{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2025449974","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2015.7325826","title":"Using mobile LiDAR point clouds for traffic sign detection and sign visibility estimation","display_name":"Using mobile LiDAR point clouds for traffic sign detection and sign visibility estimation","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2025449974","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2015.7325826","mag":"2025449974"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/igarss.2015.7325826","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2015.7325826","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102008932","display_name":"Shuang Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9245-6037"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191208505","display_name":"Xiamen University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mcjh785","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shuang Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fujian Key Laboratory of Sensing and Computing for Smart Cities, Xiamen University, Fujian, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fujian Key Laboratory of Sensing and Computing for Smart Cities, Xiamen University, Fujian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047386824","display_name":"Chenglu Wen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6189-1236"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191208505","display_name":"Xiamen University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mcjh785","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chenglu Wen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fujian Key Laboratory of Sensing and Computing for Smart Cities, Xiamen University, Fujian, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fujian Key Laboratory of Sensing and Computing for Smart Cities, Xiamen University, Fujian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049895708","display_name":"Huan Luo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1855-2850"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191208505","display_name":"Xiamen University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mcjh785","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huan Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fujian Key Laboratory of Sensing and Computing for Smart Cities, Xiamen University, Fujian, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fujian Key Laboratory of Sensing and Computing for Smart Cities, Xiamen University, Fujian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100374691","display_name":"Yiping Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1465-6599"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191208505","display_name":"Xiamen University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mcjh785","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yiping Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fujian Key Laboratory of Sensing and Computing for Smart Cities, Xiamen University, Fujian, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fujian Key Laboratory of Sensing and Computing for Smart Cities, Xiamen University, Fujian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100416961","display_name":"Cheng Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6075-796X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191208505","display_name":"Xiamen University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mcjh785","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cheng Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fujian Key Laboratory of Sensing and Computing for Smart Cities, Xiamen University, Fujian, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fujian Key Laboratory of Sensing and Computing for Smart Cities, Xiamen University, Fujian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100613889","display_name":"Jonathan Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7899-0049"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191208505","display_name":"Xiamen University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mcjh785","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}],"countries":["CA","CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jonathan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography and Environmental Management, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada","Fujian Key Laboratory of Sensing and Computing for Smart Cities, Xiamen University, Fujian, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography and Environmental Management, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fujian Key Laboratory of Sensing and Computing for Smart Cities, Xiamen University, Fujian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102008932"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3625,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80196179,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"565","last_page":"568"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11211","display_name":"3D Surveying and Cultural Heritage","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1907","display_name":"Geology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12153","display_name":"Advanced Optical Sensing Technologies","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3105","display_name":"Instrumentation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visibility","display_name":"Visibility","score":0.8726954460144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traffic-sign","display_name":"Traffic sign","score":0.8283170461654663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lidar","display_name":"Lidar","score":0.7716634273529053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7515393495559692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.6343159675598145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point-cloud","display_name":"Point cloud","score":0.625718891620636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sign","display_name":"Sign (mathematics)","score":0.6073086261749268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ranging","display_name":"Ranging","score":0.5850395560264587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5459976196289062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point","display_name":"Point (geometry)","score":0.4124467372894287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.4116896092891693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.17345958948135376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.09994539618492126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.09041577577590942}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123403432","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q654068","display_name":"Visibility","level":2,"score":0.8726954460144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983860417","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170285","display_name":"Traffic sign","level":3,"score":0.8283170461654663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51399673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q504027","display_name":"Lidar","level":2,"score":0.7716634273529053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7515393495559692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6343159675598145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131979681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1899648","display_name":"Point cloud","level":2,"score":0.625718891620636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139676723","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1193832","display_name":"Sign (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6073086261749268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115051666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6522493","display_name":"Ranging","level":2,"score":0.5850395560264587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5459976196289062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.4124467372894287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.4116896092891693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.17345958948135376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09994539618492126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.09041577577590942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/igarss.2015.7325826","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2015.7325826","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.6600000262260437}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1969248662","https://openalex.org/W1986013514","https://openalex.org/W2000035714","https://openalex.org/W2012112601","https://openalex.org/W2027251975","https://openalex.org/W2032832142","https://openalex.org/W2111543134","https://openalex.org/W2126628495","https://openalex.org/W2127310338","https://openalex.org/W2133194300","https://openalex.org/W2144093449","https://openalex.org/W2166955343","https://openalex.org/W2387600435","https://openalex.org/W6681012841"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4384112194","https://openalex.org/W2783354812","https://openalex.org/W2594043982","https://openalex.org/W3036493597","https://openalex.org/W2362400270","https://openalex.org/W4293094720","https://openalex.org/W2739701376","https://openalex.org/W2130312926","https://openalex.org/W2353153843","https://openalex.org/W2166955343"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,32,84,99,113,120],"novel":[4],"method":[5,87],"for":[6,50,154],"traffic":[7,41,63,71,95,140,155],"sign":[8,42,51,96,156],"detection":[9,33,52,139],"and":[10,17,22,73,104,132,144],"visibility":[11,85,91,157],"evaluation":[12],"from":[13,43],"mobile":[14,151],"Light":[15],"Detection":[16],"Ranging":[18],"(LiDAR)":[19],"point":[20,46],"clouds":[21,47],"the":[23,40,44,59,77,90,94,130,135,147],"corresponding":[24],"images.":[25],"Our":[26],"algorithm":[27,34,109,137],"involves":[28],"two":[29],"steps.":[30],"Firstly,":[31],"based":[35,97],"on":[36,98,112],"high":[37],"retro-reflectivity":[38],"of":[39,62,79,93,101,115,134,149],"MLS":[45],"is":[48,110],"designed":[49],"in":[53,138],"complicated":[54],"road":[55],"scenes.":[56],"To":[57],"solve":[58],"spatial":[60],"features":[61],"signs,":[64],"we":[65,82],"also":[66,145],"create":[67],"geo-referenced":[68],"relations":[69],"between":[70],"signs":[72,141],"roads":[74],"according":[75],"to":[76,88],"normal":[78],"ground.":[80],"Secondly,":[81],"propose":[83],"estimation":[86],"evaluate":[89],"level":[92],"combination":[100],"visual":[102],"appearance":[103],"spatial-related":[105],"features.":[106],"The":[107,125],"proposed":[108,136],"validated":[111],"set":[114],"transportation-related":[116],"point-clouds":[117],"acquired":[118],"by":[119],"RIEGL":[121],"VMX-450":[122],"LiDAR":[123,152],"system.":[124],"experiment":[126],"results":[127],"demonstrate":[128],"that":[129],"efficiency":[131],"reliability":[133],"are":[142],"robust,":[143],"prove":[146],"potential":[148],"using":[150],"data":[153],"evaluation.":[158]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}