{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4312592643","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iicaiet55139.2022.9936788","title":"Detection of Social Media Hashtag Hijacking Using Dictionary-based and Machine Learning Methods","display_name":"Detection of Social Media Hashtag Hijacking Using Dictionary-based and Machine Learning Methods","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-09-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4312592643","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iicaiet55139.2022.9936788"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iicaiet55139.2022.9936788","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iicaiet55139.2022.9936788","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608273","display_name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Engineering and Technology (IICAIET)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Engineering and Technology (IICAIET)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071074562","display_name":"Wei Ling Cheah","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84339108","display_name":"Sunway University","ror":"https://ror.org/04mjt7f73","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84339108"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wei Ling Cheah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sunway University,Department of Computing and Information Systems,Sunway City,Selangor,Malaysia","Department of Computing and Information Systems, Sunway University, Sunway City, Selangor, Malaysia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sunway University,Department of Computing and Information Systems,Sunway City,Selangor,Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84339108"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing and Information Systems, Sunway University, Sunway City, Selangor, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84339108"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042896398","display_name":"Hui Na Chua","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9792-1292"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84339108","display_name":"Sunway University","ror":"https://ror.org/04mjt7f73","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84339108"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hui Na Chua","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sunway University,Department of Computing and Information Systems,Sunway City,Selangor,Malaysia","Department of Computing and Information Systems, Sunway University, Sunway City, Selangor, Malaysia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sunway University,Department of Computing and Information Systems,Sunway City,Selangor,Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84339108"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing and Information Systems, Sunway University, Sunway City, Selangor, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84339108"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5071074562"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84339108"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5216,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.6472708,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10664","display_name":"Sentiment Analysis and Opinion Mining","score":0.9919000267982483,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10664","display_name":"Sentiment Analysis and Opinion Mining","score":0.9919000267982483,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12519","display_name":"Cybercrime and Law Enforcement Studies","score":0.9886000156402588,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8781915903091431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.8186253905296326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.7781131267547607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7715422511100769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relevance","display_name":"Relevance (law)","score":0.717941164970398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/naive-bayes-classifier","display_name":"Naive Bayes classifier","score":0.6768885850906372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-media","display_name":"Social media","score":0.6616016030311584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.531439483165741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-tree","display_name":"Decision tree","score":0.5209164023399353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-classification","display_name":"Statistical classification","score":0.4117549657821655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.12672170996665955}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8781915903091431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.8186253905296326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.7781131267547607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7715422511100769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158154518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310970","display_name":"Relevance (law)","level":2,"score":0.717941164970398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52001869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812530","display_name":"Naive Bayes classifier","level":3,"score":0.6768885850906372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518677369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202833","display_name":"Social media","level":2,"score":0.6616016030311584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.531439483165741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84525736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831366","display_name":"Decision tree","level":2,"score":0.5209164023399353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110083411","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1744628","display_name":"Statistical classification","level":2,"score":0.4117549657821655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.12672170996665955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iicaiet55139.2022.9936788","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iicaiet55139.2022.9936788","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608273","display_name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Engineering and Technology (IICAIET)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Engineering and Technology (IICAIET)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7200000286102295,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2181182827","https://openalex.org/W2252169269","https://openalex.org/W2323537218","https://openalex.org/W2765260850","https://openalex.org/W2883462569","https://openalex.org/W2899029879","https://openalex.org/W2909928817","https://openalex.org/W3001069493","https://openalex.org/W3185524417"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2771255398","https://openalex.org/W3200027047","https://openalex.org/W2966195860","https://openalex.org/W4224922629","https://openalex.org/W3125536479","https://openalex.org/W4385770464","https://openalex.org/W2930428186","https://openalex.org/W3120363735","https://openalex.org/W4214820172","https://openalex.org/W4386984454"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Nowadays,":[0],"hashtags":[1,80,101,138,168],"are":[2],"widely":[3],"utilized":[4],"on":[5,107,148],"all":[6],"social":[7,61],"media":[8,62],"platforms":[9],"since":[10],"they":[11],"deliver":[12],"numerous":[13],"benefits,":[14],"particularly":[15],"for":[16,59,195],"corporations":[17],"aiming":[18],"to":[19,72,75,81,96,133,208],"reach":[20],"a":[21,37,52,57],"larger":[22],"audience.":[23],"However,":[24],"hashtag":[25,33,63,196],"exploitation":[26],"has":[27],"resulted":[28],"in":[29,163],"the":[30,87,93,98,103,113,121,135,145,155,161,165,188,201],"problem":[31],"of":[32,39,100,105,115,137,167,172,177,182,187,203],"hijacking,":[34],"which":[35],"is":[36],"type":[38],"cyber":[40],"content":[41,104],"threat":[42],"that":[43,154,198],"anyone":[44],"or":[45],"any":[46],"organization":[47],"can":[48,199],"carry":[49],"out.":[50],"As":[51],"result,":[53],"this":[54],"research":[55],"presents":[56],"framework":[58,194],"detecting":[60],"hijacking":[64,197],"through":[65],"machine":[66,89,117],"learning":[67,90,118],"algorithms.":[68],"This":[69,84],"paper":[70,85],"aims":[71],"identify":[73],"methods":[74],"classify":[76,97,134],"relevant":[77],"and":[78,111,129,143,179,206],"irrelevant":[79],"their":[82,141],"contents.":[83],"demonstrates":[86],"unsupervised":[88],"method,":[91],"namely":[92],"dictionary-based":[94],"approach,":[95],"relevance":[99,136,166],"with":[102,140,169,211],"tweets":[106],"an":[108,170,174,191],"unlabeled":[109],"dataset,":[110],"also":[112],"implementation":[114],"supervised":[116],"methods,":[119],"including":[120],"Support":[122,156],"Vector":[123,157],"Machine":[124,158],"(SVM),":[125],"Naive":[126],"Bayes":[127],"classifier,":[128],"Decision":[130],"Tree":[131],"algorithms,":[132],"used":[139],"contents":[142],"compare":[144],"machine's":[146],"performances":[147],"labeled":[149],"datasets.":[150],"Our":[151],"results":[152],"showed":[153],"(SVM)":[159],"performs":[160],"best":[162],"classifying":[164],"accuracy":[171],"93.36%,":[173],"F1":[175],"score":[176,181],"96.19%":[178],"ROC-AVC":[180],"97.22":[183],"%.":[184],"The":[185],"findings":[186],"study":[189],"present":[190],"automated":[192],"detection":[193],"overcome":[200],"limitations":[202],"previous":[204],"studies":[205],"adapt":[207],"external":[209],"threats":[210],"high":[212],"performance":[213],"over":[214],"time.":[215]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-18T07:56:08.524223","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
