{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2067516014","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2013.6721265","title":"A new method to determine the freeze-thaw erosion","display_name":"A new method to determine the freeze-thaw erosion","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2067516014","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2013.6721265","mag":"2067516014"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/igarss.2013.6721265","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2013.6721265","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2013 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium - IGARSS","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037001840","display_name":"Linna Chai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8295-8973"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Linna Chai","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geography and Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, China","State Key Lab. of Remote Sensing Sci., Jointly Sponsored by Beijing Normal Univ., Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geography and Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Lab. of Remote Sensing Sci., Jointly Sponsored by Beijing Normal Univ., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100427818","display_name":"Lixin Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9557-2516"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lixin Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geography and Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, China","State Key Lab. of Remote Sensing Sci., Jointly Sponsored by Beijing Normal Univ., Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geography and Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Lab. of Remote Sensing Sci., Jointly Sponsored by Beijing Normal Univ., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046891848","display_name":"Zhenguo Hao","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhenguo Hao","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Calibration Center for Electro-optical Distance Meter, Beijing, China","Nat. Calibration Center for Electro-Opt. Distance Meter, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Calibration Center for Electro-optical Distance Meter, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nat. Calibration Center for Electro-Opt. Distance Meter, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056336938","display_name":"Lingmei Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9847-9034"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lingmei Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geography and Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, China","State Key Lab. of Remote Sensing Sci., Jointly Sponsored by Beijing Normal Univ., Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geography and Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Lab. of Remote Sensing Sci., Jointly Sponsored by Beijing Normal Univ., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101660047","display_name":"Shaojie Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5003-6971"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shaojie Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geography and Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, China","State Key Lab. of Remote Sensing Sci., Jointly Sponsored by Beijing Normal Univ., Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geography and Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Lab. of Remote Sensing Sci., Jointly Sponsored by Beijing Normal Univ., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028494415","display_name":"Xiaokang Kou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1685-3166"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaokang Kou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geography and Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, China","State Key Lab. of Remote Sensing Sci., Jointly Sponsored by Beijing Normal Univ., Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geography and Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Lab. of Remote Sensing Sci., Jointly Sponsored by Beijing Normal Univ., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5037001840"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4483,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69526888,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"747","last_page":"750"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11333","display_name":"Climate change and permafrost","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11333","display_name":"Climate change and permafrost","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10644","display_name":"Cryospheric studies and observations","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/erosion","display_name":"Erosion","score":0.7839161157608032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/china","display_name":"China","score":0.6235978007316589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plateau","display_name":"Plateau (mathematics)","score":0.5767689347267151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-erosion","display_name":"Water erosion","score":0.5692999362945557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.5650193691253662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aeolian-processes","display_name":"Aeolian processes","score":0.463761568069458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydrology","display_name":"Hydrology (agriculture)","score":0.45677605271339417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/index","display_name":"Index (typography)","score":0.43823832273483276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-geography","display_name":"Physical geography","score":0.3891755938529968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.34934327006340027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.197841614484787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.19739925861358643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geotechnical-engineering","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","score":0.1704806387424469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geomorphology","display_name":"Geomorphology","score":0.1584995985031128}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123157820","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80026","display_name":"Erosion","level":2,"score":0.7839161157608032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.6235978007316589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780030769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4968575","display_name":"Plateau (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5767689347267151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994604693","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80026","display_name":"Water erosion","level":3,"score":0.5692999362945557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5650193691253662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180093795","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215839","display_name":"Aeolian processes","level":2,"score":0.463761568069458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76886044","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2883300","display_name":"Hydrology (agriculture)","level":2,"score":0.45677605271339417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777382242","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6017816","display_name":"Index (typography)","level":2,"score":0.43823832273483276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100970517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52107","display_name":"Physical geography","level":1,"score":0.3891755938529968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.34934327006340027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.197841614484787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.19739925861358643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.1704806387424469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114793014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52109","display_name":"Geomorphology","level":1,"score":0.1584995985031128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/igarss.2013.6721265","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2013.6721265","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2013 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium - IGARSS","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life in Land","score":0.7400000095367432,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2003304822","https://openalex.org/W2008254587","https://openalex.org/W2056255089","https://openalex.org/W2084725057","https://openalex.org/W2103746463","https://openalex.org/W3142027821"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3186168166","https://openalex.org/W2378989684","https://openalex.org/W2382276101","https://openalex.org/W2390313265","https://openalex.org/W1991751172","https://openalex.org/W2393850473","https://openalex.org/W2377226800","https://openalex.org/W2054695285","https://openalex.org/W2038398106","https://openalex.org/W4200153118"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Freeze-thaw":[0],"erosion":[1,7,11,88,120,145],"is":[2,16,59,147],"the":[3,38,50,64,71,86,91,99,118,131,141],"third":[4],"largest":[5],"soil":[6],"type":[8],"after":[9],"water":[10,28,74],"and":[12,23,48,70,90,130,138],"wind":[13],"erosion,":[14],"which":[15],"a":[17,33],"serious":[18,143],"threat":[19],"to":[20,46,84,97],"agricultural":[21],"land":[22],"various":[24],"buildings,":[25],"especially":[26],"for":[27],"projects.":[29],"In":[30],"this":[31,56,107],"paper,":[32],"new":[34,57,108],"method":[35,58,109],"based":[36],"on":[37],"passive":[39],"microwave":[40],"remote":[41],"sensing":[42],"technique":[43],"was":[44],"proposed":[45],"classify":[47],"assess":[49],"freeze-thaw":[51,65,87,102,119,144],"erosion.":[52,103],"The":[53,78,104],"core":[54],"of":[55,101,106,133],"at":[60],"two":[61],"important":[62],"indices:":[63],"cycling":[66],"days":[67],"per":[68,76],"year,":[69],"phase":[72],"transition":[73],"content":[75],"day.":[77],"first":[79],"index":[80,93],"can":[81,94],"be":[82,95],"used":[83,96],"determine":[85],"region":[89,146],"second":[92],"evaluate":[98],"degree":[100],"application":[105],"in":[110,122,127,149],"China":[111,123],"shows":[112],"good":[113],"result.":[114],"It":[115],"indicates":[116],"that":[117],"regions":[121],"are":[124],"mainly":[125],"distributed":[126],"Tibet,":[128],"Mongolia":[129],"province":[132],"Qinghai,":[134],"Xinjiang,":[135],"Gansu,":[136],"Sichuan":[137],"Heilongjiang.":[139],"Furthermore,":[140],"comparably":[142],"located":[148],"Tibet":[150],"Plateau.":[151]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}