{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4402262080","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss53475.2024.10642257","title":"Glacier Area, Mass Balance and Surface Ice Velocity Estimations in the Rulung Massif, Ladakh: Exploring High Altitude Glacier Changes","display_name":"Glacier Area, Mass Balance and Surface Ice Velocity Estimations in the Rulung Massif, Ladakh: Exploring High Altitude Glacier Changes","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-07-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4402262080","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss53475.2024.10642257"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/igarss53475.2024.10642257","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss53475.2024.10642257","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IGARSS 2024 - 2024 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035580810","display_name":"Purushottam Kumar Garg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5314-0566"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163968","display_name":"G.B. Pant Institute of Himalayan Environment and Development","ror":"https://ror.org/05ap9rf45","country_code":"IN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291012402","https://openalex.org/I4210163968"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Purushottam Kumar Garg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ladakh Regional Centre,G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment,Leh,India,194101"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ladakh Regional Centre,G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment,Leh,India,194101","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163968"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081035726","display_name":"Sandipan Mukherjee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7299-0304"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163968","display_name":"G.B. Pant Institute of Himalayan Environment and Development","ror":"https://ror.org/05ap9rf45","country_code":"IN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291012402","https://openalex.org/I4210163968"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sandipan Mukherjee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ladakh Regional Centre,G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment,Leh,India,194101"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ladakh Regional Centre,G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment,Leh,India,194101","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163968"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014224018","display_name":"Mohit Prajapati","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8898-7496"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163968","display_name":"G.B. Pant Institute of Himalayan Environment and Development","ror":"https://ror.org/05ap9rf45","country_code":"IN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291012402","https://openalex.org/I4210163968"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohit Prajapati","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ladakh Regional Centre,G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment,Leh,India,194101"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ladakh Regional Centre,G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment,Leh,India,194101","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163968"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021203144","display_name":"Ashutosh Tiwari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3915-4053"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163968","display_name":"G.B. Pant Institute of Himalayan Environment and Development","ror":"https://ror.org/05ap9rf45","country_code":"IN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291012402","https://openalex.org/I4210163968"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ashutosh Tiwari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ladakh Regional Centre,G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment,Leh,India,194101"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ladakh Regional Centre,G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment,Leh,India,194101","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163968"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163968"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.19551282,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"156","last_page":"159"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10644","display_name":"Cryospheric studies and observations","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10644","display_name":"Cryospheric studies and observations","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13176","display_name":"Winter Sports Injuries and Performance","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10535","display_name":"Landslides and related hazards","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.7943170070648193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/massif","display_name":"Massif","score":0.7877078652381897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glacier","display_name":"Glacier","score":0.7874600887298584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glacier-mass-balance","display_name":"Glacier mass balance","score":0.6382763981819153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/altitude","display_name":"Altitude (triangle)","score":0.5567712187767029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geomorphology","display_name":"Geomorphology","score":0.5382823944091797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glacier-ice-accumulation","display_name":"Glacier ice accumulation","score":0.5229997038841248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ice-caps","display_name":"Ice caps","score":0.5183409452438354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/balance","display_name":"Balance (ability)","score":0.5026443004608154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glaciology","display_name":"Glaciology","score":0.4700034260749817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glacier-morphology","display_name":"Glacier morphology","score":0.4459743797779083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tidewater-glacier-cycle","display_name":"Tidewater glacier cycle","score":0.4441746175289154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-geography","display_name":"Physical geography","score":0.43768876791000366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geodesy","display_name":"Geodesy","score":0.41732552647590637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ice-stream","display_name":"Ice stream","score":0.38464847207069397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryosphere","display_name":"Cryosphere","score":0.2928817868232727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climatology","display_name":"Climatology","score":0.22626113891601562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/paleontology","display_name":"Paleontology","score":0.15099555253982544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.11859509348869324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sea-ice","display_name":"Sea