{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7133305523","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcb65343.2025.11411287","title":"Enhancing Privacy in Face Recognition With Dual-Path Feature Compression and Homomorphic Encryption","display_name":"Enhancing Privacy in Face Recognition With Dual-Path Feature Compression and Homomorphic Encryption","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-09-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7133305523","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcb65343.2025.11411287"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ijcb65343.2025.11411287","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcb65343.2025.11411287","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Joint Conference on Biometrics (IJCB)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5127942780","display_name":"Wencheng Yang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185523456","display_name":"University of Southern Queensland","ror":"https://ror.org/04sjbnx57","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185523456"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wencheng Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Southern Queensland,Toowoomba,Queensland,Australia,4350"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southern Queensland,Toowoomba,Queensland,Australia,4350","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185523456"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100326208","display_name":"Song Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6462-9866"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196829312","display_name":"La Trobe University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxfrp27","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196829312"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Song Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["La Trobe University, VIC,Australia,3086"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"La Trobe University, VIC,Australia,3086","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196829312"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121525283","display_name":"Di Wu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185523456","display_name":"University of Southern Queensland","ror":"https://ror.org/04sjbnx57","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185523456"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Di Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Southern Queensland,Toowoomba,Queensland,Australia,4350"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southern Queensland,Toowoomba,Queensland,Australia,4350","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185523456"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Zhaohui Tang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185523456","display_name":"University of Southern Queensland","ror":"https://ror.org/04sjbnx57","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185523456"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhaohui Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Southern Queensland,Toowoomba,Queensland,Australia,4350"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southern Queensland,Toowoomba,Queensland,Australia,4350","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185523456"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5127912972","display_name":"Xu Yang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I354108","display_name":"Minjiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00s7tkw17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I354108"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xu Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Minjiang University,Fuzhou,China,350108"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Minjiang University,Fuzhou,China,350108","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I354108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006987121","display_name":"Hui Cui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6505-4734"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56590836","display_name":"Monash University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bfwt286","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hui Cui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Monash University, VIC,Australia,3800"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Monash University, VIC,Australia,3800","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037747860","display_name":"Michael N. Johnstone","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7192-7098"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12079687","display_name":"Edith Cowan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05jhnwe22","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12079687"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael N. Johnstone","raw_affiliation_strings":["Edith Cowan University, WA,Australia,6027"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Edith Cowan University, WA,Australia,6027","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12079687"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5127894555","display_name":"Yan Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185523456","display_name":"University of Southern Queensland","ror":"https://ror.org/04sjbnx57","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185523456"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Southern Queensland,Toowoomba,Queensland,Australia,4350"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southern Queensland,Toowoomba,Queensland,Australia,4350","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185523456"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66536346,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.4228000044822693,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.4228000044822693,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.14790000021457672,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.09449999779462814,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminative-model","display_name":"Discriminative model","score":0.694599986076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/homomorphic-encryption","display_name":"Homomorphic encryption","score":0.6807000041007996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biometrics","display_name":"Biometrics","score":0.6279000043869019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.5529999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-hashing","display_name":"Feature hashing","score":0.5371999740600586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hash-function","display_name":"Hash function","score":0.5209000110626221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5077999830245972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-recognition-system","display_name":"Facial recognition system","score":0.4943999946117401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.45879998803138733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.45489999651908875}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.801800012588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97931131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282087","display_name":"Discriminative model","level":2,"score":0.694599986076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158338273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2154943","display_name":"Homomorphic