{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2745252301","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2017.8127330","title":"Deep residual networks for hyperspectral image classification","display_name":"Deep residual networks for hyperspectral image classification","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2745252301","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2017.8127330","mag":"2745252301"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/igarss.2017.8127330","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2017.8127330","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073939201","display_name":"Zilong Zhong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0104-9116"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110951","display_name":"Gorgias Press (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01p5xff03","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110951"]}],"countries":["CA","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zilong Zhong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography & Environmental Management, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada","\u00b9Mobile Mapping Lab, Department of Geography & Environmental Management, University of Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada -(z26zhong,","Center / 445 Hoes Lane / P.O. Box 1331 / Piscataway, NJ 08855-1331, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography & Environmental Management, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"\u00b9Mobile Mapping Lab, Department of Geography & Environmental Management, University of Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada -(z26zhong,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center / 445 Hoes Lane / P.O. Box 1331 / Piscataway, NJ 08855-1331, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110951"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100613889","display_name":"Jonathan Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7899-0049"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110951","display_name":"Gorgias Press (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01p5xff03","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110951"]}],"countries":["CA","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jonathan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography & Environmental Management, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada","Center / 445 Hoes Lane / P.O. Box 1331 / Piscataway, NJ 08855-1331, USA","\u00b9Mobile Mapping Lab, Department of Geography & Environmental Management, University of Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada -(z26zhong,"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography & Environmental Management, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center / 445 Hoes Lane / P.O. Box 1331 / Piscataway, NJ 08855-1331, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110951"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"\u00b9Mobile Mapping Lab, Department of Geography & Environmental Management, University of Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada -(z26zhong,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032270954","display_name":"Lingfei Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8893-9693"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110951","display_name":"Gorgias Press (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01p5xff03","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110951"]}],"countries":["CA","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lingfei Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography & Environmental Management, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada","\u00b9Mobile Mapping Lab, Department of Geography & Environmental Management, University of Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada -(z26zhong,","Center / 445 Hoes Lane / P.O. Box 1331 / Piscataway, NJ 08855-1331, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography & Environmental Management, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"\u00b9Mobile Mapping Lab, Department of Geography & Environmental Management, University of Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada -(z26zhong,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center / 445 Hoes Lane / P.O. Box 1331 / Piscataway, NJ 08855-1331, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110951"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101690252","display_name":"Han Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7112-4081"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110951","display_name":"Gorgias Press (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01p5xff03","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110951"]}],"countries":["CA","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Han Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography & Environmental Management, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada","\u00b9Mobile Mapping Lab, Department of Geography & Environmental Management, University of Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada -(z26zhong,","Center / 445 Hoes Lane / P.O. Box 1331 / Piscataway, NJ 08855-1331, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography & Environmental Management, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"\u00b9Mobile Mapping Lab, Department of Geography & Environmental Management, University of Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada -(z26zhong,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center / 445 Hoes Lane / P.O. Box 1331 / Piscataway, NJ 08855-1331, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110951"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038625195","display_name":"He Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8264-9297"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110951","display_name":"Gorgias Press (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01p5xff03","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110951"]}],"countries":["CA","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"He Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography & Environmental Management, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada","Center / 445 Hoes Lane / P.O. Box 1331 / Piscataway, NJ 08855-1331, USA","\u00b9Mobile Mapping Lab, Department of Geography & Environmental Management, University of Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada -(z26zhong,"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography & Environmental Management, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center / 445 Hoes Lane / P.O. Box 1331 / Piscataway, NJ 08855-1331, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110951"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"\u00b9Mobile Mapping Lab, Department of Geography & Environmental Management, University of Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada -(z26zhong,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101690252"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483","https://openalex.org/I4210110951"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.3006,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":117,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98344836,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1824","last_page":"1827"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13890","display_name":"Remote