ice","score":0.09878692030906677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tectonics","display_name":"Tectonics","score":0.08594202995300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.078473299741745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stratigraphy","display_name":"Stratigraphy","score":0.0604533851146698}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.7943170070648193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160776313","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1061151","display_name":"Massif","level":2,"score":0.7877078652381897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100834320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35666","display_name":"Glacier","level":2,"score":0.7874600887298584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127045886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3528741","display_name":"Glacier mass balance","level":3,"score":0.6382763981819153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6350597","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q339495","display_name":"Altitude (triangle)","level":2,"score":0.5567712187767029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114793014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52109","display_name":"Geomorphology","level":1,"score":0.5382823944091797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171289182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690578","display_name":"Glacier ice accumulation","level":5,"score":0.5229997038841248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992404166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q878077","display_name":"Ice caps","level":3,"score":0.5183409452438354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168031717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1530280","display_name":"Balance (ability)","level":2,"score":0.5026443004608154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107018473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52120","display_name":"Glaciology","level":4,"score":0.4700034260749817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104932425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2116384","display_name":"Glacier morphology","level":5,"score":0.4459743797779083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169511391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7800892","display_name":"Tidewater glacier cycle","level":5,"score":0.4441746175289154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100970517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52107","display_name":"Physical geography","level":1,"score":0.43768876791000366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.41732552647590637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81820708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2540532","display_name":"Ice stream","level":4,"score":0.38464847207069397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197435368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q493109","display_name":"Cryosphere","level":3,"score":0.2928817868232727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.22626113891601562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.15099555253982544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.11859509348869324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136894858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213926","display_name":"Sea ice","level":2,"score":0.09878692030906677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77928131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193343","display_name":"Tectonics","level":2,"score":0.08594202995300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.078473299741745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109281948","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q134783","display_name":"Stratigraphy","level":3,"score":0.0604533851146698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22641795","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868757","display_name":"Ice calving","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776659692","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q719426","display_name":"Lactation","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99508421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2678675","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779234561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11995","display_name":"Pregnancy","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/igarss53475.2024.10642257","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss53475.2024.10642257","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IGARSS 2024 - 2024 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6700000166893005,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2032098896","https://openalex.org/W2045927713","https://openalex.org/W2168601869","https://openalex.org/W2329073652","https://openalex.org/W2539105064","https://openalex.org/W2606639769","https://openalex.org/W3003669653","https://openalex.org/W3035311842","https://openalex.org/W3158099307"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4394761621","https://openalex.org/W1978756959","https://openalex.org/W3011053119","https://openalex.org/W2337786658","https://openalex.org/W228477130","https://openalex.org/W1994704913","https://openalex.org/W4240777464","https://openalex.org/W106585049","https://openalex.org/W2018257653","https://openalex.org/W2386950878"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1],"quantifies":[2],"area":[3,41,52],"changes":[4],"(1998-2023),":[5],"mass":[6,76],"balance":[7,77],"(2000-2018)":[8],"and":[9,183,191],"surface":[10],"ice":[11],"velocity":[12,141],"(1997/98-2022/23)":[13],"of":[14,69,162,181],"the":[15,23,45,67,118,151,168,174,178,194,198],"glaciers":[16,48,59,64,91,98,110,124,130],"(number":[17],"=52;":[18],"area=19.2":[19],"\u00b10.8":[20],"km2)":[21],"in":[22,44,127,137,150,197],"Rulung":[24,152],"Massif,":[25,153],"Ladakh,":[26],"India":[27],"using":[28],"remote":[29],"sensing":[30],"data":[31],"along":[32],"with":[33,61,86],"limited":[34],"field":[35],"validation.":[36],"Results":[37],"reveal":[38],"a":[39,156],"clear":[40],"loss":[42,53,72,88],"(4.9%)":[43],"region.":[46,200],"Small":[47],"have":[49],"shown":[50],"higher":[51,87],"(14.1%)":[54],"as":[55,106,108],"compared":[56],"to":[57,80,113,135],"large":[58,90,109,129],"(6.9%)":[60],"some":[62],"small":[63,97,105,123],"reaching":[65],"at":[66],"verge":[68],"extinction":[70],"(area":[71],"upto":[73],"79%).":[74],"Regional":[75],"was":[78],"estimated":[79],"be":[81,114],"\u22120.17":[82],"\u00b10.1":[83,93,100],"m":[84,94,101,164],"w.e/y":[85],"for":[89],"(\u22120.18":[92],"w.e./y)":[95],"than":[96],"(\u22120.15":[99],"w.e./y).":[102],"Hence,":[103],"both":[104],"well":[107],"are":[111,125,131],"found":[112],"losing":[115],"mass,":[116,139],"however,":[117],"mechanism":[119],"is":[120,170],"different.":[121],"While":[122],"shrinking":[126],"area,":[128],"thinning":[132],"vertically.":[133],"Due":[134],"reduction":[136],"glacier":[138,148,160,185],"average":[140],"has":[142,155],"also":[143],"reduced":[144],"by":[145],"11%.":[146],"The":[147],"depletion":[149,186],"which":[154],"very":[157],"high":[158,175],"mean":[159],"altitude":[161],"6072":[163],"asl,":[165],"highlights":[166],"that":[167],"warming":[169,182],"prevalent":[171],"even":[172],"over":[173],"altitudes.":[176],"If":[177],"present":[179],"pace":[180],"consequent":[184],"continues,":[187],"it":[188],"will":[189],"negatively":[190],"severely":[192],"affect":[193],"water":[195],"supply":[196],"Ladakh":[199]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}