{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2157785766","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2004.1369047","title":"Forward scattering phenomena at low grazing","display_name":"Forward scattering phenomena at low grazing","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-12-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2157785766","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2004.1369047","mag":"2157785766"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/igarss.2004.1369047","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2004.1369047","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE International IEEE International IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, 2004. IGARSS '04. Proceedings. 2004","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103574450","display_name":"Mark S. Mirotznik Jerry R. Smith","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mark S. Mirotznik Jerry R. Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103574450"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":null,"first_page":"402","last_page":"405"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10739","display_name":"Electromagnetic Scattering and Analysis","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10739","display_name":"Electromagnetic Scattering and Analysis","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11061","display_name":"Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing","score":0.9926000237464905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scattering","display_name":"Scattering","score":0.7690345048904419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.603553295135498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rotation","display_name":"Rotation (mathematics)","score":0.5807419419288635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.5597716569900513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interference","display_name":"Interference (communication)","score":0.5353783369064331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forward-scatter","display_name":"Forward scatter","score":0.5051401257514954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plane","display_name":"Plane (geometry)","score":0.47935277223587036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","score":0.456013023853302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.4419213831424713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-physics","display_name":"Computational physics","score":0.40529772639274597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.15017640590667725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.12402552366256714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.10069727897644043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.09758886694908142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.08530926704406738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.08099392056465149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerospace-engineering","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","score":0.07681551575660706}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191486275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210028","display_name":"Scattering","level":2,"score":0.7690345048904419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.603553295135498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74050887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848368","display_name":"Rotation (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5807419419288635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.5597716569900513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.5353783369064331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54644633","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5473287","display_name":"Forward scatter","level":3,"score":0.5051401257514954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17825722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17285","display_name":"Plane (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.47935277223587036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.456013023853302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.4419213831424713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30475298","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909554","display_name":"Computational physics","level":1,"score":0.40529772639274597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.15017640590667725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.12402552366256714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.10069727897644043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.09758886694908142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.08530926704406738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08099392056465149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.07681551575660706}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/igarss.2004.1369047","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2004.1369047","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE International IEEE International IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, 2004. IGARSS '04. Proceedings. 2004","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","display_name":"Life below water","score":0.8799999952316284}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1529410770","https://openalex.org/W1587251493","https://openalex.org/W2125508516","https://openalex.org/W2141702730","https://openalex.org/W2172274611","https://openalex.org/W4300056088"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2375786911","https://openalex.org/W2367630196","https://openalex.org/W756944427","https://openalex.org/W2349547031","https://openalex.org/W2358871510","https://openalex.org/W278619663","https://openalex.org/W2319023408","https://openalex.org/W4385061335","https://openalex.org/W239003920","https://openalex.org/W2623840379"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"series":[1],"of":[2,15,20,81],"low":[3,48],"angle":[4],"radar":[5],"measurements":[6,26],"was":[7],"conducted":[8],"over":[9],"a":[10,17,32,66,79,88,103],"large":[11],"wave":[12,91],"pool":[13],"capable":[14],"producing":[16],"wide":[18],"range":[19],"scaled":[21],"sea":[22,39,90],"conditions.":[23],"The":[24,41,60,75],"X-band":[25],"observed":[27,43],"the":[28,52,69,96,100],"forward":[29,82],"scattering":[30,83],"from":[31],"1D,":[33],"1/10th":[34],"scale":[35],"Pierson-Moskowitz":[36],"surface":[37],"at":[38,47],"states.":[40],"experiment":[42],"several":[44],"interesting":[45],"phenomena":[46,113],"grazing":[49],"angles":[50],"including":[51],"Lloyd":[53,61],"mirror":[54,62],"rotation":[55,63],"effect":[56,64],"and":[57,116],"channeling":[58,76],"phenomenon.":[59],"is":[65,78],"shift":[67],"in":[68],"interference":[70],"pattern":[71],"due":[72],"to":[73],"shadowing.":[74],"phenomenon":[77],"type":[80],"that":[84],"occasionally":[85],"occurs":[86],"when":[87],"well-formed":[89],"briefly":[92],"reflects":[93],"or":[94],"focuses":[95],"out-of-plane":[97],"energy":[98],"towards":[99],"receiver,":[101],"yielding":[102],"higher":[104],"than":[105],"expected,":[106],"broad-band":[107],"power":[108],"gain.":[109],"Observations":[110],"for":[111],"both":[112],"are":[114,119],"summarized":[115],"physical":[117],"explanations":[118],"provided":[120]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
