{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4392411923","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcb57857.2023.10448898","title":"Meta-evaluation for 3D Face Reconstruction Via Synthetic Data","display_name":"Meta-evaluation for 3D Face Reconstruction Via Synthetic Data","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-09-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4392411923","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcb57857.2023.10448898","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38737297"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ijcb57857.2023.10448898","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcb57857.2023.10448898","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE International Joint Conference on Biometrics (IJCB)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11086654","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009162530","display_name":"Evangelos Sar\u0131yanidi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1322-7266"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1335321130","display_name":"Children's Hospital of Philadelphia","ror":"https://ror.org/01z7r7q48","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1335321130"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Evangelos Sariyanidi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Children&#x2019;s Hospital of Philadelphia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Children&#x2019;s Hospital of Philadelphia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1335321130"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028907737","display_name":"Claudio Ferrari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9465-6753"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124601658","display_name":"University of Parma","ror":"https://ror.org/02k7wn190","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124601658"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Claudio Ferrari","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Parma"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Parma","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124601658"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013110565","display_name":"Stefano Berretti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1219-4386"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45084792","display_name":"University of Florence","ror":"https://ror.org/04jr1s763","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefano Berretti","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Florence"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Florence","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047258772","display_name":"Robert T. Schultz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9817-3425"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1335321130","display_name":"Children's Hospital of Philadelphia","ror":"https://ror.org/01z7r7q48","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1335321130"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36788626","display_name":"California University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/01spssf70","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36788626"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert T. Schultz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Children&#x2019;s Hospital of Philadelphia","University of Pennsylvania"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Children&#x2019;s Hospital of Philadelphia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1335321130"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pennsylvania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36788626"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086117355","display_name":"Birkan Tun\u00e7","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2294-4024"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36788626","display_name":"California University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/01spssf70","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36788626"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1335321130","display_name":"Children's Hospital of Philadelphia","ror":"https://ror.org/01z7r7q48","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1335321130"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Birkan Tunc","raw_affiliation_strings":["Children&#x2019;s Hospital of Philadelphia","University of Pennsylvania"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Children&#x2019;s Hospital of Philadelphia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1335321130"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pennsylvania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36788626"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5009162530"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1335321130"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3685,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.62361658,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"2023","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"10"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10719","display_name":"3D Shape Modeling and Analysis","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11322","display_name":"Facial Rejuvenation and Surgery Techniques","score":0.9922999739646912,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2708","display_name":"Dermatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.7753625512123108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.7592086791992188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimator","display_name":"Estimator","score":0.7429890036582947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6460845470428467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chamfer","display_name":"Chamfer (geometry)","score":0.6150964498519897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ground-truth","display_name":"Ground truth","score":0.5691399574279785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.49338164925575256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.49221745133399963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.46918272972106934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outlier","display_name":"Outlier","score":0.4221077263355255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.31455719470977783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.19498682022094727}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.7753625512123108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.7592086791992188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.7429890036582947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6460845470428467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776313386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18018756","display_name":"Chamfer (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.6150964498519897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146849305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q370766","display_name":"Ground