{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4312339562","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss46834.2022.9884760","title":"Image Enhancement of 3-D SAR via U-Net Framework","display_name":"Image Enhancement of 3-D SAR via U-Net Framework","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-07-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4312339562","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss46834.2022.9884760"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/igarss46834.2022.9884760","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss46834.2022.9884760","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363604196","display_name":"IGARSS 2022 - 2022 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IGARSS 2022 - 2022 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108355273","display_name":"Rong Shen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2620-1439"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rong Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,Chengdu,P.R. China,611731"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,Chengdu,P.R. China,611731","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080246113","display_name":"Shunjun Wei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8091-9540"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shunjun Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,Chengdu,P.R. China,611731"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,Chengdu,P.R. China,611731","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085219515","display_name":"Zichen Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0249-8423"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zichen Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,Chengdu,P.R. China,611731"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,Chengdu,P.R. China,611731","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009641784","display_name":"Jiadian Liang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6121-3080"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiadian Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,Chengdu,P.R. China,611731"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,Chengdu,P.R. China,611731","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100385993","display_name":"Xiaoling Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2343-3055"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoling Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,Chengdu,P.R. China,611731"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,Chengdu,P.R. China,611731","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066834799","display_name":"Jun Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7676-8380"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,Chengdu,P.R. China,611731"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,Chengdu,P.R. China,611731","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4623,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72863436,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"947","last_page":"950"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10688","display_name":"Image and Signal Denoising Methods","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10688","display_name":"Image and Signal Denoising Methods","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11105","display_name":"Advanced Image Processing Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.7347744107246399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6939061880111694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deconvolution","display_name":"Deconvolution","score":0.6360079050064087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pooling","display_name":"Pooling","score":0.6357524394989014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.585661768913269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mean-squared-error","display_name":"Mean squared error","score":0.5536891222000122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.5276134014129639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.4956470727920532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.4637821912765503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-imaging","display_name":"Radar imaging","score":0.4544426202774048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.42884016036987305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sampling","display_name":"Sampling (signal processing)","score":0.4272818863391876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-quality","display_name":"Image quality","score":0.4222200810909271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4163006544113159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3798361122608185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.32318273186683655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.2691664695739746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.213764488697052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.10783541202545166}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.7347744107246399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6939061880111694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174576160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1183700","display_name":"Deconvolution","level":2,"score":0.6360079050064087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70437156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7228652","display_name":"Pooling","level":2,"score":0.6357524394989014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.585661768913269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139945424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940696","display_name":"Mean squared error","level":2,"score":0.5536891222000122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.5276134014129639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.4956470727920532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4637821912765503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10929652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7279985","display_name":"Radar imaging","level":3,"score":0.4544426202774048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.42884016036987305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140779682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210868","display_name":"Sampling (signal processing)","level":3,"score":0.4272818863391876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55020928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3813865","display_name":"Image quality","level":3,"score":0.4222200810909271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4163006544113159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3798361122608185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.32318273186683655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.2691664695739746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.213764488697052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.10783541202545166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/igarss46834.2022.9884760","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss46834.2022.9884760","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363604196","display_name":"IGARSS 2022 - 2022 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IGARSS 2022 - 2022 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.4300000071525574}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2138204001","https://openalex.org/W2508457857","https://openalex.org/W2534576299","https://openalex.org/W2613155248","https://openalex.org/W3109229637","https://openalex.org/W3190238140","https://openalex.org/W3198891199","https://openalex.org/W3202465224","https://openalex.org/W3206495704"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2396448385","https://openalex.org/W2545123933","https://openalex.org/W2585813813","https://openalex.org/W2041414401","https://openalex.org/W2042726296","https://openalex.org/W2096748030","https://openalex.org/W3016428515","https://openalex.org/W2160730947","https://openalex.org/W2747205507","https://openalex.org/W2917196883"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Image":[0],"resolution":[1],"is":[2,70],"the":[3,7,80,85,90,93,97,106,116,119,125],"key":[4],"point":[5],"for":[6,26,53],"3-D":[8,27,54],"synthetic":[9],"aperture":[10],"radar":[11],"(SAR)":[12],"application,":[13],"especially":[14],"in":[15,34,63],"small-scale":[16],"scene":[17],"observation.":[18],"The":[19,58,121],"traditional":[20,129],"filter-based":[21,130],"image":[22,56,61],"enhancement":[23],"algorithms":[24],"used":[25],"SAR":[28,55],"may":[29],"suffer":[30],"from":[31],"quality":[32],"degeneration":[33],"case":[35],"of":[36,118],"parameter":[37],"mismatch.":[38],"This":[39],"paper":[40],"proposes":[41],"a":[42],"robust":[43],"and":[44,66,75,96,112],"efficient":[45],"convolutional":[46],"neural":[47],"network":[48],"(CNN)":[49],"based":[50],"U-net":[51,59,126],"framework":[52],"enhancement.":[57],"extracts":[60],"features":[62],"down":[64],"sampling":[65],"up":[67],"sampling,":[68],"which":[69],"realized":[71],"by":[72],"max":[73],"pooling":[74],"deconvolution":[76],"layers.":[77],"We":[78],"use":[79],"mean":[81],"square":[82],"error(MSE)":[83],"as":[84],"loss":[86],"function":[87],"to":[88,104],"estimate":[89],"difference":[91],"between":[92],"predicted":[94],"images":[95],"label,":[98],"while":[99],"Adam":[100],"optimizer":[101],"updates":[102],"parameters":[103],"achieve":[105],"global":[107],"minimum":[108],"MSE.":[109],"Both":[110],"simulation":[111],"measured":[113],"data":[114],"verify":[115],"effectiveness":[117],"network.":[120],"results":[122],"demonstrate":[123],"that":[124],"outperform":[127],"some":[128],"algorithms.":[131]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
