{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1967789481","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2014.6946357","title":"Mapping tree species in a boreal forest area using RapidEye and LiDAR data","display_name":"Mapping tree species in a boreal forest area using RapidEye and LiDAR data","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1967789481","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2014.6946357","mag":"1967789481"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/igarss.2014.6946357","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2014.6946357","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101514016","display_name":"Xiaohui Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6423-6798"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107949126","display_name":"University of Lethbridge","ror":"https://ror.org/044j76961","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107949126"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaohui Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada","[Alberta Terrestrial Imaging Centre and Department of Geography, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107949126"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Alberta Terrestrial Imaging Centre and Department of Geography, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107949126"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051143889","display_name":"Nadia Rochdi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107949126","display_name":"University of Lethbridge","ror":"https://ror.org/044j76961","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107949126"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nadia Rochdi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada","[Alberta Terrestrial Imaging Centre and Department of Geography, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107949126"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Alberta Terrestrial Imaging Centre and Department of Geography, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107949126"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064516527","display_name":"Jinkai Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0454-0587"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107949126","display_name":"University of Lethbridge","ror":"https://ror.org/044j76961","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107949126"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinkai Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada","[Alberta Terrestrial Imaging Centre and Department of Geography, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107949126"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Alberta Terrestrial Imaging Centre and Department of Geography, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107949126"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059162771","display_name":"James Banting","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107949126","display_name":"University of Lethbridge","ror":"https://ror.org/044j76961","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107949126"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James Banting","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada","[Alberta Terrestrial Imaging Centre and Department of Geography, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107949126"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Alberta Terrestrial Imaging Centre and Department of Geography, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107949126"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081000811","display_name":"David Rolfson","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107949126","display_name":"University of Lethbridge","ror":"https://ror.org/044j76961","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107949126"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Rolfson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada","[Alberta Terrestrial Imaging Centre and Department of Geography, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107949126"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Alberta Terrestrial Imaging Centre and Department of Geography, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107949126"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103920600","display_name":"Chelsea King","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107949126","display_name":"University of Lethbridge","ror":"https://ror.org/044j76961","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107949126"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chelsea King","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada","[Alberta Terrestrial Imaging Centre and Department of Geography, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107949126"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Alberta Terrestrial Imaging Centre and Department of Geography, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107949126"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085364162","display_name":"K. Staenz","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107949126","display_name":"University of Lethbridge","ror":"https://ror.org/044j76961","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107949126"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karl Staenz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada","[Alberta Terrestrial Imaging Centre and Department of Geography, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107949126"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Alberta Terrestrial Imaging Centre and Department of Geography, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107949126"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067131715","display_name":"Shane Patterson","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1281635806","display_name":"Alberta Environment and Protected Areas","ror":"https://ror.org/0202cv241","country_code":"CA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1281635806"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shane Patterson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Alberta Environment and Sustainable Resource Development, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada","Alberta Environment and Sustainable Resource Development , Edmonton , Alberta , Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Alberta Environment and Sustainable Resource Development, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1281635806"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Alberta Environment and Sustainable Resource Development , Edmonton , Alberta , Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1281635806"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044052240","display_name":"Brett G. Purdy","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210098300","display_name":"Alberta Innovates","ror":"https://ror.org/00ynafe15","country_code":"CA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098300"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brett Purdy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Alberta Innovates, Energy and Environment Solutions, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Alberta Innovates, Energy and Environment