{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3207820256","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss47720.2021.9553859","title":"An Unsupervised Change Detection Technique Based on a Super-Resolution Convolutional Autoencoder","display_name":"An Unsupervised Change Detection Technique Based on a Super-Resolution Convolutional Autoencoder","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-07-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3207820256","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss47720.2021.9553859","mag":"3207820256"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/igarss47720.2021.9553859","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss47720.2021.9553859","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022271121","display_name":"Luca Bergamasco","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7815-9001"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2277624104","display_name":"Fondazione Bruno Kessler","ror":"https://ror.org/01j33xk10","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2277624104"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193223587","display_name":"University of Trento","ror":"https://ror.org/05trd4x28","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Luca Bergamasco","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Trento, Italy","University of Trento, Trento, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Trento, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2277624104"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Trento, Trento, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059817836","display_name":"Luca Martinatti","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193223587","display_name":"University of Trento","ror":"https://ror.org/05trd4x28","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luca Martinatti","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Trento, Trento, Italy","University of Trento, trento, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Trento, Trento, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Trento, trento, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087668203","display_name":"Francesca Bovolo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3104-7656"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2277624104","display_name":"Fondazione Bruno Kessler","ror":"https://ror.org/01j33xk10","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2277624104"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francesca Bovolo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Trento, Italy","Fondazione Bruno Kessler Trento Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Trento, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2277624104"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fondazione Bruno Kessler Trento Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2277624104"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006095323","display_name":"Lorenzo Bruzzone","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6036-459X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193223587","display_name":"University of Trento","ror":"https://ror.org/05trd4x28","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lorenzo Bruzzone","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Trento, Trento, Italy","University of Trento, trento, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Trento, Trento, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Trento, trento, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5022271121"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193223587","https://openalex.org/I2277624104"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0082,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79565347,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"3337","last_page":"3340"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11659","display_name":"Advanced Image Fusion Techniques","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autoencoder","display_name":"Autoencoder","score":0.8957586288452148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7385178804397583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7353991866111755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.7177355885505676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/change-detection","display_name":"Change detection","score":0.5370226502418518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.5296342968940735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.5233066082000732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.5125653743743896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unsupervised-learning","display_name":"Unsupervised learning","score":0.49832940101623535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4774668514728546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.4526689648628235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-selection","display_name":"Feature selection","score":0.44074875116348267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/similarity","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","score":0.42853233218193054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.2286871373653412}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101738243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786435","display_name":"Autoencoder","level":3,"score":0.8957586288452148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7385178804397583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7353991866111755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.7177355885505676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203595873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25389927","display_name":"Change detection","level":2,"score":0.5370226502418518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.5296342968940735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.5233066082000732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.5125653743743896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8038995","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1152135","display_name":"Unsupervised learning","level":2,"score":0.49832940101623535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4774668514728546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.4526689648628235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148483581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q446488","display_name":"Feature selection","level":2,"score":0.44074875116348267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103278499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254465","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","level":3,"score":0.42853233218193054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2286871373653412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/igarss47720.2021.9553859","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss47720.2021.9553859","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unitn.it:11572/322396","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11572/322396","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401913","display_name":"Institutional Research Information System (Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Trento)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I193223587","host_organization_name":"University of Trento","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2111320133","https://openalex.org/W2133059825","https://openalex.org/W2152185773","https://openalex.org/W2331128040","https://openalex.org/W2751993439","https://openalex.org/W2980068277","https://openalex.org/W3093906643","https://openalex.org/W6702130928","https://openalex.org/W6784371880"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W17155033","https://openalex.org/W3013693939","https://openalex.org/W3207760230","https://openalex.org/W1496222301","https://openalex.org/W2566616303","https://openalex.org/W2806873178","https://openalex.org/W2965146396","https://openalex.org/W2770818364","https://openalex.org/W4404095322","https://openalex.org/W4312416532"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Deep":[0],"Learning":[1],"(DL)":[2],"methods":[3,23],"are":[4],"widely":[5],"used":[6],"for":[7,80],"Change":[8],"Detection":[9],"(CD)":[10],"in":[11],"multi-temporal":[12],"Remote":[13],"Sensing":[14],"(RS)":[15],"images.":[16],"The":[17,105,126],"recently":[18],"reported":[19],"unsupervised":[20,86],"DL":[21,41,87],"CD":[22,88],"alleviate":[24],"the":[25,28,33,40,53,58,67,75,92,109,116,123,135,158],"problem":[26],"of":[27,37,77,148,164],"labeled":[29],"data":[30],"collection":[31],"affecting":[32],"supervised":[34],"ones.":[35],"Many":[36],"them":[38],"exploit":[39],"models":[42],"(e.g.,":[43],"Convolutional":[44],"Autoencoder":[45],"(CAE))":[46],"as":[47],"a":[48,96,100,130,142,162,169],"feature":[49,131],"extractor":[50],"and":[51,70,145],"use":[52],"retrieved":[54],"features":[55,62,79,93,121,150],"to":[56,111,114,140],"detect":[57],"changes.":[59,155],"However,":[60],"these":[61],"do":[63,72],"not":[64,73],"efficiently":[65],"preserve":[66],"geometrical":[68,124],"details,":[69],"they":[71],"optimize":[74],"selection":[76,132],"informative":[78],"change":[81],"detection.":[82],"We":[83,156],"propose":[84],"an":[85],"method":[89,128,160],"that":[90],"exploits":[91,129],"extracted":[94],"by":[95],"CAE":[97,110],"trained":[98,113],"with":[99],"super-resolution":[101],"based":[102,133],"loss":[103,106],"function.":[104],"function":[107],"allows":[108],"be":[112],"reconstruct":[115],"spatial":[117],"information":[118,153],"thus":[119],"generating":[120],"preserving":[122],"details.":[125],"proposed":[127,159],"on":[134,161],"Structured":[136],"Similarity":[137],"Index":[138],"(SSIM)":[139],"perform":[141],"texture":[143],"analysis":[144],"chooses":[146],"couples":[147],"bi-temporal":[149,165],"providing":[151],"relevant":[152],"about":[154],"tested":[157],"couple":[163],"Landsat-8":[166],"images":[167],"representing":[168],"burned":[170],"area":[171],"near":[172],"Granada,":[173],"Spain.":[174]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
