{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2170044867","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2003.1295556","title":"Doppler analysis of GPS reflections from the ocean surface","display_name":"Doppler analysis of GPS reflections from the ocean surface","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-05-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2170044867","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2003.1295556","mag":"2170044867"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/igarss.2003.1295556","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2003.1295556","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IGARSS 2003. 2003 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. Proceedings (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37477)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112495487","display_name":"D. R. Thompson","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802946424","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/029pp9z10","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948","https://openalex.org/I2802946424"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"D.R. Thompson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Applied Physics Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University, Laurel, MD, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Applied Physics Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University, Laurel, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802946424"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074533858","display_name":"Lloyd A. Linstrom","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802946424","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/029pp9z10","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948","https://openalex.org/I2802946424"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L.A. Linstrom","raw_affiliation_strings":["Applied Physics Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University, Laurel, MD, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Applied Physics Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University, Laurel, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802946424"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073642914","display_name":"R. F. Gasparovic","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802946424","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/029pp9z10","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948","https://openalex.org/I2802946424"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R.F. Gasparovic","raw_affiliation_strings":["Applied Physics Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University, Laurel, MD, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Applied Physics Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University, Laurel, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802946424"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113680495","display_name":"T. Elfouhaily","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155062","display_name":"Physique des interactions ioniques et mol\u00e9culaires","ror":"https://ror.org/04kgf6p94","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I21491767","https://openalex.org/I4210095849","https://openalex.org/I4210155062"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T.M. Elfouhaily","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire Interactions Ocean-Atmosphere (IOA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Marseilles, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire Interactions Ocean-Atmosphere (IOA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Marseilles, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155062","https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5112495487"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802946424"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3214,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.63746592,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"4489","last_page":"4491"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11061","display_name":"Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11061","display_name":"Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10647","display_name":"Coastal and Marine Dynamics","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1904","display_name":"Earth-Surface Processes"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/doppler-effect","display_name":"Doppler effect","score":0.8316019177436829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.7957342267036438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.6099346876144409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surface-roughness","display_name":"Surface roughness","score":0.5568571090698242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.5219290256500244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polarization","display_name":"Polarization (electrochemistry)","score":0.5200386047363281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scattering","display_name":"Scattering","score":0.5014240741729736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gps-signals","display_name":"GPS signals","score":0.5001556873321533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geodesy","display_name":"Geodesy","score":0.48377320170402527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.333164781332016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/assisted-gps","display_name":"Assisted GPS","score":0.29578644037246704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.25381404161453247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.19987717270851135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.11259850859642029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/astronomy","display_name":"Astronomy","score":0.07758790254592896}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142757262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76436","display_name":"Doppler effect","level":2,"score":0.8316019177436829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.7957342267036438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.6099346876144409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107365816","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q114817","display_name":"Surface roughness","level":2,"score":0.5568571090698242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.5219290256500244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205049153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2698605","display_name":"Polarization (electrochemistry)","level":2,"score":0.5200386047363281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191486275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210028","display_name":"Scattering","level":2,"score":0.5014240741729736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12957241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15903792","display_name":"GPS signals","level":4,"score":0.5001556873321533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.48377320170402527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.333164781332016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198613851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432394","display_name":"Assisted GPS","level":3,"score":0.29578644037246704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.25381404161453247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.19987717270851135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.11259850859642029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.07758790254592896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147789679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372","display_name":"Physical chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/igarss.2003.1295556","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2003.1295556","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IGARSS 2003. 2003 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. Proceedings (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37477)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8700000047683716,"display_name":"Life below water","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1991478744","https://openalex.org/W2014344594","https://openalex.org/W2036393665","https://openalex.org/W2100807107","https://openalex.org/W2107580583","https://openalex.org/W2156219261","https://openalex.org/W2169949952","https://openalex.org/W2979562478"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4248597968","https://openalex.org/W2054128315","https://openalex.org/W1974846654","https://openalex.org/W2386611723","https://openalex.org/W337991944","https://openalex.org/W2184299274","https://openalex.org/W1645560203","https://openalex.org/W2161629363","https://openalex.org/W1983404271","https://openalex.org/W3117113036"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"basic":[1],"physics":[2],"that":[3],"governs":[4],"the":[5,25,40,57,78],"scattering":[6],"of":[7,27,42,88],"GPS":[8,34],"signals":[9,35],"from":[10],"a":[11,84],"wind-roughened":[12],"sea":[13],"surface":[14],"(both":[15],"delay":[16],"and":[17,59,66,72],"Doppler":[18,61,79],"characteristics)":[19],"is":[20],"reviewed.":[21],"We":[22],"then":[23],"describe":[24],"results":[26],"recent":[28],"experimental":[29],"campaigns":[30],"in":[31,39,50,77],"which":[32],"reflected":[33],"have":[36],"been":[37],"recorded":[38],"vicinity":[41],"coastal":[43],"buoys":[44],"or":[45],"research":[46],"vessels":[47],"where":[48],"independent":[49],"situ":[51],"measurements":[52],"were":[53],"available.":[54],"Comparisons":[55],"between":[56],"measured":[58],"predicted":[60],"spectra":[62],"at":[63],"both":[64],"left-":[65],"right-hand":[67],"circular":[68],"polarization":[69,75],"are":[70],"presented":[71],"discussed.":[73],"These":[74],"differences":[76],"characteristics":[80],"could":[81],"lead":[82],"to":[83,93],"more":[85],"robust":[86],"estimation":[87],"various":[89],"geophysical":[90],"parameters":[91],"related":[92],"sea-surface":[94],"roughness.":[95]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}