{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2138415585","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2011.6049873","title":"Comparison of microwave emission model for frozen soil and field observation","display_name":"Comparison of microwave emission model for frozen soil and field observation","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2138415585","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2011.6049873","mag":"2138415585"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/igarss.2011.6049873","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2011.6049873","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046891848","display_name":"Zhenguo Hao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166112","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05wzjqa24","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhenguo Hao","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Center of Remote Sensing and GIS, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Center of Remote Sensing and GIS, Beijing Normal University, China, 100875"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Center of Remote Sensing and GIS, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112","https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Center of Remote Sensing and GIS, Beijing Normal University, China, 100875","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101660047","display_name":"Shaojie Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5003-6971"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166112","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05wzjqa24","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shaojie Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Center of Remote Sensing and GIS, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, Beijing, CN","State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Center of Remote Sensing and GIS, Beijing Normal University, China, 100875"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Center of Remote Sensing and GIS, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, Beijing, CN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112","https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Center of Remote Sensing and GIS, Beijing Normal University, China, 100875","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100427818","display_name":"Lixin Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9557-2516"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166112","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05wzjqa24","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lixin Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Center of Remote Sensing and GIS, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, Beijing, CN","State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Center of Remote Sensing and GIS, Beijing Normal University, China, 100875"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Center of Remote Sensing and GIS, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, Beijing, CN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112","https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Center of Remote Sensing and GIS, Beijing Normal University, China, 100875","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056336938","display_name":"Lingmei Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9847-9034"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166112","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05wzjqa24","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lingmei Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Center of Remote Sensing and GIS, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, Beijing, CN","State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Center of Remote Sensing and GIS, Beijing Normal University, China, 100875"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Center of Remote Sensing and GIS, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, Beijing, CN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112","https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Center of Remote Sensing and GIS, Beijing Normal University, China, 100875","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048186136","display_name":"Lijiao Xiao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166112","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05wzjqa24","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lijiao Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Center of Remote Sensing and GIS, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, Beijing, CN","State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Center of Remote Sensing and GIS, Beijing Normal University, China, 100875"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Center of Remote Sensing and GIS, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, Beijing, CN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112","https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Center of Remote Sensing and GIS, Beijing Normal University, China, 100875","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4623,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70652082,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"3097","last_page":"3100"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11333","display_name":"Climate change and permafrost","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11333","display_name":"Climate change and permafrost","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10644","display_name":"Cryospheric studies and observations","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiative-transfer","display_name":"Radiative transfer","score":0.6603906154632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scattering","display_name":"Scattering","score":0.6245500445365906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/volume","display_name":"Volume (thermodynamics)","score":0.567730188369751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brightness","display_name":"Brightness","score":0.5411099791526794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brightness-temperature","display_name":"Brightness temperature","score":0.5195877552032471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microwave","display_name":"Microwave","score":0.45808306336402893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-radiative-transfer-codes","display_name":"Atmospheric radiative transfer codes","score":0.4262278378009796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.4214457869529724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.41017404198646545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.34095606207847595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.2609196901321411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1922968626022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermodynamics","display_name":"Thermodynamics","score":0.11880126595497131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.05811887979507446}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74902906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1190858","display_name":"Radiative transfer","level":2,"score":0.6603906154632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191486275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210028","display_name":"Scattering","level":2,"score":0.6245500445365906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20556612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4469374","display_name":"Volume (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.567730188369751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125245961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221656","display_name":"Brightness","level":2,"score":0.5411099791526794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53802167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4538627","display_name":"Brightness temperature","level":3,"score":0.5195877552032471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44838205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127995","display_name":"Microwave","level":2,"score":0.45808306336402893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199390426","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2353151","display_name":"Atmospheric radiative transfer codes","level":3,"score":0.4262278378009796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4214457869529724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.41017404198646545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.34095606207847595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.2609196901321411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1922968626022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.11880126595497131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.05811887979507446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/igarss.2011.6049873","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2011.6049873","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life in Land","score":0.6100000143051147}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2023430942","https://openalex.org/W2044927495","https://openalex.org/W2061515890","https://openalex.org/W2098931551","https://openalex.org/W2106920307","https://openalex.org/W2123039388","https://openalex.org/W2152913399","https://openalex.org/W2171006361","https://openalex.org/W6676196961"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1983414154","https://openalex.org/W2090659657","https://openalex.org/W216125233","https://openalex.org/W2111586823","https://openalex.org/W4243776866","https://openalex.org/W4386798815","https://openalex.org/W3031094829","https://openalex.org/W2390005173","https://openalex.org/W2023963387","https://openalex.org/W2042943922"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Spectral":[0],"Gradient":[1],"(SG)":[2],"is":[3,99],"one":[4],"of":[5,40,54,60,65,90,97],"indictors":[6],"that":[7,22,43,77],"had":[8],"been":[9],"used":[10,48],"to":[11,49],"classify":[12],"prairie":[13],"soil":[14,92],"as":[15],"either":[16],"frozen":[17,34,55,91],"or":[18],"thawed.":[19],"Researchers":[20],"suggested":[21],"negative":[23],"spectral":[24],"gradients":[25],"are":[26],"caused":[27],"by":[28],"volume":[29,45,79],"scattering":[30,46,80],"darkening":[31],"within":[32],"the":[33,51,58,63,78,95],"soil.":[35,56],"A":[36],"radiative":[37],"transfer":[38],"version":[39],"first":[41],"order":[42],"considered":[44,84],"was":[47,68],"simulate":[50],"brightness":[52],"temperature":[53,96],"On":[57],"basis":[59],"sensitivity":[61],"analysis,":[62],"prediction":[64],"this":[66],"model":[67],"compared":[69],"with":[70],"ground":[71,98],"experimental":[72],"measurements.":[73],"The":[74],"results":[75],"show":[76],"effect":[81],"should":[82],"be":[83],"when":[85,94],"modeling":[86],"and":[87],"measured":[88],"BT":[89],"especially":[93],"low.":[100]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
