{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2133670146","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcb.2011.6117520","title":"Face recognition for look-alikes: A preliminary study","display_name":"Face recognition for look-alikes: A preliminary study","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2133670146","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcb.2011.6117520","mag":"2133670146"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ijcb.2011.6117520","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcb.2011.6117520","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 International Joint Conference on Biometrics (IJCB)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028407723","display_name":"Hemank Lamba","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9794-3587"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119939252","display_name":"Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology Delhi","ror":"https://ror.org/03vfp4g33","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119939252"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hemank Lamba","raw_affiliation_strings":["LIlT Delhi, India","[IIIT-Delhi,India]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LIlT Delhi, India","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[IIIT-Delhi,India]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119939252"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053641629","display_name":"Ankit Sarkar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119939252","display_name":"Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology Delhi","ror":"https://ror.org/03vfp4g33","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119939252"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ankit Sarkar","raw_affiliation_strings":["LIlT Delhi, India","[IIIT-Delhi,India]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LIlT Delhi, India","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[IIIT-Delhi,India]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119939252"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050521702","display_name":"Mayank Vatsa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5952-2274"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119939252","display_name":"Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology Delhi","ror":"https://ror.org/03vfp4g33","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119939252"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mayank Vatsa","raw_affiliation_strings":["LIlT Delhi, India","[IIIT-Delhi,India]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LIlT Delhi, India","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[IIIT-Delhi,India]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119939252"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011779957","display_name":"Richa Singh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4060-4573"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119939252","display_name":"Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology Delhi","ror":"https://ror.org/03vfp4g33","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119939252"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richa Singh","raw_affiliation_strings":["LIlT Delhi, India","[IIIT-Delhi,India]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LIlT Delhi, India","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[IIIT-Delhi,India]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119939252"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050320880","display_name":"Afzel Noore","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3406-7487"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12097938","display_name":"West Virginia University","ror":"https://ror.org/011vxgd24","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12097938"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Afzel Noore","raw_affiliation_strings":["West Virginia University, USA","West Virginia Univeristy, USA#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"West Virginia University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12097938"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"West Virginia Univeristy, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12097938"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":33,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9763000011444092,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-recognition-system","display_name":"Facial recognition system","score":0.7997444868087769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7481074333190918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6910719871520996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.6792649030685425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.6484109163284302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extractor","display_name":"Extractor","score":0.5795414447784424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.5561512112617493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5516430735588074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/three-dimensional-face-recognition","display_name":"Three-dimensional face recognition","score":0.5147907733917236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/similarity","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","score":0.4872504770755768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4573885500431061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3616110682487488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face-detection","display_name":"Face detection","score":0.35269826650619507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.12768977880477905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.10318058729171753}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31510193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553","display_name":"Facial recognition system","level":3,"score":0.7997444868087769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7481074333190918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6910719871520996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.6792649030685425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.6484109163284302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117978034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5422192","display_name":"Extractor","level":2,"score":0.5795414447784424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5561512112617493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5516430735588074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88799230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3398329","display_name":"Three-dimensional face recognition","level":5,"score":0.5147907733917236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103278499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254465","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","level":3,"score":0.4872504770755768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4573885500431061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3616110682487488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4641261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11681085","display_name":"Face detection","level":4,"score":0.35269826650619507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.12768977880477905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10318058729171753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21880701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2144042","display_name":"Process engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ijcb.2011.6117520","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcb.2011.6117520","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 International Joint Conference on Biometrics (IJCB)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1510601647","https://openalex.org/W1577100866","https://openalex.org/W1591385104","https://openalex.org/W1981578346","https://openalex.org/W1983197836","https://openalex.org/W2004007128","https://openalex.org/W2006793117","https://openalex.org/W2082498363","https://openalex.org/W2119605622","https://openalex.org/W2123737232","https://openalex.org/W2144982973","https://openalex.org/W2151103935","https://openalex.org/W2152433273","https://openalex.org/W2155759509","https://openalex.org/W2161775025","https://openalex.org/W2163808566","https://openalex.org/W2994340921","https://openalex.org/W3002694247","https://openalex.org/W4229628365","https://openalex.org/W4241598541","https://openalex.org/W4313169793","https://openalex.org/W6635552349","https://openalex.org/W6678557583","https://openalex.org/W6811326859"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2166031825","https://openalex.org/W2918845005","https://openalex.org/W2040482211","https://openalex.org/W2058325696","https://openalex.org/W325114128","https://openalex.org/W4285815683","https://openalex.org/W2336272890","https://openalex.org/W2985118265","https://openalex.org/W4312238398","https://openalex.org/W4308999963"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"One":[0],"of":[1,90],"the":[2,17,23,72,78,88,116,142],"major":[3],"challenges":[4],"efface":[5],"recognition":[6,102,118,127,133,155],"is":[7,55,75,105],"to":[8,31,35,140],"design":[9],"a":[10,40],"feature":[11,27],"extractor":[12],"and":[13,21,51,93,99,135],"matcher":[14],"that":[15,149],"reduces":[16],"intra":[18],"class":[19],"variations":[20,44],"increases":[22],"inter-class":[24,64,79],"variations.":[25],"The":[26,53,146],"extraction":[28],"algorithm":[29,139],"has":[30],"be":[32],"robust":[33],"enough":[34],"extract":[36],"similar":[37],"features":[38],"for":[39,81,120],"particular":[41],"subject":[42],"despite":[43],"in":[45,109,159],"quality,":[46],"pose,":[47],"illumination,":[48],"expression,":[49],"aging,":[50],"disguise.":[52],"problem":[54,89],"exacerbated":[56],"when":[57],"there":[58],"are":[59,157],"two":[60,83],"individuals":[61],"with":[62,129],"lower":[63],"variations,":[65],"i.e.,":[66],"look":[67],"alikes.":[68],"In":[69],"such":[70],"cases,":[71],"intra-class":[73],"similarity":[74],"higher":[76],"than":[77],"variation":[80],"these":[82],"individuals.":[84],"This":[85],"research":[86],"explores":[87],"look-alike":[91,121],"faces":[92],"their":[94],"effect":[95],"on":[96],"human":[97,117,126],"performance":[98,128],"automatic":[100,153],"face":[101,132,143,154],"algorithms.":[103],"There":[104],"three":[106],"fold":[107],"contribution":[108],"this":[110],"re":[111],"search:":[112],"firstly,":[113],"we":[114,124],"analyze":[115],"capabilities":[119],"appearances.":[122],"Secondly,":[123],"compare":[125],"ten":[130],"existing":[131],"algorithms,":[134],"finally,":[136],"proposed":[137],"an":[138],"improve":[141],"verification":[144],"accuracy.":[145],"analysis":[147],"shows":[148],"neither":[150],"humans":[151],"nor":[152],"algorithms":[156],"efficient":[158],"recognizing":[160],"look-alikes.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}