{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2546747182","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2016.7730461","title":"The GNSS Reflectometry response to the ocean surface","display_name":"The GNSS Reflectometry response to the ocean surface","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2546747182","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2016.7730461","mag":"2546747182"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/igarss.2016.7730461","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2016.7730461","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059901615","display_name":"Paul Chang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5113-0938"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133019","display_name":"NOAA Center for Satellite Applications and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/03yn06t56","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1308126019","https://openalex.org/I1308126019","https://openalex.org/I1343035065","https://openalex.org/I1343035065","https://openalex.org/I4210089050","https://openalex.org/I4210133019"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089050","display_name":"NOAA National Environmental Satellite Data and Information Service","ror":"https://ror.org/007qwym43","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1308126019","https://openalex.org/I1343035065","https://openalex.org/I4210089050"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Paul S. Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["NOAA/NESDIS, Center for Satellite Applications and Research, College Park, MD, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NOAA/NESDIS, Center for Satellite Applications and Research, College Park, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133019","https://openalex.org/I4210089050"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010864619","display_name":"Zorana Jelenak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0510-2973"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089050","display_name":"NOAA National Environmental Satellite Data and Information Service","ror":"https://ror.org/007qwym43","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1308126019","https://openalex.org/I1343035065","https://openalex.org/I4210089050"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133019","display_name":"NOAA Center for Satellite Applications and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/03yn06t56","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1308126019","https://openalex.org/I1308126019","https://openalex.org/I1343035065","https://openalex.org/I1343035065","https://openalex.org/I4210089050","https://openalex.org/I4210133019"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zorana Jelenak","raw_affiliation_strings":["NOAA/NESDIS, Center for Satellite Applications and Research, College Park, MD, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NOAA/NESDIS, Center for Satellite Applications and Research, College Park, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133019","https://openalex.org/I4210089050"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075017041","display_name":"Seubson Soisuvarn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1373-8974"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133019","display_name":"NOAA Center for Satellite Applications and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/03yn06t56","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1308126019","https://openalex.org/I1308126019","https://openalex.org/I1343035065","https://openalex.org/I1343035065","https://openalex.org/I4210089050","https://openalex.org/I4210133019"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089050","display_name":"NOAA National Environmental Satellite Data and Information Service","ror":"https://ror.org/007qwym43","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1308126019","https://openalex.org/I1343035065","https://openalex.org/I4210089050"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seubson Soisuvarn","raw_affiliation_strings":["NOAA/NESDIS, Center for Satellite Applications and Research, College Park, MD, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NOAA/NESDIS, Center for Satellite Applications and Research, College Park, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133019","https://openalex.org/I4210089050"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083526496","display_name":"Faozi Sa\u00efd","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6231-8522"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133019","display_name":"NOAA Center for Satellite Applications and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/03yn06t56","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1308126019","https://openalex.org/I1308126019","https://openalex.org/I1343035065","https://openalex.org/I1343035065","https://openalex.org/I4210089050","https://openalex.org/I4210133019"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089050","display_name":"NOAA National Environmental Satellite Data and Information Service","ror":"https://ror.org/007qwym43","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1308126019","https://openalex.org/I1343035065","https://openalex.org/I4210089050"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Faozi Said","raw_affiliation_strings":["NOAA/NESDIS, Center for Satellite Applications and Research, College Park, MD, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NOAA/NESDIS, Center for Satellite Applications and Research, College Park, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133019","https://openalex.org/I4210089050"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5059901615"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089050","https://openalex.org/I4210133019"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.09428799,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"5596","last_page":"5599"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11061","display_name":"Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11234","display_name":"Precipitation Measurement and Analysis","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gnss-applications","display_name":"GNSS applications","score":0.8528499603271484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.6989966630935669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite-system","display_name":"Satellite