{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4402261914","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss53475.2024.10642233","title":"The Difference Between Air and Surface Temperature in Urban Environments","display_name":"The Difference Between Air and Surface Temperature in Urban Environments","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-07-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4402261914","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss53475.2024.10642233"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/igarss53475.2024.10642233","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss53475.2024.10642233","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IGARSS 2024 - 2024 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108152575","display_name":"Kip Nielsen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146416000","display_name":"University of Kansas","ror":"https://ror.org/001tmjg57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146416000"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kip Nielsen","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Kansas,Department of Geography &#x0026; Atmospheric Science,Lawrence,KS,United States,66045"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Kansas,Department of Geography &#x0026; Atmospheric Science,Lawrence,KS,United States,66045","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146416000"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113368588","display_name":"Ashley Grey","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141810926","display_name":"Baruch College","ror":"https://ror.org/023qavy03","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141810926"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ashley Grey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Baruch College Campus High School,New York,NY,United States,10010"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Baruch College Campus High School,New York,NY,United States,10010","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141810926"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107013362","display_name":"Audrey Lofthouse","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100005738","display_name":"Brigham Young University","ror":"https://ror.org/047rhhm47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100005738"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Audrey Lofthouse","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brigham Young University,Department of Plant and Wildlife Sciences,Provo,UT,United States,84602"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brigham Young University,Department of Plant and Wildlife Sciences,Provo,UT,United States,84602","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100005738"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006052123","display_name":"S. K. Sharma","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31336631","display_name":"Brunswick (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03nwpr620","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31336631"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shaunak Sharma","raw_affiliation_strings":["South Brunswick High School,South Brunswick,NJ,United States,08852"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"South Brunswick High School,South Brunswick,NJ,United States,08852","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31336631"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108152576","display_name":"Taseen Islam","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142519","display_name":"MacAulay-Brown (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03vgy2486","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142519"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Taseen Islam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Macaulay Honors College,Department of Computer &#x0026; Information Sciences,New York,NY,United States,10023"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Macaulay Honors College,Department of Computer &#x0026; Information Sciences,New York,NY,United States,10023","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142519"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080025895","display_name":"H. Norouzi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0405-5108"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174216632","display_name":"City University of New York","ror":"https://ror.org/00453a208","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174216632"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76513827","display_name":"New York City College of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/021a7pw18","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76513827"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hamidreza Norouzi","raw_affiliation_strings":["City University of New York,New York City College of Technology,Brooklyn,NY,United States,11201"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"City University of New York,New York City College of Technology,Brooklyn,NY,United States,11201","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76513827","https://openalex.org/I174216632"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005015453","display_name":"Reginald Blake","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9974-0663"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174216632","display_name":"City University of New York","ror":"https://ror.org/00453a208","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174216632"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76513827","display_name":"New York City College of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/021a7pw18","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76513827"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Reginald Blake","raw_affiliation_strings":["City University of New York,New York City College of Technology,Brooklyn,NY,United States,11201"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"City University of New York,New York City College of Technology,Brooklyn,NY,United States,11201","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76513827","https://openalex.org/I174216632"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.12464645,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"4036","last_page":"4039"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10766","display_name":"Urban Heat Island Mitigation","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10766","display_name":"Urban Heat Island Mitigation","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11692","display_name":"Noise Effects and Management","score":0.992900013923645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3616","display_name":"Speech and Hearing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10121","display_name":"Building Energy and Comfort Optimization","score":0.9896000027656555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.5201119184494019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-heat-island","display_name":"Urban heat island","score":0.46761903166770935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/air-temperature","display_name":"Air temperature","score":0.4151766896247864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3573789596557617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.3307307958602905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.27348005771636963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-sciences","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","score":0.25336599349975586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.1708654761314392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.14145195484161377}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5201119184494019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54005896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215712","display_name":"Urban heat island","level":2,"score":0.46761903166770935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983363897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845339","display_name":"Air temperature","level":2,"score":0.4151766896247864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3573789596557617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.3307307958602905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.27348005771636963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91586092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","level":1,"score":0.25336599349975586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.1708654761314392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.14145195484161377}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/igarss53475.2024.10642233","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss53475.2024.10642233","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IGARSS 2024 - 2024 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8299999833106995,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1138192883","https://openalex.org/W1981939599","https://openalex.org/W2028529111","https://openalex.org/W2090976648","https://openalex.org/W2140892399","https://openalex.org/W2149185296","https://openalex.org/W2160518661","https://openalex.org/W2162063693","https://openalex.org/W2176391853","https://openalex.org/W2198515906","https://openalex.org/W2274407127","https://openalex.org/W2772529881","https://openalex.org/W2907470085","https://openalex.org/W2953356365","https://openalex.org/W4206524767"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W4246450666","https://openalex.org/W4388998267","https://openalex.org/W2898370298","https://openalex.org/W2137437058","https://openalex.org/W4390401159","https://openalex.org/W2744391499","https://openalex.org/W4225418846","https://openalex.org/W4229054681"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"difference":[1],"between":[2],"air":[3,36,45,61,105,114,123],"temperature":[4,8,46,62,115,124],"and":[5,30,35,79],"land":[6,142],"surface":[7],"(LST)":[9],"across":[10],"New":[11,52],"York":[12,53],"City":[13,54],"from":[14,60,97,127],"2003":[15],"to":[16,67,84,109,141],"2022":[17],"was":[18],"analyzed":[19],"using":[20],"Automated":[21],"Surface":[22],"Observing":[23],"Systems,":[24],"NASA\u2019s":[25],"Moderate":[26],"Resolution":[27],"Imaging":[28],"Spectroradiometer,":[29],"ground-based":[31],"measurements":[32],"of":[33,74,77,91,94],"LST":[34,43,56,112,119],"temperature.":[37],"Using":[38],"one-to-one":[39],"plots":[40],"that":[41],"compared":[42,66,83],"with":[44],"at":[47],"eight":[48],"stations":[49],"around":[50],"the":[51,58,64,68,72,89,135],"region,":[55],"differed":[57],"most":[59],"in":[63,80,130,137],"summer":[65],"winter":[69],"(slopes":[70,87],"on":[71,88],"order":[73,90],"0.5":[75],"instead":[76,93],"0.9)":[78],"urban":[81,131],"locations":[82,86],"sub-urban/rural":[85],"0.8":[92],"1.0).":[95],"Results":[96],"field":[98],"campaigns":[99],"yield":[100],"more":[101],"or":[102],"less":[103],"uniform":[104],"temperatures,":[106],"which":[107,133],"led":[108],"a":[110],"relaxed":[111],"vs.":[113],"slope.":[116],"More":[117],"broadley,":[118],"being":[120],"greater":[121],"than":[122],"likely":[125],"arises":[126],"anthropogenic":[128],"energy":[129],"environments,":[132],"highlights":[134],"importance":[136],"socioeconomic":[138],"decisions":[139],"relating":[140],"cover":[143],"type.":[144]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
