{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2096552060","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2009.5417702","title":"Digital beamforming analysis and performance for a digital L-band Pseudo-correlation radiometer","display_name":"Digital beamforming analysis and performance for a digital L-band Pseudo-correlation radiometer","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2096552060","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2009.5417702","mag":"2096552060"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/igarss.2009.5417702","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2009.5417702","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071403178","display_name":"Xavier Bosch-Lluis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7608-0559"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9617848","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya","ror":"https://ror.org/03mb6wj31","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"X. Bosch-Lluis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Remote Sensing Laboratory, Department TSC, D3,IEEC-CRAE, Universitat Polilt\u00e8cnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain","Remote Sensing Lab, Dept. TSC, D3, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya and IEEC CRAE/UPC"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing Laboratory, Department TSC, D3,IEEC-CRAE, Universitat Polilt\u00e8cnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing Lab, Dept. TSC, D3, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya and IEEC CRAE/UPC","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071026107","display_name":"I. Ramos\u2010Perez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5490-5505"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9617848","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya","ror":"https://ror.org/03mb6wj31","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"I. Ramos-Perez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Remote Sensing Laboratory, Department TSC, D3,IEEC-CRAE, Universitat Polilt\u00e8cnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain","Remote Sensing Lab, Dept. TSC, D3, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya and IEEC CRAE/UPC"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing Laboratory, Department TSC, D3,IEEC-CRAE, Universitat Polilt\u00e8cnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing Lab, Dept. TSC, D3, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya and IEEC CRAE/UPC","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073492252","display_name":"Adriano Camps","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9514-4992"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9617848","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya","ror":"https://ror.org/03mb6wj31","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Camps","raw_affiliation_strings":["Remote Sensing Laboratory, Department TSC, D3,IEEC-CRAE, Universitat Polilt\u00e8cnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain","Remote Sensing Lab, Dept. TSC, D3, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya and IEEC CRAE/UPC"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing Laboratory, Department TSC, D3,IEEC-CRAE, Universitat Polilt\u00e8cnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing Lab, Dept. TSC, D3, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya and IEEC CRAE/UPC","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036058658","display_name":"Nereida Rodriguez-Alvarez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9382-0686"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9617848","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya","ror":"https://ror.org/03mb6wj31","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"N. Rodriguez-Alvarez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Remote Sensing Laboratory, Department TSC, D3,IEEC-CRAE, Universitat Polilt\u00e8cnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain","Remote Sensing Lab, Dept. TSC, D3, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya and IEEC CRAE/UPC"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing Laboratory, Department TSC, D3,IEEC-CRAE, Universitat Polilt\u00e8cnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing Lab, Dept. TSC, D3, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya and IEEC CRAE/UPC","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077302112","display_name":"J. F. Marchan-Hernandez","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9617848","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya","ror":"https://ror.org/03mb6wj31","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J.F. Marchan-Hernandez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Remote Sensing Laboratory, Department TSC, D3,IEEC-CRAE, Universitat Polilt\u00e8cnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain","Remote Sensing Lab, Dept. TSC, D3, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya and IEEC CRAE/UPC"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing Laboratory, Department TSC, D3,IEEC-CRAE, Universitat Polilt\u00e8cnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing Lab, Dept. TSC, D3, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya and IEEC CRAE/UPC","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018755444","display_name":"E. Valencia","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9617848","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya","ror":"https://ror.org/03mb6wj31","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. Valencia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Remote Sensing Laboratory, Department TSC, D3,IEEC-CRAE, Universitat Polilt\u00e8cnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain","Remote Sensing Lab, Dept. TSC, D3, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya and IEEC CRAE/UPC"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing Laboratory, Department TSC, D3,IEEC-CRAE, Universitat Polilt\u00e8cnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing Lab, Dept. TSC, D3, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya and IEEC CRAE/UPC","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042741511","display_name":"Jorge Mart\u00ednez