truth","level":2,"score":0.5691399574279785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.49338164925575256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.49221745133399963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.46918272972106934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79337645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q779824","display_name":"Outlier","level":2,"score":0.4221077263355255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.31455719470977783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.19498682022094727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ijcb57857.2023.10448898","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcb57857.2023.10448898","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE International Joint Conference on Biometrics (IJCB)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:38737297","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38737297","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE International Conference on Biometrics, Theory, Applications and Systems. IEEE Conference on Biometrics: Theory, Applications, and Systems","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11086654","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11086654","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Int Conf Biom Theory Appl Syst","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:flore.unifi.it:2158/1453047","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2158/1453047","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402033","display_name":"Florence Research (University of Florence)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45084792","host_organization_name":"University of Florence","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11086654","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11086654","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Int Conf Biom Theory Appl Syst","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332179","display_name":"Office of the Director","ror":"https://ror.org/04nseet23"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health","ror":"https://ror.org/04xeg9z08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338440","display_name":"HORIZON EUROPE Health","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":56,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1576579612","https://openalex.org/W2018727909","https://openalex.org/W2030665335","https://openalex.org/W2048359624","https://openalex.org/W2087007396","https://openalex.org/W2107037917","https://openalex.org/W2168722300","https://openalex.org/W2174282328","https://openalex.org/W2304348237","https://openalex.org/W2431101926","https://openalex.org/W2519131448","https://openalex.org/W2565850160","https://openalex.org/W2599226450","https://openalex.org/W2741275949","https://openalex.org/W2769666294","https://openalex.org/W2775877962","https://openalex.org/W2798291180","https://openalex.org/W2929478825","https://openalex.org/W2945729334","https://openalex.org/W2946166696","https://openalex.org/W2949662773","https://openalex.org/W2962807783","https://openalex.org/W2962922861","https://openalex.org/W2963342110","https://openalex.org/W2964449965","https://openalex.org/W2988472682","https://openalex.org/W2988772363","https://openalex.org/W3019140501","https://openalex.org/W3021962567","https://openalex.org/W3034192160","https://openalex.org/W3097490235","https://openalex.org/W3099505600","https://openalex.org/W3104300620","https://openalex.org/W3104792420","https://openalex.org/W3106861185","https://openalex.org/W3109317096","https://openalex.org/W3109427664","https://openalex.org/W3160006204","https://openalex.org/W3166139908","https://openalex.org/W3168750717","https://openalex.org/W3180794345","https://openalex.org/W3181238075","https://openalex.org/W3202127500","https://openalex.org/W3203983723","https://openalex.org/W4214744315","https://openalex.org/W4223592687","https://openalex.org/W4225649033","https://openalex.org/W4226203394","https://openalex.org/W4290822659","https://openalex.org/W4310895557","https://openalex.org/W4312326867","https://openalex.org/W4312726738","https://openalex.org/W4379409382","https://openalex.org/W4389104747","https://openalex.org/W6748208425","https://openalex.org/W6804126621"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2088651759","https://openalex.org/W2134508677","https://openalex.org/W4324094550","https://openalex.org/W2054153498","https://openalex.org/W4381747464","https://openalex.org/W4307266377","https://openalex.org/W1993689898","https://openalex.org/W4317376074","https://openalex.org/W2023549875","https://openalex.org/W4210897550"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"standard":[1,134],"benchmark":[2,73,91,113],"metric":[3,74,114,169],"for":[4,75,115],"3D":[5,76],"face":[6,77,116],"reconstruction":[7,22,148,182],"is":[8,45,88,185],"the":[9,16,49,66,104,133,140,151,156,159,200],"geometric":[10,108,127],"error":[11,42,68,86,109,128],"between":[12],"reconstructed":[13],"meshes":[14],"and":[15,71,184,203],"ground":[17,28],"truth.":[18],"Nearly":[19],"all":[20,180],"recent":[21],"methods":[23],"are":[24],"validated":[25],"on":[26],"real":[27],"truth":[29],"scans,":[30],"in":[31,199],"which":[32,44,85],"case":[33],"one":[34],"needs":[35],"to":[36,41,102,123,150,167,210],"establish":[37],"point":[38,152],"correspondence":[39],"prior":[40],"computation,":[43],"typically":[46],"done":[47],"with":[48,170],"Chamfer":[50,67],"(i.e.,":[51],"nearest":[52],"neighbor)":[53],"criterion.":[54],"However,":[55],"a":[56,89,95,107,112,168,205],"simple":[57],"yet":[58],"fundamental":[59],"question":[60],"have":[61],"not":[62,136,177],"been":[63],"asked:":[64],"Is":[65],"an":[69],"appropriate":[70],"fair":[72],"reconstruction?":[78],"More":[79],"generally,":[80],"how":[81],"can":[82],"we":[83,119,194],"determine":[84],"estimator":[87,110],"better":[90],"metric?":[92],"We":[93],"present":[94,198],"meta-evaluation":[96],"framework":[97,122],"that":[98,132],"uses":[99],"synthetic":[100,208],"data":[101,209],"evaluate":[103],"quality":[105],"of":[106,153,158],"as":[111],"reconstruction.":[117],"Further,":[118],"use":[120],"this":[121],"experimentally":[124],"compare":[125],"four":[126],"estimators.":[129],"Results":[130],"show":[131,195],"approach":[135],"only":[137],"severely":[138],"underestimates":[139],"error,":[141],"but":[142],"also":[143],"does":[144],"so":[145],"inconsistently":[146],"across":[147],"methods,":[149,183],"even":[154],"altering":[155],"ranking":[157],"compared":[160,181],"methods.":[161],"Moreover,":[162],"although":[163],"non-rigid":[164],"ICP":[165],"leads":[166],"smaller":[171],"estimation":[172],"bias,":[173],"it":[174],"could":[175],"still":[176],"correctly":[178],"rank":[179],"significantly":[186],"more":[187],"time":[188],"consuming":[189],"than":[190],"Chamfer.":[191],"In":[192],"sum,":[193],"several":[196],"issues":[197],"current":[201],"benchmarking":[202],"propose":[204],"procedure":[206],"using":[207],"address":[211],"these":[212],"issues.":[213]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