encryption","level":3,"score":0.6807000041007996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184297639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177765","display_name":"Biometrics","level":2,"score":0.6279000043869019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.5529999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133667856","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5439682","display_name":"Feature hashing","level":5,"score":0.5371999740600586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5360000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99138194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183427","display_name":"Hash function","level":2,"score":0.5209000110626221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5077999830245972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31510193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553","display_name":"Facial recognition system","level":3,"score":0.4943999946117401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.45879998803138733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.45489999651908875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.414900004863739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.3675999939441681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70518039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16000077","display_name":"Dimensionality reduction","level":2,"score":0.36329999566078186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123201435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q456632","display_name":"Information privacy","level":2,"score":0.34529998898506165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109297577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161157","display_name":"Password","level":2,"score":0.335099995136261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.33500000834465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27438332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2873","display_name":"Principal component analysis","level":2,"score":0.3154999911785126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153083717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.30979999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.2896000146865845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18396474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2465888","display_name":"Secure multi-party computation","level":3,"score":0.28839999437332153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.2818000018596649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.2782000005245209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.2777999937534332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63435697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864135","display_name":"Binary code","level":3,"score":0.2773999869823456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167900197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11081100","display_name":"Spoofing attack","level":2,"score":0.27410000562667847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83665646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42139305","display_name":"Feature vector","level":2,"score":0.27129998803138733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.26820001006126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.2671000063419342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.2615000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.25589999556541443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48372109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3913","display_name":"Binary number","level":2,"score":0.2533999979496002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74370796","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15924863","display_name":"Signature recognition","level":3,"score":0.2517000138759613}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ijcb65343.2025.11411287","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcb65343.2025.11411287","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Joint Conference on Biometrics (IJCB)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","display_name":"Australian Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/05mmh0f86"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1488338708","https://openalex.org/W2069165391","https://openalex.org/W2096733369","https://openalex.org/W2747565731","https://openalex.org/W2768174108","https://openalex.org/W2778784613","https://openalex.org/W2907243381","https://openalex.org/W2921264692","https://openalex.org/W2963801501","https://openalex.org/W2981264804","https://openalex.org/W3135658564","https://openalex.org/W3168664140","https://openalex.org/W3213258637","https://openalex.org/W4200006345","https://openalex.org/W4293200650","https://openalex.org/W4316924414","https://openalex.org/W4361199487","https://openalex.org/W4390151662","https://openalex.org/W4391516293","https://openalex.org/W4392167717","https://openalex.org/W4399592926","https://openalex.org/W4407372365","https://openalex.org/W4409153980"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Face":[0],"recognition":[1,44],"offers":[2],"seamless":[3],"human-machine":[4],"interaction":[5],"and":[6,15,30,60,78,110,115,129,136,168],"efficiency.":[7],"However,":[8],"its":[9],"widespread":[10],"adoption":[11],"has":[12],"heightened":[13],"security":[14],"privacy":[16],"concerns":[17],"due":[18],"to":[19,72],"the":[20,65],"risks":[21],"associated":[22],"with":[23,54],"compromised":[24],"biometric":[25,91,113,152],"data,":[26],"such":[27],"as":[28],"spoofing":[29],"unauthorized":[31],"tracking.":[32],"To":[33],"mitigate":[34],"these":[35],"concerns,":[36],"this":[37],"paper":[38],"introduces":[39],"a":[40,101],"novel":[41,102],"privacy-preserving":[42,130],"face":[43],"framework":[45],"that":[46,157],"integrates":[47],"an":[48],"enhanced":[49],"dual-path":[50],"feature":[51,76,84],"compression":[52,85],"approach":[53],"homomorphic":[55],"encryption":[56],"(HE)":[57],"for":[58,89,125],"secure":[59],"efficient":[61,126],"authentication.":[62],"We":[63],"leverage":[64],"robust":[66],"deep":[67],"neural":[68],"network":[69],"model":[70],"FaceNet":[71],"extract":[73],"discriminative":[74,108],"512-dimensional":[75],"vectors":[77],"propose":[79],"two":[80],"significantly":[81],"improved":[82],"complementary":[83],"methods":[86],"tailored":[87],"specifically":[88],"encrypted":[90,141],"systems:":[92],"(1)":[93],"Partitioned":[94],"Principal":[95],"Component":[96],"Analysis":[97],"(P-PCA),":[98],"which":[99],"employs":[100],"segment-wise":[103],"PCA":[104],"transformation,":[105],"preserving":[106],"localized":[107],"information":[109],"supporting":[111],"revocable":[112],"templates;":[114],"(2)":[116],"Segment-wise":[117],"Locality-Sensitive":[118],"Hashing":[119],"(S-LSH),":[120],"introducing":[121],"segment-specific":[122],"hashing":[123],"optimized":[124],"binary":[127,137],"representation":[128],"encrypted-domain":[131,146],"computations.":[132],"Both":[133],"compressed":[134],"real-valued":[135],"features":[138],"are":[139],"securely":[140],"using":[142],"HE,":[143],"enabling":[144],"direct":[145],"similarity":[147],"computations":[148],"without":[149],"exposing":[150],"sensitive":[151],"data.":[153],"Extensive":[154],"experiments":[155],"demonstrate":[156],"our":[158],"method":[159],"achieves":[160],"competitive":[161],"authentication":[162],"performance":[163],"while":[164],"maintaining":[165],"computational":[166],"efficiency":[167],"practical":[169],"feasibility.":[170]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2026-03-04T00:00:00"}