Sensing and Land Use","score":0.9918000102043152,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11659","display_name":"Advanced Image Fusion Techniques","score":0.9639000296592712,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/residual","display_name":"Residual","score":0.7851535081863403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7691752314567566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7505013346672058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.7371808886528015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/normalization","display_name":"Normalization (sociology)","score":0.720942497253418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperspectral-imaging","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","score":0.7086656093597412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.6961998343467712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6715447902679443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contextual-image-classification","display_name":"Contextual image classification","score":0.5379076600074768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.5251521468162537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regularization","display_name":"Regularization (linguistics)","score":0.4925859570503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-neural-networks","display_name":"Deep neural networks","score":0.483280211687088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dimensionality-reduction","display_name":"Dimensionality reduction","score":0.468799889087677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-learning","display_name":"Feature learning","score":0.459524929523468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.3143036961555481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.13935700058937073}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155512373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287450","display_name":"Residual","level":2,"score":0.7851535081863403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7691752314567566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7505013346672058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.7371808886528015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136886441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q926129","display_name":"Normalization (sociology)","level":2,"score":0.720942497253418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159078339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959005","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","level":2,"score":0.7086656093597412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.6961998343467712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6715447902679443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75294576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165192","display_name":"Contextual image classification","level":3,"score":0.5379076600074768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.5251521468162537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776135515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17143721","display_name":"Regularization (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4925859570503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984842247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep neural networks","level":3,"score":0.483280211687088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70518039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16000077","display_name":"Dimensionality reduction","level":2,"score":0.468799889087677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59404180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17013334","display_name":"Feature learning","level":2,"score":0.459524929523468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3143036961555481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.13935700058937073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/igarss.2017.8127330","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2017.8127330","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:uwspace.uwaterloo.ca:10012/12130","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.igarss2017.org/Papers/viewpapers.asp?papernum=3612","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401661","display_name":"UWSpace (University of Waterloo)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","host_organization_name":"University of Waterloo","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference Paper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1836465849","https://openalex.org/W2038911891","https://openalex.org/W2090424610","https://openalex.org/W2097915756","https://openalex.org/W2135758523","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2302255633","https://openalex.org/W2314785379","https://openalex.org/W2500751094","https://openalex.org/W2547880720","https://openalex.org/W2919115771","https://openalex.org/W2949117887","https://openalex.org/W6684191040"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2072166414","https://openalex.org/W3209970181","https://openalex.org/W2070598848","https://openalex.org/W3034375524","https://openalex.org/W2060875994","https://openalex.org/W2027399350","https://openalex.org/W2044184146","https://openalex.org/W2019190440","https://openalex.org/W2343470940","https://openalex.org/W2292979300"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Deep":[0],"neural":[1,42],"networks":[2,43,53],"can":[3],"learn":[4],"deep":[5,27,51,60],"feature":[6],"representation":[7],"for":[8,44,121],"hyperspectral":[9],"image":[10],"(HSI)":[11],"interpretation":[12],"and":[13,72,77,109,116,126],"achieve":[14],"high":[15],"classification":[16,24,66,112],"accuracy":[17],"in":[18],"different":[19,75,96],"datasets.":[20,82],"However,":[21],"counterintuitively,":[22],"the":[23,57,86,106,122,143],"performance":[25,113],"of":[26,59,88,124,142],"learning":[28,61],"models":[29],"degrades":[30],"as":[31,91],"their":[32],"depth":[33,76],"increases.":[34],"Therefore,":[35],"we":[36,84],"add":[37],"identity":[38],"mappings":[39],"to":[40,49],"convolutional":[41,47],"every":[45],"two":[46,80],"layers":[48],"build":[50],"residual":[52],"(ResNets).":[54],"To":[55],"study":[56],"influence":[58],"model":[62,97],"size":[63],"on":[64],"HSI":[65],"accuracy,":[67],"this":[68],"paper":[69],"applied":[70],"ResNets":[71,104],"CNNs":[73],"with":[74,95,114],"width":[78],"using":[79],"challenging":[81],"Moreover,":[83],"tested":[85],"effectiveness":[87],"batch":[89],"normalization":[90],"a":[92,139],"regularization":[93],"method":[94],"settings.":[98],"The":[99],"experimental":[100],"results":[101],"demonstrate":[102],"that":[103],"mitigate":[105],"declining-accuracy":[107],"effect":[108],"achieved":[110],"promising":[111],"10%":[115],"5%":[117],"training":[118],"sample":[119],"percentages":[120],"University":[123],"Pavia":[125],"Indian":[127],"Pines":[128],"datasets,":[129],"respectively.":[130],"In":[131],"addition,":[132],"t-Distributed":[133],"Stochastic":[134],"Neighbor":[135],"Embedding":[136],"(t-SNE)":[137],"provides":[138],"direct":[140],"view":[141],"extracted":[144],"features":[145],"through":[146],"dimensionality":[147],"reduction.":[148]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
