{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3129602410","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss39084.2020.9323106","title":"Machine-Learning Based Retrieval of Soil Moisture at High Spatio-Temporal Scales Using CYGNSS and SMAP Observations","display_name":"Machine-Learning Based Retrieval of Soil Moisture at High Spatio-Temporal Scales Using CYGNSS and SMAP Observations","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-09-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3129602410","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss39084.2020.9323106","mag":"3129602410"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/igarss39084.2020.9323106","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss39084.2020.9323106","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IGARSS 2020 - 2020 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091271727","display_name":"Fangni Lei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0201-7717"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99041443","display_name":"Mississippi State University","ror":"https://ror.org/0432jq872","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210141039","https://openalex.org/I99041443"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Fangni Lei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mississippi State University, MS, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mississippi State University, MS, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99041443"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034104279","display_name":"Volkan Senyurek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4446-4977"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99041443","display_name":"Mississippi State University","ror":"https://ror.org/0432jq872","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210141039","https://openalex.org/I99041443"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Volkan Senyurek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mississippi State University, MS, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mississippi State University, MS, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99041443"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065532859","display_name":"Mehmet Kurum","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5750-9014"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99041443","display_name":"Mississippi State University","ror":"https://ror.org/0432jq872","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210141039","https://openalex.org/I99041443"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mehmet Kurum","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mississippi State University, MS, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mississippi State University, MS, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99041443"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036752295","display_name":"Ali Cafer G\u00fcrb\u00fcz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8923-0299"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99041443","display_name":"Mississippi State University","ror":"https://ror.org/0432jq872","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210141039","https://openalex.org/I99041443"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali Gurbuz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mississippi State University, MS, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mississippi State University, MS, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99041443"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056355204","display_name":"Robert Moorhead","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4642-7873"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99041443","display_name":"Mississippi State University","ror":"https://ror.org/0432jq872","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210141039","https://openalex.org/I99041443"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert Moorhead","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mississippi State University, MS, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mississippi State University, MS, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99041443"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000389436","display_name":"Dylan Boyd","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1110-2454"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99041443","display_name":"Mississippi State University","ror":"https://ror.org/0432jq872","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210141039","https://openalex.org/I99041443"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dylan Boyd","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mississippi State University, MS, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mississippi State University, MS, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99041443"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5091271727"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99041443"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2856,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.56081585,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"4470","last_page":"4473"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11234","display_name":"Precipitation Measurement and Analysis","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9501000046730042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.706305205821991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-content","display_name":"Water content","score":0.7051578760147095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.5774955749511719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.5740014314651489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gnss-applications","display_name":"GNSS applications","score":0.4652351438999176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite-system","display_name":"Satellite system","score":0.4637274146080017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-science","display_name":"Soil science","score":0.34355223178863525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.12915286421775818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.060903400182724}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.706305205821991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24939127","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q373499","display_name":"Water content","level":2,"score":0.7051578760147095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.5774955749511719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.5740014314651489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14279187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5514012","display_name":"GNSS applications","level":3,"score":0.4652351438999176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778027091","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25346003","display_name":"Satellite system","level":4,"score":0.4637274146080017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159390177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9161265","display_name":"Soil science","level":1,"score":0.34355223178863525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.12915286421775818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.060903400182724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/igarss39084.2020.9323106","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss39084.2020.9323106","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IGARSS 2020 - 2020 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2068806005","https://openalex.org/W2147241431","https://openalex.org/W2308425384","https://openalex.org/W2762180336","https://openalex.org/W2802220396","https://openalex.org/W2885395251","https://openalex.org/W2886854197","https://openalex.org/W2912094294","https://openalex.org/W2916909768","https://openalex.org/W2944709770","https://openalex.org/W2978354175","https://openalex.org/W3015987273"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2606296569","https://openalex.org/W2375040471","https://openalex.org/W2068158190","https://openalex.org/W2916802843","https://openalex.org/W2064660797","https://openalex.org/W4387714868","https://openalex.org/W2071552392","https://openalex.org/W20579766","https://openalex.org/W2601478304","https://openalex.org/W4396749081"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"High":[0],"spatio-temporal":[1],"soil":[2,26,50,81,103,123,158,182,196,231],"moisture":[3,27,51,82,104,124,159,183,197,232],"is":[4,222],"critical":[5],"for":[6,78,101],"the":[7,39,64,75,136,140,180,204,208,246],"understanding":[8],"of":[9,72,169,203,212],"land-atmosphere":[10],"interactions":[11],"and":[12,16,33,58,69,121,154,186,226,240],"affects":[13],"meteorological,":[14],"hydrological":[15],"agricultural":[17],"applications.":[18],"Currently,":[19],"most":[20],"satellite-based":[21],"microwave":[22],"sensors":[23],"provide":[24],"global":[25,122,209],"retrievals":[28],"at":[29,55,236],"~40":[30],"km":[31,238],"spatial":[32,57,239],"2-3":[34],"days":[35,242],"temporal":[36,59,243],"resolution.":[37],"Using":[38],"forward":[40],"scattered":[41],"L-band":[42],"Global":[43,107],"Navigation":[44,108],"Satellite":[45,109],"System":[46,110],"(GNSS)":[47],"signals,":[48,74],"surface":[49,67,80,149],"can":[52,233],"be":[53,234],"estimated":[54],"higher":[56],"scales.":[60],"However,":[61],"due":[62],"to":[63],"complex":[65],"land":[66,148],"characteristics":[68],"bistatic":[70],"nature":[71],"GNSS":[73,84],"retrieval":[76],"algorithms":[77],"deriving":[79],"from":[83,105,116,126,184],"signals":[85],"are":[86],"still":[87],"under":[88],"development.":[89],"In":[90,143],"this":[91],"work,":[92],"a":[93,156,190,200],"machine":[94],"learning":[95],"(ML)":[96],"algorithm":[97],"has":[98,165],"been":[99,133,152],"used":[100],"estimating":[102],"Cyclone":[106],"(CYGNSS)":[111],"measurements.":[112],"The":[113,162],"in-situ":[114,187],"data":[115,125,138],"International":[117],"Soil":[118,127],"Moisture":[119,128],"Network":[120],"Active":[129],"Passive":[130],"(SMAP)":[131],"have":[132,151],"deployed":[134],"as":[135],"reference":[137],"in":[139,189],"ML":[141,228],"algorithm.":[142],"particular,":[144],"various":[145],"remote":[146],"sensing-based":[147],"parameters":[150],"included":[153],"facilitate":[155],"robust":[157],"retrieving":[160],"process.":[161],"proposed":[163],"approach":[164],"achieved":[166],"an":[167],"ubRMSD":[168,211],"0.0523":[170],"m":[171,214],"<sup":[172,176,215,219],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[173,177,216,220],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">3</sup>":[174,178,217,221],"/m":[175,218],"between":[179,224],"retrieved":[181,235],"CYGNSS":[185,227],"measurements":[188],"5-fold":[191],"cross-validation":[192],"over":[193],"129":[194],"ground-based":[195],"sites,":[198],"suggesting":[199],"satisfactory":[201],"performance":[202],"ML-based":[205],"approach.":[206],"Moreover,":[207],"median":[210],"0.042":[213],"obtained":[223],"SMAP":[225],"predictions.":[229],"Surface":[230],"~9":[237],"1-2":[241],"scales":[244],"through":[245],"presented":[247],"framework.":[248]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}