Nieto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9075-7100"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9617848","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya","ror":"https://ror.org/03mb6wj31","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J.M. Nieto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Remote Sensing Laboratory, Department TSC, D3,IEEC-CRAE, Universitat Polilt\u00e8cnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain","Remote Sensing Lab, Dept. TSC, D3, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya and IEEC CRAE/UPC"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing Laboratory, Department TSC, D3,IEEC-CRAE, Universitat Polilt\u00e8cnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing Lab, Dept. TSC, D3, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya and IEEC CRAE/UPC","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103558090","display_name":"M. A. Guerrero","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9617848","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya","ror":"https://ror.org/03mb6wj31","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M.A. Guerrero","raw_affiliation_strings":["Remote Sensing Laboratory, Department TSC, D3,IEEC-CRAE, Universitat Polilt\u00e8cnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain","Remote Sensing Lab, Dept. TSC, D3, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya and IEEC CRAE/UPC"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing Laboratory, Department TSC, D3,IEEC-CRAE, Universitat Polilt\u00e8cnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing Lab, Dept. TSC, D3, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya and IEEC CRAE/UPC","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.388,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82159791,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"43","issue":null,"first_page":"V","last_page":"184"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11698","display_name":"Underwater Acoustics Research","score":0.9847999811172485,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.9645000100135803,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiometer","display_name":"Radiometer","score":0.8610968589782715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.7357679009437561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microwave-radiometer","display_name":"Microwave radiometer","score":0.6084936261177063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/l-band","display_name":"L band","score":0.4917459785938263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.4436348080635071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiplexing","display_name":"Multiplexing","score":0.419028639793396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.4145282506942749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.38452455401420593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.3266564607620239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.21055126190185547}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120189094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q850281","display_name":"Radiometer","level":2,"score":0.8610968589782715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.7357679009437561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96960616","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3814470","display_name":"Microwave radiometer","level":3,"score":0.6084936261177063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133969743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2362353","display_name":"L band","level":2,"score":0.4917459785938263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.4436348080635071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19275194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q222903","display_name":"Multiplexing","level":2,"score":0.419028639793396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.4145282506942749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.38452455401420593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.3266564607620239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.21055126190185547}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/igarss.2009.5417702","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2009.5417702","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","score":0.8799999952316284,"display_name":"Life below water"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1864045995","https://openalex.org/W2036943784","https://openalex.org/W2085656947","https://openalex.org/W2143302344","https://openalex.org/W2159185012","https://openalex.org/W2160057288","https://openalex.org/W2160402506","https://openalex.org/W2169839252","https://openalex.org/W3045395205"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2381259876","https://openalex.org/W2016007472","https://openalex.org/W2360231461","https://openalex.org/W2413930784","https://openalex.org/W2140108161","https://openalex.org/W2005776842","https://openalex.org/W1983957298","https://openalex.org/W2388976256","https://openalex.org/W2547530264","https://openalex.org/W2516103524"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"Passive":[1],"Advanced":[2],"Unit":[3],"(PAU)":[4],"for":[5],"ocean":[6],"monitoring":[7],"is":[8,99,103],"a":[9,15,22,29,74],"novel":[10],"instrument":[11],"that":[12,69],"combines,":[13],"in":[14,88,91,120],"single":[16],"receiver":[17],"and":[18,28,48,67],"without":[19],"time":[20],"multiplexing,":[21],"microwave":[23],"radiometer":[24,39,76],"at":[25],"L-band":[26],"(PAU-RAD)":[27],"GPS-reflectometer":[30],"(PAU-GNSS/R).":[31],"These":[32],"two":[33],"sensors":[34],"together":[35],"with":[36,77],"an":[37],"infra-red":[38],"(PAU-IR)":[40],"will":[41,70],"simultaneously":[42],"provide":[43],"the":[44,49,63,81,84,94,106,112],"sea":[45,50,57],"surface":[46,58],"temperature":[47],"state":[51],"information":[52],"needed":[53],"to":[54,72,83,105],"accurately":[55],"retrieve":[56],"salinity.":[59],"This":[60],"paper":[61],"presents":[62],"developed":[64],"PAU-RAD":[65,109],"hardware":[66],"software":[68],"allow":[71],"obtain":[73],"digital":[75,78],"beamformer.":[79],"After":[80],"introduction":[82],"PAU":[85],"concept":[86,95],"presented":[87],"section":[89,121],"1,":[90],"secton":[92],"2":[93],"of":[96,108,115],"Digital":[97],"Beamforming":[98],"detailed.":[100],"Section":[101],"3":[102],"devoted":[104],"developement":[107],"and,":[110],"finally,":[111],"main":[113],"conclusions":[114],"this":[116],"work":[117],"are":[118],"resumed":[119],"4.":[122]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}