{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2027579087","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igcc.2012.6322260","title":"Are sleep states effective in data centers?","display_name":"Are sleep states effective in data centers?","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2027579087","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igcc.2012.6322260","mag":"2027579087"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/igcc.2012.6322260","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igcc.2012.6322260","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 International Green Computing Conference (IGCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024346889","display_name":"Anshul Gandhi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2351-6523"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Anshul Gandhi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, USA","Carnegie Mellon Univ (USA)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon Univ (USA)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009970116","display_name":"Mor Harchol\u2010Balter","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1721-6759"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mor Harchol-Balter","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, USA","Carnegie Mellon Univ (USA)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon Univ (USA)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068719520","display_name":"Michael A. Kozuch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0939-3297"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343180700","display_name":"Intel (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01ek73717","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael A. Kozuch","raw_affiliation_strings":["INTEL, Research Laboratory, USA","Intel Labs,USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"INTEL, Research Laboratory, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intel Labs,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5024346889"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":26.2903,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":95,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99488178,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"10"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10742","display_name":"Peer-to-Peer Network Technologies","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-center","display_name":"Data center","score":0.7732172012329102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/server","display_name":"Server","score":0.7135144472122192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sleep","display_name":"Sleep (system call)","score":0.709044873714447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/testbed","display_name":"Testbed","score":0.7022086381912231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6958697438240051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.6003386974334717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workload","display_name":"Workload","score":0.5682681798934937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-management","display_name":"Power management","score":0.5441000461578369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.4488183259963989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state","display_name":"State (computer science)","score":0.4127955138683319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3771398365497589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.28954705595970154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.2112489938735962}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153740404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q671224","display_name":"Data center","level":2,"score":0.7732172012329102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.7135144472122192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775841894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4683692","display_name":"Sleep (system call)","level":2,"score":0.709044873714447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31395832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1318674","display_name":"Testbed","level":2,"score":0.7022086381912231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6958697438240051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.6003386974334717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778476105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628539","display_name":"Workload","level":2,"score":0.5682681798934937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778774385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4437810","display_name":"Power management","level":3,"score":0.5441000461578369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4488183259963989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.4127955138683319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3771398365497589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.28954705595970154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.2112489938735962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/igcc.2012.6322260","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igcc.2012.6322260","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 International Green Computing Conference (IGCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4099999964237213,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2038005","https://openalex.org/W18642015","https://openalex.org/W61548027","https://openalex.org/W81848849","https://openalex.org/W184075017","https://openalex.org/W1590860274","https://openalex.org/W1884008352","https://openalex.org/W1978917575","https://openalex.org/W2016333825","https://openalex.org/W2040392157","https://openalex.org/W2064359039","https://openalex.org/W2066660519","https://openalex.org/W2079480216","https://openalex.org/W2085433397","https://openalex.org/W2098395496","https://openalex.org/W2100346277","https://openalex.org/W2128369355","https://openalex.org/W2134807578","https://openalex.org/W2139068841","https://openalex.org/W2145542096","https://openalex.org/W2149273293","https://openalex.org/W2153704625","https://openalex.org/W2154446922","https://openalex.org/W2154850154","https://openalex.org/W2406137713","https://openalex.org/W2913877777","https://openalex.org/W2950627632","https://openalex.org/W4240403852","https://openalex.org/W6600744112","https://openalex.org/W6602549514","https://openalex.org/W6607475950","https://openalex.org/W6635247820","https://openalex.org/W6675036873"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2055187606","https://openalex.org/W2895998809","https://openalex.org/W4214914670","https://openalex.org/W1969542292","https://openalex.org/W3006216828","https://openalex.org/W2084875360","https://openalex.org/W3123077549","https://openalex.org/W70469698","https://openalex.org/W2904165227","https://openalex.org/W2047691106"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"While":[0],"sleep":[1,14,67,92,106,149,161,192,203],"states":[2,15,93,107,150,204],"have":[3,16],"existed":[4],"for":[5,10,187,209],"mobile":[6],"devices":[7],"and":[8,128],"workstations":[9],"some":[11,65],"time,":[12],"these":[13],"not":[17],"been":[18],"incorporated":[19],"into":[20,60],"most":[21],"of":[22,37,40,91,105,122,132,185],"the":[23,89,103,113,116,120,130,133,159,190],"servers":[24,45],"in":[25,83,98,115],"today's":[26],"data":[27,33,84,99,134,211],"centers.":[28,85,100,212],"High":[29],"setup":[30,72],"times":[31],"make":[32],"center":[34],"administrators":[35],"fearful":[36],"any":[38],"form":[39],"dynamic":[41,123,153],"power":[42,124,154],"management,":[43],"whereby":[44],"are":[46,205],"suspended":[47],"or":[48],"shut":[49],"down":[50],"when":[51],"load":[52],"drops.":[53],"This":[54,86],"general":[55],"reluctance":[56],"has":[57],"stalled":[58],"research":[59],"whether":[61],"there":[62],"might":[63],"be":[64,81,96,176],"feasible":[66],"state":[68,193],"(with":[69],"sufficiently":[70,75],"low":[71,76],"overhead":[73],"and/or":[74],"power)":[77],"that":[78,94,145,167,202],"would":[79,95],"actually":[80],"beneficial":[82,208],"paper":[87],"investigates":[88],"regime":[90],"advantageous":[97],"We":[101],"consider":[102],"benefits":[104],"across":[108],"three":[109],"orthogonal":[110],"dimensions:":[111],"(i)":[112],"variability":[114],"workload":[117],"trace,":[118],"(ii)":[119],"type":[121],"management":[125],"policy":[126,166],"employed,":[127],"(iii)":[129],"size":[131],"center.":[135],"Our":[136,198],"implementation":[137],"results":[138,200],"on":[139],"a":[140,164],"24-server":[141],"multi-tier":[142],"testbed":[143],"indicate":[144],"under":[146,194],"many":[147],"traces,":[148],"greatly":[151],"enhance":[152],"management.":[155],"In":[156],"fact,":[157],"given":[158],"right":[160],"states,":[162],"even":[163,189,206],"naive":[165],"simply":[168],"tries":[169],"to":[170],"match":[171],"capacity":[172],"with":[173],"demand,":[174],"can":[175],"very":[177],"effective.":[178],"By":[179],"contrast,":[180],"we":[181],"characterize":[182],"certain":[183],"types":[184],"traces":[186],"which":[188],"\u201cbest\u201d":[191],"consideration":[195],"is":[196],"ineffective.":[197],"simulation":[199],"suggest":[201],"more":[207],"larger":[210]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":13}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}