{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387829470","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss52108.2023.10282281","title":"Semi-Supervised Object Detection for Sorghum Panicles in UAV Imagery","display_name":"Semi-Supervised Object Detection for Sorghum Panicles in UAV Imagery","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-07-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387829470","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss52108.2023.10282281"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/igarss52108.2023.10282281","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss52108.2023.10282281","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IGARSS 2023 - 2023 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029289023","display_name":"Enyu Cai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6169-4673"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Enyu Cai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Purdue University,Video and Image Processing Laboratory (VIPER) School of Electrical and Computer Engineering,West Lafayette,Indiana,USA","Video and Image Processing Laboratory (VIPER) School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purdue University,Video and Image Processing Laboratory (VIPER) School of Electrical and Computer Engineering,West Lafayette,Indiana,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Video and Image Processing Laboratory (VIPER) School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036828711","display_name":"Jiaqi Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9124-3398"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiaqi Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Purdue University,Video and Image Processing Laboratory (VIPER) School of Electrical and Computer Engineering,West Lafayette,Indiana,USA","Video and Image Processing Laboratory (VIPER) School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purdue University,Video and Image Processing Laboratory (VIPER) School of Electrical and Computer Engineering,West Lafayette,Indiana,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Video and Image Processing Laboratory (VIPER) School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104122677","display_name":"Changye Yang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Changye Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Purdue University,Video and Image Processing Laboratory (VIPER) School of Electrical and Computer Engineering,West Lafayette,Indiana,USA","Video and Image Processing Laboratory (VIPER) School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purdue University,Video and Image Processing Laboratory (VIPER) School of Electrical and Computer Engineering,West Lafayette,Indiana,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Video and Image Processing Laboratory (VIPER) School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089688702","display_name":"Edward J. Delp","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2909-7323"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Edward J. Delp","raw_affiliation_strings":["Purdue University,Video and Image Processing Laboratory (VIPER) School of Electrical and Computer Engineering,West Lafayette,Indiana,USA","Video and Image Processing Laboratory (VIPER) School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purdue University,Video and Image Processing Laboratory (VIPER) School of Electrical and Computer Engineering,West Lafayette,Indiana,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Video and Image Processing Laboratory (VIPER) School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"6482","last_page":"6485"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10616","display_name":"Smart Agriculture and AI","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10616","display_name":"Smart Agriculture and AI","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9901000261306763,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9768000245094299,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/panicle","display_name":"Panicle","score":0.9465795159339905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sorghum","display_name":"Sorghum","score":0.8804758191108704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.618482768535614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6106774806976318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-detection","display_name":"Object detection","score":0.5083672404289246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trait","display_name":"Trait","score":0.5017457008361816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.472688227891922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.4278397560119629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.37350332736968994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.33462637662887573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agronomy","display_name":"Agronomy","score":0.29545122385025024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.09267988801002502}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75337361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148600","display_name":"Panicle","level":2,"score":0.9465795159339905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778157034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12111","display_name":"Sorghum","level":2,"score":0.8804758191108704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.618482768535614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6106774806976318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.5083672404289246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106934330","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1971873","display_name":"Trait","level":2,"score":0.5017457008361816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.472688227891922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.4278397560119629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.37350332736968994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.33462637662887573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.29545122385025024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.09267988801002502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/igarss52108.2023.10282281","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss52108.2023.10282281","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IGARSS 2023 - 2023 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.5899999737739563}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/01bj3aw27"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332815","display_name":"Advanced Research Projects Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/02caytj08"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W639708223","https://openalex.org/W1861492603","https://openalex.org/W1995711721","https://openalex.org/W2108358988","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2293363371","https://openalex.org/W2318028062","https://openalex.org/W2622862709","https://openalex.org/W2978426779","https://openalex.org/W3001197829","https://openalex.org/W3021542222","https://openalex.org/W3082964614","https://openalex.org/W3130976481","https://openalex.org/W3172507542","https://openalex.org/W3206856131","https://openalex.org/W4321275084","https://openalex.org/W6681588610","https://openalex.org/W6687483927","https://openalex.org/W6762913911","https://openalex.org/W6773005947","https://openalex.org/W6776778719","https://openalex.org/W6789505266","https://openalex.org/W6849927935","https://openalex.org/W6893711219"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2580715149","https://openalex.org/W3211066430","https://openalex.org/W2058245120","https://openalex.org/W2362734935","https://openalex.org/W2362505604","https://openalex.org/W2394255463","https://openalex.org/W4246038743","https://openalex.org/W2055633927","https://openalex.org/W4292830139","https://openalex.org/W4319309705"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,40],"sorghum":[1,17,66,83],"panicle":[2,67,84],"is":[3,43],"an":[4,56],"important":[5],"trait":[6],"related":[7],"to":[8,58],"grain":[9],"yield":[10],"and":[11,15,45],"plant":[12,24],"development.":[13],"Detecting":[14],"counting":[16],"panicles":[18,32],"can":[19,75],"provide":[20],"significant":[21],"information":[22],"for":[23,31,48,65,82],"phenotyping.":[25],"Current":[26],"deep-learning-based":[27],"object":[28],"detection":[29,68,85],"methods":[30,81],"require":[33],"a":[34],"large":[35],"amount":[36,61],"of":[37,62,90],"training":[38,63,92],"data.":[39,93],"data":[41,64],"labeling":[42],"time-consuming":[44],"not":[46],"feasible":[47],"real":[49],"application.":[50],"In":[51],"this":[52],"paper,":[53],"we":[54,74],"present":[55],"approach":[57],"reduce":[59],"the":[60],"via":[69],"semi-supervised":[70],"learning.":[71],"Results":[72],"show":[73],"achieve":[76],"similar":[77],"performance":[78],"as":[79],"supervised":[80],"by":[86],"only":[87],"using":[88],"10%":[89],"original":[91]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}