{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4312915480","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss46834.2022.9883404","title":"Modified Two-Scale Model for Better Prediction of the Up/Down Wind Asymmetry in Radar Backscattering from the Ocean Surface","display_name":"Modified Two-Scale Model for Better Prediction of the Up/Down Wind Asymmetry in Radar Backscattering from the Ocean Surface","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-07-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4312915480","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss46834.2022.9883404"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/igarss46834.2022.9883404","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss46834.2022.9883404","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363604196","display_name":"IGARSS 2022 - 2022 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IGARSS 2022 - 2022 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085256849","display_name":"Yuqi Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4534-4336"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162190","display_name":"China University of Petroleum, East China","ror":"https://ror.org/05gbn2817","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162190"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuqi Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Oceanography and Space Informatics, China University of Petroleum,Qingdao,China,266580"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Oceanography and Space Informatics, China University of Petroleum,Qingdao,China,266580","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162190"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072563820","display_name":"Chenqing Fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8719-3615"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I211433327","display_name":"Ministry of Natural Resources","ror":"https://ror.org/02kxqx159","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I211433327","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114556","display_name":"First Institute of Oceanography","ror":"https://ror.org/01y34t753","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I211433327","https://openalex.org/I4210114556","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chenqing Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources,Qingdao,China,266061"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources,Qingdao,China,266061","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I211433327","https://openalex.org/I4210114556"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053849835","display_name":"Qiushuang Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9185-3743"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162190","display_name":"China University of Petroleum, East China","ror":"https://ror.org/05gbn2817","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162190"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiushuang Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Oceanography and Space Informatics, China University of Petroleum,Qingdao,China,266580"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Oceanography and Space Informatics, China University of Petroleum,Qingdao,China,266580","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162190"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100436722","display_name":"Jie Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2635-7783"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I211433327","display_name":"Ministry of Natural Resources","ror":"https://ror.org/02kxqx159","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I211433327","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114556","display_name":"First Institute of Oceanography","ror":"https://ror.org/01y34t753","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I211433327","https://openalex.org/I4210114556","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162190","display_name":"China University of Petroleum, East China","ror":"https://ror.org/05gbn2817","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162190"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Oceanography and Space Informatics, China University of Petroleum,Qingdao,China,266580","First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Oceanography and Space Informatics, China University of Petroleum,Qingdao,China,266580","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162190"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I211433327","https://openalex.org/I4210114556"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":null,"first_page":"1991","last_page":"1994"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11061","display_name":"Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11061","display_name":"Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11459","display_name":"Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10255","display_name":"Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scatterometer","display_name":"Scatterometer","score":0.8073583245277405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backscatter","display_name":"Backscatter (email)","score":0.7425274848937988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/skewness","display_name":"Skewness","score":0.6648234128952026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.6220470666885376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.49052661657333374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wind-speed","display_name":"Wind speed","score":0.4789760112762451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.47643738985061646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-cross-section","display_name":"Radar cross-section","score":0.457160621881485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.45308247208595276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.4268532395362854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/root-mean-square","display_name":"Root mean square","score":0.41481924057006836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.37793296575546265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.28263819217681885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.19931012392044067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.162225604057312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.16101840138435364}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776212561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905295","display_name":"Scatterometer","level":3,"score":0.8073583245277405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30354325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204667","display_name":"Backscatter (email)","level":3,"score":0.7425274848937988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122342681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q330828","display_name":"Skewness","level":2,"score":0.6648234128952026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.6220470666885376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.49052661657333374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161067210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1464943","display_name":"Wind speed","level":2,"score":0.4789760112762451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.47643738985061646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101457746","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q560430","display_name":"Radar cross-section","level":3,"score":0.457160621881485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.45308247208595276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.4268532395362854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71907059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223323","display_name":"Root mean square","level":2,"score":0.41481924057006836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.37793296575546265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.28263819217681885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.19931012392044067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.162225604057312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.16101840138435364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/igarss46834.2022.9883404","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss46834.2022.9883404","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363604196","display_name":"IGARSS 2022 - 2022 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IGARSS 2022 - 2022 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life below water","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","score":0.8700000047683716}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3746249810","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61931025","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1679669278","https://openalex.org/W1968621060","https://openalex.org/W2011280176","https://openalex.org/W2058941237","https://openalex.org/W2065193377","https://openalex.org/W2093761294","https://openalex.org/W2100807107","https://openalex.org/W2108609828","https://openalex.org/W2115296282","https://openalex.org/W2126369707","https://openalex.org/W2139194027","https://openalex.org/W2148781378","https://openalex.org/W2982601833","https://openalex.org/W6637354829"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2189529952","https://openalex.org/W1589762804","https://openalex.org/W2546488237","https://openalex.org/W2070850297","https://openalex.org/W2146056128","https://openalex.org/W2113437624","https://openalex.org/W3130749594","https://openalex.org/W2566865967","https://openalex.org/W2054436446","https://openalex.org/W2046463752"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,45,83,99],"upwind-downwind":[1],"asymmetry":[2],"in":[3,48,91],"radar":[4,31,113],"return":[5],"from":[6],"the":[7,23,30,41,49,56,69,77,87,96,105,108,118],"sea":[8,43],"surface":[9],"is":[10,52,72],"well":[11],"known.":[12],"This":[13],"paper":[14],"develops":[15],"a":[16],"modified":[17,50,70,100],"two-scale":[18],"model":[19,51,57,71,88,101],"to":[20,58],"better":[21],"describe":[22,104],"difference":[24,106,122],"between":[25,107],"upwind":[26,109],"and":[27,76,110],"downwind":[28,111],"of":[29,40,130],"backscatter":[32,81],"at":[33,60],"moderate":[34],"incidence":[35,62],"angles":[36,63],"caused":[37],"by":[38,54],"skewness":[39],"non-Gaussian":[42],"surface.":[44],"unknown":[46],"parameter":[47],"estimated":[53],"fitting":[55],"CMOD5.n":[59,75],"different":[61],"under":[64],"various":[65],"wind":[66],"conditions.":[67],"Then":[68],"compared":[73,127],"with":[74,95,117,128],"advanced":[78],"scatterometer":[79],"(ASCAT)":[80],"measurements.":[82],"results":[84],"show":[85],"that":[86,129],"predictions":[89],"are":[90],"rather":[92],"good":[93],"agreement":[94],"reference":[97],"data.":[98],"can":[102],"accurately":[103],"normalized":[112],"cross":[114],"section":[115],"(NRCS)":[116],"root":[119],"mean":[120],"square":[121],"being":[123],"about":[124],"0.02":[125],"dB":[126],"CMOD5.n.":[131]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}