{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2774447018","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2017.8127218","title":"Microwave emission from alpine snow: Experimental data and electromagnetic models","display_name":"Microwave emission from alpine snow: Experimental data and electromagnetic models","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2774447018","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2017.8127218","mag":"2774447018"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/igarss.2017.8127218","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2017.8127218","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079584085","display_name":"E. Santi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1882-6321"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210092323","display_name":"Nello Carrara Institute of Applied Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/00dqega85","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092323","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"E. Santi","raw_affiliation_strings":["CNR-IFAC"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CNR-IFAC","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092323"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051417829","display_name":"S. Pettinato","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3155-8918"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210092323","display_name":"Nello Carrara Institute of Applied Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/00dqega85","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092323","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Pettinato","raw_affiliation_strings":["CNR-IFAC"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CNR-IFAC","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092323"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024509948","display_name":"S. Paloscia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3414-4531"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210092323","display_name":"Nello Carrara Institute of Applied Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/00dqega85","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092323","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Paloscia","raw_affiliation_strings":["CNR-IFAC"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CNR-IFAC","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092323"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038760921","display_name":"P. Pampaloni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5137-3462"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210092323","display_name":"Nello Carrara Institute of Applied Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/00dqega85","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092323","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Pampaloni","raw_affiliation_strings":["CNR-IFAC"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CNR-IFAC","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092323"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016899954","display_name":"Enrico Palchetti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8815-1134"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210092323","display_name":"Nello Carrara Institute of Applied Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/00dqega85","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092323","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. Palchetti","raw_affiliation_strings":["CNR-IFAC"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CNR-IFAC","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092323"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113541935","display_name":"Chuan Xiong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9164-4810"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166112","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05wzjqa24","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. Xiong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Remote Sensing Applications, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Remote Sensing Applications, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015049851","display_name":"A. Crepaz","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Crepaz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Avalanche Center, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Avalanche Center, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5079584085"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092323"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.11987468,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1372","last_page":"1375"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10644","display_name":"Cryospheric studies and observations","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10644","display_name":"Cryospheric studies and observations","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11333","display_name":"Climate change and permafrost","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11459","display_name":"Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics","score":0.9926000237464905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/snow","display_name":"Snow","score":0.9104225635528564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brightness-temperature","display_name":"Brightness temperature","score":0.718548059463501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brightness","display_name":"Brightness","score":0.6566672921180725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microwave","display_name":"Microwave","score":0.6497242450714111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mean-squared-error","display_name":"Mean squared error","score":0.629025399684906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.6238120198249817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiative-transfer","display_name":"Radiative transfer","score":0.6092692017555237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.5971264243125916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/root-mean-square","display_name":"Root mean square","score":0.5502134561538696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-radiative-transfer-codes","display_name":"Atmospheric radiative transfer codes","score":0.5270528793334961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-sciences","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","score":0.5149667859077454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microwave-imaging","display_name":"Microwave imaging","score":0.4384862780570984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.37844228744506836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.24395504593849182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.22598707675933838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.15911900997161865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.15816444158554077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.10857325792312622}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197046000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7561","display_name":"Snow","level":2,"score":0.9104225635528564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53802167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4538627","display_name":"Brightness temperature","level":3,"score":0.718548059463501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125245961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221656","display_name":"Brightness","level":2,"score":0.6566672921180725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44838205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127995","display_name":"Microwave","level":2,"score":0.6497242450714111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139945424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940696","display_name":"Mean squared error","level":2,"score":0.629025399684906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6238120198249817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74902906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1190858","display_name":"Radiative transfer","level":2,"score":0.6092692017555237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.5971264243125916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71907059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223323","display_name":"Root mean square","level":2,"score":0.5502134561538696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199390426","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2353151","display_name":"Atmospheric radiative transfer codes","level":3,"score":0.5270528793334961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91586092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","level":1,"score":0.5149667859077454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779885931","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17010029","display_name":"Microwave imaging","level":3,"score":0.4384862780570984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.37844228744506836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.24395504593849182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.22598707675933838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.15911900997161865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.15816444158554077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.10857325792312622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/igarss.2017.8127218","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2017.8127218","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1521627754","https://openalex.org/W1681308797","https://openalex.org/W1978524841","https://openalex.org/W1996099728","https://openalex.org/W2019676969","https://openalex.org/W2051344215","https://openalex.org/W2059805075","https://openalex.org/W2088794547","https://openalex.org/W2091063039","https://openalex.org/W2100839928","https://openalex.org/W2132808425","https://openalex.org/W2154675655","https://openalex.org/W2157343960","https://openalex.org/W2169335621"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1983414154","https://openalex.org/W2111586823","https://openalex.org/W2390005173","https://openalex.org/W3143274352","https://openalex.org/W4251071582","https://openalex.org/W2042943922","https://openalex.org/W2016117280","https://openalex.org/W2170356534","https://openalex.org/W2917267944","https://openalex.org/W2001550323"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3],"study":[4],"the":[5,32,40,49,55,89,98,103,129,134,150],"effect":[6],"of":[7,31,51,92,101,110,143,152],"layered":[8],"snow":[9,52,59,111,136],"in":[10,88],"alpine":[11],"regions":[12],"on":[13,54],"microwave":[14,112],"emission":[15,56],"at":[16,118],"Ku":[17,119],"and":[18,25,86,105,120,145,157,164,166,175],"Ka":[19,121],"bands,":[20],"using":[21,133],"both":[22],"experimental":[23],"data":[24,147],"model":[26,37,104],"simulations.":[27],"A":[28,140],"recent":[29],"implementation":[30],"multi-layer":[33],"dense-medium":[34],"radiative":[35],"transfer":[36],"(DMRT)":[38],"under":[39],"quasi-crystalline":[41],"approximation":[42],"(ML-QCA)":[43],"was":[44],"used":[45],"to":[46],"account":[47],"for":[48],"effects":[50],"layers":[53],"from":[57],"dry":[58],"covers.":[60],"Model":[61],"simulation":[62],"have":[63],"been":[64],"compared":[65,124],"with":[66,70,125,159],"radiometric":[67],"measurements,":[68],"collected":[69],"ground":[71],"based":[72],"instruments":[73],"during":[74],"several":[75],"long-term":[76],"experiment":[77],"carried":[78],"out":[79],"over":[80],"three":[81],"winter":[82],"seasons":[83],"between":[84,155,162,172],"2007":[85],"2011":[87],"Eastern":[90],"part":[91],"Italian":[93],"Alps.":[94],"This":[95],"comparison":[96,142],"has":[97],"twofold":[99],"purpose":[100],"validating":[102],"interpreting":[106],"some":[107],"particular":[108],"aspects":[109],"emission.":[113],"The":[114],"measured":[115,144],"brightness":[116],"temperatures":[117],"bands":[122],"were":[123],"those":[126],"simulated":[127,146],"through":[128],"ML-QCA":[130],"model,":[131],"by":[132],"observed":[135],"parameters":[137],"as":[138],"inputs.":[139],"direct":[141],"showed":[148],"that":[149],"slope":[151],"correlation":[153],"ranged":[154],"0.7":[156],"1.0,":[158],"determination":[160],"coefficients":[161],"0.51":[163],"0.75":[165],"Root":[167],"Mean":[168],"Square":[169],"Error":[170],"(RMSE)":[171],"11":[173],"K":[174],"15":[176],"K.":[177]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
