{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4311224532","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igsc55832.2022.9969377","title":"Towards an Energy-Efficient Hash-based Message Authentication Code (HMAC)","display_name":"Towards an Energy-Efficient Hash-based Message Authentication Code (HMAC)","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-10-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4311224532","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igsc55832.2022.9969377"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/igsc55832.2022.9969377","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igsc55832.2022.9969377","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE 13th International Green and Sustainable Computing Conference (IGSC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001516223","display_name":"Cesar E. Castellon","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11874761","display_name":"University of North Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/01j903a45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11874761"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cesar E. Castellon","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, University of North Florida,Jacksonville,USA","School of Engineering, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, University of North Florida,Jacksonville,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11874761"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11874761"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020917225","display_name":"Swapnoneel Roy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1164-2757"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11874761","display_name":"University of North Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/01j903a45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11874761"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Swapnoneel Roy","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing, University of North Florida,Jacksonville,USA","School of Computing, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, University of North Florida,Jacksonville,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11874761"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11874761"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076234086","display_name":"O. Patrick Kreidl","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3915-3488"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11874761","display_name":"University of North Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/01j903a45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11874761"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"O. Patrick Kreidl","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, University of North Florida,Jacksonville,USA","School of Engineering, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, University of North Florida,Jacksonville,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11874761"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11874761"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064262477","display_name":"Ayan Dutta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4343-9999"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11874761","display_name":"University of North Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/01j903a45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11874761"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ayan Dutta","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing, University of North Florida,Jacksonville,USA","School of Computing, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, University of North Florida,Jacksonville,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11874761"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11874761"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042166639","display_name":"Ladislau B\u00f6l\u00f6ni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5336-9651"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106165777","display_name":"University of Central Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/036nfer12","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106165777"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ladislau Boloni","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Central Florida,Department of Computer Science,Orlando,USA","Department of Computer Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Central Florida,Department of Computer Science,Orlando,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106165777"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106165777"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.139,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87903899,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"7"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11896","display_name":"Opportunistic and Delay-Tolerant Networks","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10951","display_name":"Cryptographic Implementations and Security","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hash-based-message-authentication-code","display_name":"Hash-based message authentication code","score":0.9684224128723145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hash-function","display_name":"Hash function","score":0.7570430040359497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6843264698982239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/message-authentication-code","display_name":"Message authentication code","score":0.6499117612838745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptographic-hash-function","display_name":"Cryptographic hash function","score":0.5732524394989014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.533679187297821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.38983458280563354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3737519383430481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.3318217992782593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.20944836735725403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1410420536994934}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100485629","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1669397","display_name":"Hash-based message authentication code","level":4,"score":0.9684224128723145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99138194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183427","display_name":"Hash function","level":2,"score":0.7570430040359497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6843264698982239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141492731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1052621","display_name":"Message authentication code","level":3,"score":0.6499117612838745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7608002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q477202","display_name":"Cryptographic hash function","level":3,"score":0.5732524394989014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.533679187297821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.38983458280563354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3737519383430481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3318217992782593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.20944836735725403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1410420536994934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/igsc55832.2022.9969377","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igsc55832.2022.9969377","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE 13th International Green and Sustainable Computing Conference (IGSC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.9100000262260437}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W198928148","https://openalex.org/W1526649648","https://openalex.org/W1673604584","https://openalex.org/W2077494162","https://openalex.org/W2083117011","https://openalex.org/W2091543319","https://openalex.org/W2107913662","https://openalex.org/W2115862334","https://openalex.org/W2129542188","https://openalex.org/W2146547664","https://openalex.org/W2181293862","https://openalex.org/W2319319659","https://openalex.org/W2343687677","https://openalex.org/W2394108221","https://openalex.org/W2409015667","https://openalex.org/W2537408325","https://openalex.org/W2760414717","https://openalex.org/W2792322951","https://openalex.org/W2803850049","https://openalex.org/W2888435657","https://openalex.org/W3016704898","https://openalex.org/W3084108613","https://openalex.org/W3126939556","https://openalex.org/W3154892229","https://openalex.org/W3157340262","https://openalex.org/W3173474283","https://openalex.org/W3173591386","https://openalex.org/W3177645431","https://openalex.org/W4249946457","https://openalex.org/W4285212633","https://openalex.org/W4292261607","https://openalex.org/W4293057267","https://openalex.org/W6608070349","https://openalex.org/W6631402485","https://openalex.org/W6637027414","https://openalex.org/W6676275684","https://openalex.org/W6677437571","https://openalex.org/W6685359154","https://openalex.org/W6714429328","https://openalex.org/W6744803204","https://openalex.org/W6754227616"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1511774205","https://openalex.org/W2771872416","https://openalex.org/W2280933377","https://openalex.org/W203964163","https://openalex.org/W2157901542","https://openalex.org/W2783731972","https://openalex.org/W4248541521","https://openalex.org/W4312776354","https://openalex.org/W2525619314","https://openalex.org/W2139378575"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Hash-based":[0],"message":[1],"authentication":[2],"code":[3],"(HMAC)":[4],"involves":[5],"a":[6,32,107,117],"secret":[7],"cryptographic":[8],"key":[9],"and":[10,24,60,130],"an":[11,94],"underlying":[12,101],"crypto-graphic":[13],"hash":[14,102],"function.":[15,155],"HMAC":[16,49,69,91,134],"is":[17,50,53],"used":[18],"to":[19,86,99,109,120,145,172,178],"simultaneously":[20],"verify":[21],"both":[22,127],"integrity":[23],"authenticity":[25],"of":[26,48,104,133,163],"messages":[27],"and,":[28],"in":[29,35,64,68,90,148,159,167],"turn,":[30],"plays":[31],"significant":[33],"role":[34],"secure":[36],"communication":[37],"protocols":[38],"e.g.,":[39],"Transport":[40],"Layer":[41],"Security":[42],"(TLS).":[43],"The":[44],"high":[45],"energy":[46,58,66,88,149,157,180],"consumption":[47,67,89,150],"well-known":[51],"as":[52,106],"the":[54,72,76,100,111,128],"trade-off":[55],"between":[56],"security,":[57],"consumption,":[59],"performance.":[61],"Previous":[62],"research":[63],"reducing":[65],"has":[70],"approached":[71],"problem":[73],"primarily":[74],"at":[75],"system":[77],"software":[78],"level":[79],"(e.g.":[80],"scheduling":[81],"algorithms).":[82],"This":[83],"paper":[84],"attempts":[85],"reduce":[87],"by":[92,151,161],"applying":[93],"energy-reducing":[95],"algorithmic":[96],"engineering":[97],"technique":[98],"function":[103],"HMAC,":[105,152,160],"means":[108],"preserve":[110],"promised":[112],"security":[113],"benefits.":[114],"Using":[115],"pyRAPL,":[116],"python":[118],"library":[119],"measure":[121],"computational":[122],"energy,":[123],"we":[124],"experiment":[125],"with":[126,176],"standard":[129],"energy-reduced":[131],"implementations":[132],"for":[135],"different":[136],"input":[137],"sizes":[138],"(in":[139],"bytes).":[140],"Our":[141],"results":[142],"show":[143],"up":[144],"17%":[146],"reduction":[147],"while":[153],"preserving":[154],"Such":[156],"savings":[158],"virtue":[162],"HMAC's":[164],"prevalent":[165],"use":[166],"existing":[168],"network":[169,174],"protocols,":[170],"extrapolate":[171],"lighter-weight":[173],"operations":[175],"respect":[177],"total":[179],"consumption.":[181]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
