{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1979020086","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2012.6350953","title":"Estimation of heavy metal concentration in the Pearl River estuarine waters from remote sensing data","display_name":"Estimation of heavy metal concentration in the Pearl River estuarine waters from remote sensing data","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1979020086","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2012.6350953","mag":"1979020086"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/igarss.2012.6350953","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2012.6350953","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088401193","display_name":"Chuqun Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101167","display_name":"Institute of Oceanology","ror":"https://ror.org/018yw5541","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210101167"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210103685","display_name":"South China Sea Institute Of Oceanology","ror":"https://ror.org/0192yj155","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210103685"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chuqun Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Oceanography in the Tropics, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Oceanography in the Tropics, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210103685","https://openalex.org/I4210101167"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033725352","display_name":"Fenfen Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9031-7620"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101167","display_name":"Institute of Oceanology","ror":"https://ror.org/018yw5541","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210101167"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210103685","display_name":"South China Sea Institute Of Oceanology","ror":"https://ror.org/0192yj155","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210103685"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fenfen Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","State Key Laboratory of Oceanography in the Tropics, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Oceanography in the Tropics, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210103685","https://openalex.org/I4210101167"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103255020","display_name":"Shilin Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0581-1203"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101167","display_name":"Institute of Oceanology","ror":"https://ror.org/018yw5541","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210101167"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210103685","display_name":"South China Sea Institute Of Oceanology","ror":"https://ror.org/0192yj155","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210103685"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shilin Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Oceanography in the Tropics, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Oceanography in the Tropics, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210103685","https://openalex.org/I4210101167"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5088401193"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101167","https://openalex.org/I4210103685"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3926,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.6052148,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"2575","last_page":"2578"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10819","display_name":"Mercury impact and mitigation studies","score":0.9818000197410583,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10819","display_name":"Mercury impact and mitigation studies","score":0.9818000197410583,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10032","display_name":"Marine and coastal ecosystems","score":0.9768000245094299,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14249","display_name":"Water Quality Monitoring and Analysis","score":0.946399986743927,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2311","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/colored-dissolved-organic-matter","display_name":"Colored dissolved organic matter","score":0.8228901624679565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.7843411564826965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estuary","display_name":"Estuary","score":0.7344260215759277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-quality","display_name":"Water quality","score":0.6414855122566223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eutrophication","display_name":"Eutrophication","score":0.5072360038757324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phytoplankton","display_name":"Phytoplankton","score":0.4668019115924835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pearl","display_name":"Pearl","score":0.44056233763694763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/salinity","display_name":"Salinity","score":0.44029298424720764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seawater","display_name":"Seawater","score":0.4324825704097748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydrology","display_name":"Hydrology (agriculture)","score":0.3792266249656677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.3416327238082886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-engineering","display_name":"Environmental engineering","score":0.32083648443222046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oceanography","display_name":"Oceanography","score":0.23487111926078796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nutrient","display_name":"Nutrient","score":0.22972550988197327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecology","display_name":"Ecology","score":0.10738241672515869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.08741644024848938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.08012616634368896}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135009316","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q986090","display_name":"Colored dissolved organic matter","level":4,"score":0.8228901624679565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.7843411564826965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88160329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47053","display_name":"Estuary","level":2,"score":0.7344260215759277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780797713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q625376","display_name":"Water quality","level":2,"score":0.6414855122566223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186699998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156698","display_name":"Eutrophication","level":3,"score":0.5072360038757324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780892065","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184755","display_name":"Phytoplankton","level":3,"score":0.4668019115924835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779251273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43436","display_name":"Pearl","level":2,"score":0.44056233763694763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129513315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179615","display_name":"Salinity","level":2,"score":0.44029298424720764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197248824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184395","display_name":"Seawater","level":2,"score":0.4324825704097748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76886044","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2883300","display_name":"Hydrology (agriculture)","level":2,"score":0.3792266249656677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.3416327238082886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87717796","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146326","display_name":"Environmental engineering","level":1,"score":0.32083648443222046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.23487111926078796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142796444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181394","display_name":"Nutrient","level":2,"score":0.22972550988197327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.10738241672515869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.08741644024848938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.08012616634368896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/igarss.2012.6350953","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2012.6350953","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6899999976158142,"display_name":"Life below water","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W332316327","https://openalex.org/W608448467","https://openalex.org/W1977118822","https://openalex.org/W1984704531","https://openalex.org/W2010677580","https://openalex.org/W2013461970","https://openalex.org/W2016217894","https://openalex.org/W2025300043","https://openalex.org/W2042040410","https://openalex.org/W2043683651","https://openalex.org/W2043897467","https://openalex.org/W2064401931","https://openalex.org/W2064461787","https://openalex.org/W2082714424","https://openalex.org/W2092469254","https://openalex.org/W2126178076","https://openalex.org/W2170701836","https://openalex.org/W3142693642","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6678955399"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2152361613","https://openalex.org/W2054008762","https://openalex.org/W3149970704","https://openalex.org/W3080175456","https://openalex.org/W2045976785","https://openalex.org/W2889946018","https://openalex.org/W2996101843","https://openalex.org/W2082840995","https://openalex.org/W2317936852","https://openalex.org/W2384025460"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0,158],"the":[1,6,12,32,35,69,74,107,137,161,175,203,223,247,257,268,279,303,340,346,355,358,367,378,410,417,432,438,446,457,468,471],"increase":[2],"of":[3,8,20,86,99,102,140,154,171,185,205,249,295,312,342,357,420,425,456,470],"population":[4],"and":[5,22,48,83,124,147,156,198,233,237,267,320,322,329,345,364,366,409],"development":[7],"light":[9],"industry":[10],"in":[11,73,178,181,222,227,273,403],"Pearl":[13,224],"River":[14,225],"Delta":[15],"area,":[16],"a":[17,261,292],"great":[18],"deal":[19],"industrial":[21],"household":[23],"waste":[24],"waters":[25,76],"with":[26,50,264,291,386,416,442],"heavy":[27,39,56,70,176,207,316,360,380,426,443,458,473],"metals":[28,40,57,177,317,361,381,459],"are":[29,58],"discharged":[30],"to":[31,60,67,167,288,338,350,450],"ocean":[33],"via":[34],"river":[36],"channels.":[37],"The":[38,89,129,254,331,352,373,389,464],"cannot":[41],"be":[42,46,393,414],"decomposed":[43],"but":[44],"can":[45],"transferred":[47],"accumulated":[49],"food":[51],"chains":[52],"[1,":[53],"2].":[54],"Many":[55],"toxic":[59],"human":[61],"beings.":[62],"It":[63],"is":[64,165,187,476],"very":[65],"important":[66],"measure":[68],"metal":[71,208,427],"concentration":[72,209,313,356,428,475],"coastal":[75],"for":[77,84,97,143,218,246,275,309,314,423,454],"water":[78,103,125,141,172,179,304,324],"quality":[79,126,142],"investigation,":[80],"environmental":[81],"management":[82],"security":[85],"aquaculture":[87],"products.":[88],"remote":[90,130,162,211,250,368],"sensing":[91,131,163,212,251,369],"technology":[92,132],"has":[93,133,437],"been":[94],"successfully":[95],"applied":[96,449],"estimation":[98,424,455],"many":[100,134],"parameters":[101,170],"quality,":[104],"such":[105],"as":[106],"suspended":[108,193],"sediments":[109],"[3],":[110],"chlorophyll":[111],"a,":[112],"[4-6],":[113],"CDOM":[114],"(colored":[115],"dissolved":[116,195],"organic":[117,196],"matter)":[118],"[7-8],":[119],"eutrophication":[120],"[9-10],":[121],"salinity":[122],"[11],":[123],"grades":[127],"[12].":[128],"advantages":[135],"over":[136],"conventional":[138],"investigation":[139],"its":[144,159],"high":[145],"spatial":[146],"temporal":[148],"resolution,":[149],"low":[150],"cost,":[151],"big":[152],"coverage":[153],"data":[155,220,335,401,453],"synchronization.":[157],"development,":[160],"technique":[164],"expected":[166],"retrieve":[168],"more":[169],"quality.":[173],"As":[174],"exist":[180],"three":[182,315,359,379,472],"forms[13-14],":[183],"each":[184],"which":[186,436],"respectively":[188,399],"controlled":[189],"by":[190,260],"optically-significant":[191],"parameters,":[192],"sediments,":[194,327],"matters":[197],"phytoplankton.":[199],"Previous":[200],"work":[201],"showed":[202,375,466],"possibility":[204],"detecting":[206],"from":[210,286,400],"data[15].":[213],"Eight":[214],"cruises":[215],"were":[216,271,306,336,371,429,448],"conducted":[217],"in-situ":[219,332],"collection":[221],"estuary":[226],"August,":[228],"October,":[229],"November,":[230],"December":[231],"2009":[232],"February,":[234],"March,":[235],"July":[236],"October":[238],"2010,":[239],"respectively.":[240],"An":[241],"above-water":[242],"method":[243],"was":[244,397],"used":[245],"measurement":[248],"reflectance":[252,266,370],"(Rrs).":[253],"water-leaving":[255],"radiance,":[256],"radiance":[258,270],"reflected":[259],"reference":[262],"panel":[263],"25%":[265],"sky":[269],"measured":[272,333],"turn":[274],"3":[276],"times":[277],"using":[278,431],"Ocean":[280],"Optics":[281],"USB4000":[282],"spectrometer":[283],"(wavelength":[284],"range":[285],"346":[287],"1037":[289],"nm":[290],"spectral":[293],"resolution":[294],"0.22":[296],"nm)":[297],"at":[298],"128":[299],"sampling":[300],"points,":[301],"where":[302],"samples":[305],"synchronously":[307],"collected":[308,402],"lab":[310],"analysis":[311],"(Cu,":[318,362,460],"Pb":[319,363],"Zn)":[321,365,462],"other":[323],"components":[325],"(suspended":[326],"chlorophyll-a":[328],"CDOM).":[330],"Rrs":[334,387],"calculated":[337],"match":[339],"bands":[341],"EO-1":[343],"Hyperion":[344],"Landsat-TM":[347],"band":[348,418,434],"1":[349],"4.":[351],"relationships":[353],"between":[354],"analysed.":[372],"results":[374,465],"that":[376,467],"all":[377],"have":[382],"good":[383],"correlative":[384,390,411,440],"relation":[385,391,412],"data.":[388],"could":[392,413],"improved":[394,415],"if":[395],"it":[396],"analyzed":[398],"dry":[404],"season":[405],"or":[406],"wet":[407],"season,":[408],"ratio":[419,433],"Rrs.":[421],"Algorithms":[422],"developed":[430],"combination,":[435],"maximum":[439],"coefficient":[441],"metals.":[444],"Then":[445],"algorithms":[447],"Landsat":[451],"TM":[452],"Pb,":[461],"concentration.":[463],"distribution":[469],"metals'":[474],"reasonable.":[477]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-15T23:13:30.683059","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}