{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4404239027","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcb62174.2024.10744429","title":"Assessing the Reliability of Biometric Authentication on Virtual Reality Devices","display_name":"Assessing the Reliability of Biometric Authentication on Virtual Reality Devices","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-09-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4404239027","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcb62174.2024.10744429"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ijcb62174.2024.10744429","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcb62174.2024.10744429","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 IEEE International Joint Conference on Biometrics (IJCB)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076371381","display_name":"Ketan Kotwal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3766-0881"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7495430","display_name":"Idiap Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05932h694","country_code":"CH","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7495430"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ketan Kotwal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Idiap Research Institute,Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Idiap Research Institute,Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7495430"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110516420","display_name":"G\u00f6khan \u00d6zbulak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5568-1622"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7495430","display_name":"Idiap Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05932h694","country_code":"CH","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7495430"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G\u00f6khan \u00d6zbulak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Idiap Research Institute,Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Idiap Research Institute,Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7495430"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016330764","display_name":"S\u00e9bastien Marcel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2497-9140"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7495430","display_name":"Idiap Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05932h694","country_code":"CH","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7495430"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S\u00e9bastien Marcel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Idiap Research Institute,Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Idiap Research Institute,Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7495430"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7495430"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":0.9453999996185303,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":0.9453999996185303,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biometrics","display_name":"Biometrics","score":0.8616839051246643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.728550136089325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.664409339427948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.6254765391349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-reality","display_name":"Virtual reality","score":0.5666342973709106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.4505798816680908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.42831164598464966}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184297639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177765","display_name":"Biometrics","level":2,"score":0.8616839051246643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.728550136089325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.664409339427948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.6254765391349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194969405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170519","display_name":"Virtual reality","level":2,"score":0.5666342973709106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.4505798816680908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.42831164598464966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ijcb62174.2024.10744429","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcb62174.2024.10744429","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 IEEE International Joint Conference on Biometrics (IJCB)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W607462674","https://openalex.org/W1591751053","https://openalex.org/W1995301158","https://openalex.org/W2083231836","https://openalex.org/W2170096609","https://openalex.org/W2522438482","https://openalex.org/W2611369100","https://openalex.org/W2941240724","https://openalex.org/W2944289193","https://openalex.org/W2963976704","https://openalex.org/W3090533455","https://openalex.org/W3118514458","https://openalex.org/W3120866375","https://openalex.org/W3128334038","https://openalex.org/W3142879207","https://openalex.org/W3162474807","https://openalex.org/W4224919881","https://openalex.org/W4285249201","https://openalex.org/W4293154803","https://openalex.org/W4312426184","https://openalex.org/W4316925078","https://openalex.org/W4319299996","https://openalex.org/W4321609505","https://openalex.org/W4323356317","https://openalex.org/W4375868858","https://openalex.org/W4385584142","https://openalex.org/W4392411856","https://openalex.org/W4400377850","https://openalex.org/W6684314024","https://openalex.org/W6762207591","https://openalex.org/W6870078511"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2076845124","https://openalex.org/W2183964146","https://openalex.org/W2379932303","https://openalex.org/W2095239294","https://openalex.org/W3147744369","https://openalex.org/W2062586268","https://openalex.org/W2019582947","https://openalex.org/W3104966193","https://openalex.org/W2059650074","https://openalex.org/W4285504728"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recent":[0],"developments":[1],"in":[2,98,133,149,158,166],"Virtual":[3],"Reality":[4],"(VR)":[5],"headsets":[6],"have":[7],"unlocked":[8],"a":[9,67,74,176],"plethora":[10],"of":[11,15,43,52,96,100,113,120,146,188],"innovative":[12],"use-cases,":[13,23],"many":[14],"which":[16],"were":[17],"previously":[18],"unimaginable.":[19],"However,":[20],"as":[21,25],"these":[22],"such":[24],"personalized":[26],"immersive":[27],"experiences,":[28],"necessitate":[29],"user":[30],"authentication,":[31],"ensuring":[32],"robustness":[33],"and":[34,50,83,102,186],"resistance":[35],"to":[36,56,182],"spoofing":[37,147],"attacks":[38,106,132,168],"becomes":[39],"imperative.":[40],"The":[41,92],"absence":[42],"appropriate":[44],"dataset":[45,71,173],"has":[46],"constrained":[47],"our":[48],"understanding":[49],"assessment":[51],"VR":[53,75,150],"devices\u2019":[54],"susceptibility":[55],"presentation":[57,85,131],"attacks.":[58],"To":[59],"address":[60],"this":[61],"research":[62],"gap,":[63],"we":[64,116],"introduce":[65],"VRBiom:":[66],"new":[68],"periocular":[69,170],"video":[70],"acquired":[72],"from":[73],"headset":[76],"(Meta":[77],"Quest":[78],"Pro),":[79],"comprising":[80],"900":[81],"genuine":[82],"1104":[84],"attack":[86,159],"videos,":[87],"each":[88],"spanning":[89],"10":[90],"seconds.":[91],"bona-fide":[93],"videos":[94],"consist":[95],"variations":[97],"terms":[99],"gaze":[101],"glasses;":[103],"while":[104],"the":[105,118,134,144,184],"are":[107],"constructed":[108],"with":[109],"6":[110],"different":[111],"types":[112],"instruments.":[114],"Additionally,":[115],"evaluate":[117],"performance":[119],"two":[121],"prominent":[122],"CNN":[123],"architectures":[124],"trained":[125],"using":[126],"various":[127],"configurations":[128],"for":[129,164,179],"detecting":[130,167],"newly":[135],"created":[136],"VRBiom":[137,142],"dataset.":[138],"Our":[139,172],"benchmarking":[140],"on":[141,169],"reveals":[143],"presence":[145],"threats":[148],"headsets.":[151],"While":[152],"baseline":[153],"models":[154],"exhibit":[155],"considerable":[156],"efficacy":[157],"detection,":[160],"substantial":[161],"scope":[162],"exists":[163],"improvement":[165],"videos.":[171],"will":[174],"be":[175],"useful":[177],"resource":[178],"researchers":[180],"aiming":[181],"enhance":[183],"security":[185],"reliability":[187],"VR-based":[189],"authentication":[190],"systems.":[191]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