Solutions, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210098300"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.2767,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8383812,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"69","last_page":"71"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12713","display_name":"Forest Ecology and Biodiversity Studies","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1109","display_name":"Insect Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lidar","display_name":"Lidar","score":0.7402482628822327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-forest","display_name":"Random forest","score":0.6563558578491211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.6415045857429504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/taiga","display_name":"Taiga","score":0.5863257646560669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forest-inventory","display_name":"Forest inventory","score":0.5694682598114014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.48380059003829956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/red-edge","display_name":"Red edge","score":0.45370903611183167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/normalized-difference-vegetation-index","display_name":"Normalized Difference Vegetation Index","score":0.44426172971725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.4302979111671448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forest-management","display_name":"Forest management","score":0.3032483756542206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.27471262216567993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.24087396264076233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forestry","display_name":"Forestry","score":0.23078513145446777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.17623919248580933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecology","display_name":"Ecology","score":0.14546746015548706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leaf-area-index","display_name":"Leaf area index","score":0.13733485341072083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agroforestry","display_name":"Agroforestry","score":0.11063292622566223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperspectral-imaging","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","score":0.09563478827476501}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51399673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q504027","display_name":"Lidar","level":2,"score":0.7402482628822327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169258074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245748","display_name":"Random forest","level":2,"score":0.6563558578491211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.6415045857429504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87621631","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69564","display_name":"Taiga","level":2,"score":0.5863257646560669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147103442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423188","display_name":"Forest inventory","level":3,"score":0.5694682598114014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.48380059003829956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776388979","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3422640","display_name":"Red edge","level":3,"score":0.45370903611183167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1549246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q718775","display_name":"Normalized Difference Vegetation Index","level":3,"score":0.44426172971725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.4302979111671448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28631016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q372561","display_name":"Forest management","level":2,"score":0.3032483756542206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.27471262216567993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.24087396264076233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97137747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38112","display_name":"Forestry","level":1,"score":0.23078513145446777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.17623919248580933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.14546746015548706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25989453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q446746","display_name":"Leaf area index","level":2,"score":0.13733485341072083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54286561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q397350","display_name":"Agroforestry","level":1,"score":0.11063292622566223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159078339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959005","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","level":2,"score":0.09563478827476501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/igarss.2014.6946357","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2014.6946357","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7799999713897705,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life in Land"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2056380340","https://openalex.org/W2084291846","https://openalex.org/W2109191549","https://openalex.org/W2150986124"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3207046288","https://openalex.org/W3023446922","https://openalex.org/W2883563055","https://openalex.org/W2765876372","https://openalex.org/W2995370404","https://openalex.org/W2166137953","https://openalex.org/W2208843201","https://openalex.org/W1983585394","https://openalex.org/W3088563418","https://openalex.org/W3149401764"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Tree":[0],"species":[1,26,47,96],"composition":[2],"is":[3,10,27],"an":[4],"indicator":[5],"of":[6,38,86,121],"forest":[7,16,30,57],"type.":[8],"It":[9],"also":[11],"a":[12,52],"required":[13],"attribute":[14],"in":[15,51],"inventory,":[17],"biomass":[18],"and":[19,42,59,73,115,117],"stand":[20],"volume":[21],"estimation.":[22],"Accurate":[23],"mapping":[24],"tree":[25,46,95],"essential":[28],"for":[29,94],"management":[31],"purposes.":[32],"In":[33],"this":[34],"paper":[35],"the":[36,77],"performances":[37],"LiDAR,":[39],"RapidEye":[40,74,122],"data,":[41],"their":[43],"combination":[44],"on":[45],"classification":[48,64,78,104],"were":[49,66,106],"investigated":[50],"boreal":[53],"forest.":[54],"Both":[55],"Random":[56],"(RF)":[58],"support":[60],"vector":[61],"machine":[62],"(SVM)":[63],"methods":[65],"performed.":[67],"Results":[68],"indicated":[69],"that":[70,100],"combined":[71],"LiDAR":[72],"data":[75,87],"improved":[76],"accuracy":[79,105],"significantly,":[80],"compare":[81],"to":[82,103],"using":[83],"each":[84],"type":[85],"separately.":[88],"The":[89],"RF":[90],"classifier":[91],"outperformed":[92],"SVM":[93],"classification.":[97],"Six":[98],"variables":[99],"contributed":[101],"most":[102],"digital":[107],"elevation":[108],"model,":[109],"slope,":[110],"canopy":[111],"height,":[112],"red-edge":[113,116],"NDVI,":[114],"Near":[118],"infrared":[119],"bands":[120],"data.":[123]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
