{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2087520010","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2015.7326777","title":"Multilayer simulations for Martian subsurface radar soundings","display_name":"Multilayer simulations for Martian subsurface radar soundings","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2087520010","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2015.7326777","mag":"2087520010"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/igarss.2015.7326777","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2015.7326777","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100724622","display_name":"Chao Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4988-6255"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chao Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Radiation and Sensing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Radiation and Sensing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062226078","display_name":"Liting Rao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9196-7142"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liting Rao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Radiation and Sensing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Radiation and Sensing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100457255","display_name":"Xiaojuan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1543-0025"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaojuan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Radiation and Sensing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Radiation and Sensing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Radiation and Sensing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Radiation and Sensing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006636279","display_name":"Jiancheng Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6163-2912"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166112","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05wzjqa24","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiancheng Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Jointly Sponsored by Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth of Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100101, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941","https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Jointly Sponsored by Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth of Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100101, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060437226","display_name":"Shiyin Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9625-7497"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shiyin Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China","Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000 China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000 China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"316","issue":null,"first_page":"4300","last_page":"4303"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10406","display_name":"Planetary Science and Exploration","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10406","display_name":"Planetary Science and Exploration","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10325","display_name":"Astro and Planetary Science","score":0.9939000010490417,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10017","display_name":"Geology and Paleoclimatology Research","score":0.9843000173568726,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/martian","display_name":"Martian","score":0.8459696769714355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.7359567880630493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/martian-surface","display_name":"Martian surface","score":0.645508885383606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.6418251991271973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mars-exploration-program","display_name":"Mars Exploration Program","score":0.6132281422615051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.5191234946250916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/depth-sounding","display_name":"Depth sounding","score":0.5046392679214478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clutter","display_name":"Clutter","score":0.47736334800720215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ray-tracing","display_name":"Ray tracing (physics)","score":0.4611298143863678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/echo-sounding","display_name":"Echo sounding","score":0.4578894078731537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-imaging","display_name":"Radar imaging","score":0.41723811626434326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geophysics","display_name":"Geophysics","score":0.33904242515563965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.2867538332939148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.21653741598129272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1742573380470276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/astrobiology","display_name":"Astrobiology","score":0.08094123005867004}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778600265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q913850","display_name":"Martian","level":3,"score":0.8459696769714355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.7359567880630493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776219924","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6774740","display_name":"Martian surface","level":4,"score":0.645508885383606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.6418251991271973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83260615","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6773121","display_name":"Mars Exploration Program","level":2,"score":0.6132281422615051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.5191234946250916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55510283","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1382947","display_name":"Depth sounding","level":2,"score":0.5046392679214478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132094186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641585","display_name":"Clutter","level":3,"score":0.47736334800720215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121483023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7298343","display_name":"Ray tracing (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4611298143863678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50254455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1164536","display_name":"Echo sounding","level":2,"score":0.4578894078731537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10929652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7279985","display_name":"Radar imaging","level":3,"score":0.41723811626434326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8058405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46255","display_name":"Geophysics","level":1,"score":0.33904242515563965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2867538332939148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.21653741598129272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1742573380470276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87355193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q411","display_name":"Astrobiology","level":1,"score":0.08094123005867004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/igarss.2015.7326777","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2015.7326777","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1505881492","https://openalex.org/W1583532932","https://openalex.org/W2088978850","https://openalex.org/W2100879731","https://openalex.org/W2100957654","https://openalex.org/W2147284262","https://openalex.org/W2154271053","https://openalex.org/W2341582552","https://openalex.org/W2492035867","https://openalex.org/W4253046425"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2757071965","https://openalex.org/W2380918391","https://openalex.org/W2065599635","https://openalex.org/W2390998149","https://openalex.org/W2079567089","https://openalex.org/W929258728","https://openalex.org/W2331045244","https://openalex.org/W1500757811","https://openalex.org/W3015831582","https://openalex.org/W1970457476"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"develop":[1],"a":[2],"new":[3],"method":[4,107,156],"of":[5,15,23,53,61,84,101,166],"multilayer":[6,35,39],"simulations":[7],"for":[8,96,120,136],"interpreting":[9],"accurately":[10,68],"the":[11,21,31,47,58,69,114,122,134,138,145,154,163],"real":[12,73,102],"radar":[13,18,40,103,169],"observations":[14],"Martian":[16,74,116,139,168],"subsurface":[17,77,124,141],"sounder":[19],"in":[20,90],"insight":[22],"electromagnetic":[24],"(EM)":[25],"wave":[26,86],"radiation":[27,87],"and":[28,57,76,88,149,161,172],"propagation":[29,89],"inside":[30],"stratified":[32],"mediums":[33,93],"with":[34],"rough":[36,54,78,91],"interfaces.":[37],"The":[38,105],"echo":[41,126],"simulator":[42],"is":[43,94,157],"developed":[44],"by":[45,128,143],"employing":[46],"Huygens":[48],"theory,":[49],"Kirchhoff":[50],"approximation":[51],"(KA)":[52],"surface":[55,117,129],"scattering":[56,71],"ray":[59],"tracing":[60],"geometric":[62],"optics":[63],"(GO)":[64],"theory":[65],"to":[66,111,159],"calculate":[67],"EM":[70,85],"from":[72],"topography":[75],"boundaries.":[79],"A":[80],"clear":[81],"physical":[82],"meaning":[83],"layered":[92],"provided":[95],"achieving":[97],"more":[98,174],"accurate":[99,175],"interpretations":[100],"data.":[104],"presented":[106],"can":[108,132],"be":[109],"utilized":[110,158],"reduce":[112],"effectively":[113],"strong":[115],"off-nadir":[118],"clutters":[119],"discerning":[121],"weak":[123],"nadir":[125],"masked":[127],"clutters,":[130],"which":[131],"maximize":[133],"ability":[135],"detecting":[137],"deep":[140],"information":[142],"improving":[144],"signal-to-clutter":[146],"radio":[147],"(SCR)":[148],"signal-to-noise":[150],"ratio":[151],"(SNR).":[152],"Finally,":[153],"proposed":[155],"test":[160],"validate":[162],"controversial":[164],"hypotheses":[165],"actual":[167],"sounding":[170],"data":[171],"give":[173],"geological":[176],"interpretations.":[177]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}