{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3206580840","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss47720.2021.9554198","title":"An Active Learning Tool for the Generation of Earth Observation Image Benchmarks","display_name":"An Active Learning Tool for the Generation of Earth Observation Image Benchmarks","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-07-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3206580840","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss47720.2021.9554198","mag":"3206580840"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/igarss47720.2021.9554198","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss47720.2021.9554198","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101646920","display_name":"Wei Yao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7488-5997"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wei Yao","raw_affiliation_strings":["EO Data Science, Remote Sensing Technology Institute, German Aerospace Center (DLR), We\u00dfling, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"EO Data Science, Remote Sensing Technology Institute, German Aerospace Center (DLR), We\u00dfling, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038250580","display_name":"Octavian Dumitru","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Octavian Dumitru","raw_affiliation_strings":["EO Data Science, Remote Sensing Technology Institute, German Aerospace Center (DLR), We\u00dfling, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"EO Data Science, Remote Sensing Technology Institute, German Aerospace Center (DLR), We\u00dfling, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032370631","display_name":"Mihai Datcu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3477-9687"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mihai Datcu","raw_affiliation_strings":["EO Data Science, Remote Sensing Technology Institute, German Aerospace Center (DLR), We\u00dfling, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"EO Data Science, Remote Sensing Technology Institute, German Aerospace Center (DLR), We\u00dfling, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101646920"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1247,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.49824773,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"5720","last_page":"5723"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.984499990940094,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.984499990940094,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9817000031471252,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12205","display_name":"Time Series Analysis and Forecasting","score":0.979200005531311,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.8955813646316528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7786659002304077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.666611909866333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dimension","display_name":"Dimension (graph theory)","score":0.6460699439048767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dimensionality-reduction","display_name":"Dimensionality reduction","score":0.603872537612915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/active-learning","display_name":"Active learning (machine learning)","score":0.578654408454895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.554906964302063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5509554147720337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unsupervised-learning","display_name":"Unsupervised learning","score":0.49121683835983276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.46646061539649963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3383520543575287}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.8955813646316528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7786659002304077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.666611909866333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33676613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13415176","display_name":"Dimension (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.6460699439048767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70518039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16000077","display_name":"Dimensionality reduction","level":2,"score":0.603872537612915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77967617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4677561","display_name":"Active learning (machine learning)","level":2,"score":0.578654408454895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.554906964302063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5509554147720337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8038995","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1152135","display_name":"Unsupervised learning","level":2,"score":0.49121683835983276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.46646061539649963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3383520543575287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/igarss47720.2021.9554198","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss47720.2021.9554198","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:elib.dlr.de:144441","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss47720.2021.9554198>.","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196266","display_name":"elib (German Aerospace Center)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","host_organization_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7898417379","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"H2020-825258","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333065","funder_display_name":"Seventh Framework Programme"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333065","display_name":"Seventh Framework Programme","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W54952008","https://openalex.org/W2149140633","https://openalex.org/W2762294195","https://openalex.org/W2786672974","https://openalex.org/W2986943971","https://openalex.org/W3000436394","https://openalex.org/W3016519295","https://openalex.org/W6602260651"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2378211422","https://openalex.org/W4321353415","https://openalex.org/W2745001401","https://openalex.org/W2130974462","https://openalex.org/W2028665553","https://openalex.org/W2086519370","https://openalex.org/W4246352526","https://openalex.org/W2121910908","https://openalex.org/W915438175","https://openalex.org/W4390806283"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,16],"paper":[1],"describes":[2],"an":[3],"active":[4,27],"learning":[5,28],"tool":[6,17,41],"for":[7,63],"the":[8,59],"generation":[9],"of":[10,34],"Earth":[11],"Observation":[12],"(EO)":[13],"benchmark":[14,60,65],"datasets.":[15],"is":[18,42,71],"able":[19],"to":[20,46,55,79,87,104],"generate":[21],"training":[22],"datasets,":[23],"based":[24],"on":[25],"its":[26],"strategy":[29],"with":[30,93],"a":[31,38,52],"classification":[32],"accuracy":[33],"around":[35],"90%.":[36],"Afterwards,":[37],"data":[39,49,68],"cleaning":[40,69],"needed,":[43],"in":[44,58,90,101],"order":[45],"correct":[47],"noisy":[48],"and":[50,62,83,109],"provide":[51],"clean":[53],"dataset":[54],"be":[56],"stored":[57],"database,":[61],"subsequent":[64],"verification.":[66],"The":[67],"procedure":[70],"supported":[72],"by":[73],"unsupervised":[74],"learning,":[75],"using":[76],"clustering":[77],"algorithms":[78,86],"group":[80],"similar":[81],"patterns,":[82],"dimension":[84,92],"reduction":[85],"embed":[88],"them":[89],"lower":[91],"annotated":[94],"labels.":[95],"Moreover,":[96],"interactive":[97],"visualizations":[98],"are":[99],"implemented":[100],"most":[102],"modules":[103],"help":[105],"better":[106,111],"manipulate":[107],"datasets":[108],"get":[110],"understandings.":[112]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}