system","score":0.6864478588104248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reflectometry","display_name":"Reflectometry","score":0.6796265244483948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.6286162734031677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensitivity","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","score":0.6033960580825806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.5148257613182068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wind-speed","display_name":"Wind speed","score":0.4799421429634094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.45222240686416626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.44593971967697144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geodesy","display_name":"Geodesy","score":0.3999853730201721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oceanography","display_name":"Oceanography","score":0.14846494793891907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.1377880871295929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.13114941120147705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.11295926570892334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.056060194969177246}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14279187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5514012","display_name":"GNSS applications","level":3,"score":0.8528499603271484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.6989966630935669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778027091","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25346003","display_name":"Satellite system","level":4,"score":0.6864478588104248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778925768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454718","display_name":"Reflectometry","level":3,"score":0.6796265244483948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.6286162734031677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.6033960580825806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5148257613182068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161067210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1464943","display_name":"Wind speed","level":2,"score":0.4799421429634094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.45222240686416626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.44593971967697144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.3999853730201721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.14846494793891907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.1377880871295929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.13114941120147705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.11295926570892334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.056060194969177246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103824480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185889","display_name":"Time domain","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/igarss.2016.7730461","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2016.7730461","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","display_name":"Life below water","score":0.8600000143051147}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/027ka1x80"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332181","display_name":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/02z5nhe81"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1660767182","https://openalex.org/W2036393665","https://openalex.org/W2047938900","https://openalex.org/W2107580583","https://openalex.org/W2128120064","https://openalex.org/W2145696754","https://openalex.org/W2909184534","https://openalex.org/W2951521787","https://openalex.org/W2995357626"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2606296569","https://openalex.org/W2375040471","https://openalex.org/W2068158190","https://openalex.org/W2916802843","https://openalex.org/W2064660797","https://openalex.org/W4387714868","https://openalex.org/W2071552392","https://openalex.org/W20579766","https://openalex.org/W2601478304","https://openalex.org/W4396749081"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"investigate":[1,165],"the":[2,12,21,28,32,59,77,96,99,128,136,143,160,166],"Global":[3,181],"Navigation":[4,182],"Satellite":[5,183],"System":[6,184],"Reflectometry":[7],"(GNSS-R)":[8],"measurements":[9,30,55,101,171],"collected":[10],"by":[11],"Space":[13],"GNSS":[14],"Receiver-Remote":[15],"Sensing":[16],"Instrument":[17],"(SGR-ReSI)":[18],"on":[19,76,91],"board":[20],"TechDemoSat-1":[22],"(TDS-1)":[23],"satellite.":[24],"The":[25,40,53,177],"sensitivity":[26,57,134,167],"of":[27,42,62,98,127,145,150,168],"SGR-ReSI":[29,54,100,157],"to":[31,70,118,163,172,193],"ocean":[33,174],"surface":[34,44,175],"winds":[35,83,105,112],"and":[36,48,109,125,148,195],"waves":[37,79],"are":[38,50,140],"characterized.":[39],"effects":[41],"sea":[43],"temperature,":[45],"wind":[46,63,122],"direction,":[47],"rain":[49,129],"also":[51],"investigated.":[52],"exhibited":[56],"through":[58,142],"entire":[60],"range":[61],"speeds":[64],"sampled":[65],"in":[66,135],"this":[67,197],"dataset,":[68],"up":[69],"35":[71],"m/s.":[72,86,115],"A":[73],"significant":[74],"dependence":[75,90],"larger":[78],"was":[80,93],"observed":[81,94],"for":[82,104,111],"<;":[84,106],"6":[85],"Additionally,":[87],"an":[88],"interesting":[89],"SST":[92],"where":[95],"slope":[97],"is":[102],"positive":[103],"5":[107,114],"m/s":[108],"reverses":[110],">":[113],"There":[116],"appeared":[117],"be":[119],"very":[120],"little":[121],"direction":[123],"signal,":[124],"investigation":[126],"impacts":[130],"found":[131],"no":[132],"apparent":[133],"data.":[137],"These":[138],"results":[139],"shown":[141],"analysis":[144],"global":[146],"statistics":[147],"examination":[149],"a":[151,190],"few":[152],"case":[153],"studies.":[154],"This":[155],"released":[156],"dataset":[158],"provided":[159],"first":[161],"opportunity":[162],"comprehensively":[164],"satellite-based":[169],"GNSS-R":[170],"various":[173],"parameters.":[176],"upcoming":[178],"NASA's":[179],"Cyclone":[180],"(CYGNSS)":[185],"satellite":[186],"constellation":[187],"will":[188],"utilize":[189],"similar":[191],"receiver":[192],"SGI-ReSI":[194],"thus":[196],"data":[198],"provides":[199],"valuable":[200],"pre-launch":[201],"knowledge.":[202]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}