{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2901422868","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2018.8518521","title":"Building Detection and Segmentation Using a CNN with Automatically Generated Training Data","display_name":"Building Detection and Segmentation Using a CNN with Automatically Generated Training Data","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2901422868","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2018.8518521","mag":"2901422868"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/igarss.2018.8518521","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2018.8518521","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IGARSS 2018 - 2018 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053759869","display_name":"Xiangyu Zhuo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0958-9902"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiangyu Zhuo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Remote Sensing Technology Institute, German Aerospace Center, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing Technology Institute, German Aerospace Center, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068079834","display_name":"Friedrich Fraundorfer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5805-8892"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4092182","display_name":"Graz University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00d7xrm67","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4092182"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Friedrich Fraundorfer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Computer Graphics and Vision, Graz University of Technology, Austria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Computer Graphics and Vision, Graz University of Technology, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4092182"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020996505","display_name":"Franz Kurz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1718-0004"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Franz Kurz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Remote Sensing Technology Institute, German Aerospace Center, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing Technology Institute, German Aerospace Center, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052386553","display_name":"Peter Reinartz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8122-1475"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Reinartz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Remote Sensing Technology Institute, German Aerospace Center, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing Technology Institute, German Aerospace Center, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.53,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7222034,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"3461","last_page":"3464"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8114750385284424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6806626319885254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.6493445634841919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/training","display_name":"Training (meteorology)","score":0.5384327173233032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/training-set","display_name":"Training set","score":0.5331325531005859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5285909175872803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.5182216763496399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4997117519378662}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8114750385284424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6806626319885254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.6493445634841919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777211547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141490","display_name":"Training (meteorology)","level":2,"score":0.5384327173233032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51632099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3985153","display_name":"Training set","level":2,"score":0.5331325531005859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5285909175872803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.5182216763496399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4997117519378662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/igarss.2018.8518521","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2018.8518521","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IGARSS 2018 - 2018 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:elib.dlr.de:123995","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2018.8518521>.","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196266","display_name":"elib (German Aerospace Center)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","host_organization_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7200000286102295,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1903029394","https://openalex.org/W2110764733","https://openalex.org/W2117539524","https://openalex.org/W2124592697","https://openalex.org/W2161236525","https://openalex.org/W2431874326","https://openalex.org/W2768184749","https://openalex.org/W2952793010","https://openalex.org/W2964162504"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1669643531","https://openalex.org/W2122581818","https://openalex.org/W2159066190","https://openalex.org/W2739874619","https://openalex.org/W2110230079","https://openalex.org/W2117933325","https://openalex.org/W2117664411","https://openalex.org/W1721780360","https://openalex.org/W1967061043","https://openalex.org/W2965422042"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Significantly":[0],"outperforming":[1],"traditional":[2],"machine":[3],"learning":[4],"methods,":[5],"deep":[6,23],"convolutional":[7],"neural":[8],"networks":[9],"have":[10],"gained":[11],"increasing":[12],"popularity":[13],"in":[14,45,51],"the":[15,43,72,103,121,124,133,142],"application":[16],"of":[17,31,105],"image":[18,59,117],"classification":[19],"and":[20,38,70,119],"segmentation.":[21],"Nevertheless,":[22],"learning-based":[24],"methods":[25],"usually":[26],"require":[27],"a":[28,54,75],"large":[29],"amount":[30],"training":[32,47,113],"data,":[33,48],"which":[34],"is":[35],"quite":[36],"labor-intensive":[37],"time-demanding.":[39],"To":[40,101],"deal":[41],"with":[42,80,123],"problem":[44],"generating":[46],"we":[49,109],"propose":[50],"this":[52],"paper":[53],"novel":[55],"approach":[56],"to":[57,67],"generate":[58],"annotations":[60,73,88,135],"by":[61],"transferring":[62],"labels":[63],"from":[64],"aerial":[65],"images":[66,69],"UAV":[68],"refine":[71],"using":[74,126],"densely":[76],"connected":[77],"CRF":[78],"model":[79],"an":[81],"embedded":[82],"naive":[83],"Bayes":[84],"classifier.":[85],"The":[86],"generated":[87],"not":[89],"only":[90],"present":[91],"correct":[92],"semantic":[93],"labels,":[94],"but":[95],"also":[96],"preserve":[97],"accurate":[98],"class":[99],"boundaries.":[100],"validate":[102],"utility":[104],"these":[106],"automatic":[107,134],"annotations,":[108],"deploy":[110],"them":[111],"as":[112,141],"data":[114],"for":[115],"pixel-wise":[116],"segmentation":[118,125,139],"compare":[120],"results":[122,130],"manual":[127,143],"annotations.":[128,144],"Experiment":[129],"demonstrate":[131],"that":[132],"can":[136],"achieve":[137],"comparable":[138],"accuracy":[140]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}