{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2985030436","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2019.8899795","title":"3D Semantic Segmentation from Multi-View Optical Satellite Images","display_name":"3D Semantic Segmentation from Multi-View Optical Satellite Images","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2985030436","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2019.8899795","mag":"2985030436"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/igarss.2019.8899795","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2019.8899795","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IGARSS 2019 - 2019 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008273122","display_name":"Pablo d\u2019Angelo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8541-3856"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Pablo d'Angelo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Remote Sensing Technology Institute, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Oberpfaffenhofen"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing Technology Institute, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Oberpfaffenhofen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025645005","display_name":"Ksenia Bittner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4048-3583"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ksenia Bittner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Remote Sensing Technology Institute, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Oberpfaffenhofen"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing Technology Institute, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Oberpfaffenhofen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101901983","display_name":"Thomas Krau\u00df","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6004-1435"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Krauss","raw_affiliation_strings":["Remote Sensing Technology Institute, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Oberpfaffenhofen"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing Technology Institute, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Oberpfaffenhofen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052386553","display_name":"Peter Reinartz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8122-1475"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Reinartz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Remote Sensing Technology Institute, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Oberpfaffenhofen"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing Technology Institute, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Oberpfaffenhofen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089509014","display_name":"Daniele Cerra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2984-8315"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniele Cerra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Remote Sensing Technology Institute, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Oberpfaffenhofen"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing Technology Institute, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Oberpfaffenhofen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006333653","display_name":"Seyed Majid Azimi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6084-2272"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seyed Majid Azimi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Remote Sensing Technology Institute, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Oberpfaffenhofen"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing Technology Institute, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Oberpfaffenhofen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069427833","display_name":"Nina Merkle","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4177-1066"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nina Merkle","raw_affiliation_strings":["Remote Sensing Technology Institute, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Oberpfaffenhofen"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing Technology Institute, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Oberpfaffenhofen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083368958","display_name":"Jiaojiao Tian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8407-5098"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiaojiao Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Remote Sensing Technology Institute, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Oberpfaffenhofen"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing Technology Institute, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Oberpfaffenhofen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040830361","display_name":"Stefan Auer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9310-2337"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefan Auer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Remote Sensing Technology Institute, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Oberpfaffenhofen"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing Technology Institute, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Oberpfaffenhofen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056517784","display_name":"Miguel Pato","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0111-0861"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Miguel Pato","raw_affiliation_strings":["Remote Sensing Technology Institute, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Oberpfaffenhofen"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing Technology Institute, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Oberpfaffenhofen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081106518","display_name":"R. de los Reyes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0485-9552"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Raquel de los Reyes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Remote Sensing Technology Institute, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Oberpfaffenhofen"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing Technology Institute, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Oberpfaffenhofen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053759869","display_name":"Xiangyu Zhuo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiangyu Zhuo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Remote Sensing Technology Institute, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Oberpfaffenhofen"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing Technology Institute, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Oberpfaffenhofen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":12,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5008273122"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6131,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73203699,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"5053","last_page":"5056"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-surface","display_name":"Digital surface","score":0.8178530931472778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.7365140914916992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6731694340705872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6720274090766907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rgb-color-model","display_name":"RGB color model","score":0.6025202870368958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.5297544598579407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5163068175315857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.48039036989212036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.4761609733104706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matching","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","score":0.4665655195713043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantics","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","score":0.4566362202167511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.4330154061317444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.41208600997924805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lidar","display_name":"Lidar","score":0.2727787494659424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.18527555465698242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1645064651966095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.09221553802490234}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983128922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1789829","display_name":"Digital surface","level":3,"score":0.8178530931472778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.7365140914916992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6731694340705872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6720274090766907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82990744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166194","display_name":"RGB color model","level":2,"score":0.6025202870368958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.5297544598579407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5163068175315857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.48039036989212036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.4761609733104706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.4665655195713043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.4566362202167511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.4330154061317444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.41208600997924805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51399673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q504027","display_name":"Lidar","level":2,"score":0.2727787494659424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.18527555465698242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1645064651966095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.09221553802490234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/igarss.2019.8899795","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2019.8899795","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IGARSS 2019 - 2019 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:elib.dlr.de:130254","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.2019.8899795>.","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196266","display_name":"elib (German Aerospace Center)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","host_organization_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W80912530","https://openalex.org/W2010319424","https://openalex.org/W2030517367","https://openalex.org/W2053935941","https://openalex.org/W2077509829","https://openalex.org/W2125148312","https://openalex.org/W2395611524","https://openalex.org/W2412782625","https://openalex.org/W2557406251","https://openalex.org/W2559597482","https://openalex.org/W2924638668","https://openalex.org/W2962880841","https://openalex.org/W3101896960","https://openalex.org/W6756056391","https://openalex.org/W6989346819"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2085033728","https://openalex.org/W4285411112","https://openalex.org/W2171299904","https://openalex.org/W1647606319","https://openalex.org/W2922442631","https://openalex.org/W4390494008","https://openalex.org/W2053596378","https://openalex.org/W2168523118","https://openalex.org/W2073639911","https://openalex.org/W2043988397"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"describes":[2],"the":[3,7,83,91],"winning":[4],"contribution":[5,104],"to":[6,90],"2019":[8],"IEEE":[9],"GRSS":[10],"Data":[11],"Fusion":[12],"Contest":[13],"Multi-view":[14],"Semantic":[15,56],"Stereo":[16],"Challenge.":[17],"In":[18],"this":[19],"challenge,":[20],"a":[21,27,34,54,106],"digital":[22],"surface":[23],"model":[24],"(DSM)":[25],"and":[26,71,86,93,101],"semantic":[28],"segmentation":[29,57],"should":[30],"be":[31],"derived":[32],"from":[33,42],"large":[35],"number":[36],"of":[37,63,99,110],"multi-spectral":[38,70],"WorldView-3":[39],"images.":[40],"Results":[41],"50":[43],"stereo":[44],"pairs":[45],"matched":[46],"using":[47],"Semi-Global":[48],"Matching":[49],"(SGM)":[50],"are":[51,76],"fused":[52],"into":[53],"DSM.":[55],"is":[58],"performed":[59],"with":[60,79],"an":[61],"ensemble":[62],"FCN":[64],"networks":[65],"taking":[66],"as":[67],"input":[68],"RGB,":[69],"height":[72],"data.":[73],"Their":[74],"results":[75],"then":[77],"merged":[78],"pixel-wise":[80],"detectors":[81],"for":[82],"classes":[84],"water":[85],"high":[87],"vegetation.":[88],"Compared":[89],"second":[92],"third":[94],"placed":[95],"teams":[96],"(mIOU-3":[97],"scores":[98],"0.73":[100],"0.7295),":[102],"our":[103],"reached":[105],"significantly":[107],"higher":[108],"score":[109],"0.745.":[111]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2019-11-22T00:00:00"}