{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2120758254","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2003.1294820","title":"Sub-pixel land cover mapping based on Markov random field models","display_name":"Sub-pixel land cover mapping based on Markov random field models","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-06-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2120758254","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2003.1294820","mag":"2120758254"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/igarss.2003.1294820","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2003.1294820","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IGARSS 2003. 2003 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. Proceedings (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37477)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086460192","display_name":"Teerasit Kasetkasem","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8871-9284"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I198105771","display_name":"Kasetsart University","ror":"https://ror.org/05gzceg21","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I198105771"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T. Kasetkasem","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Department, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand","Dept. of Electr. Eng., Kasetsart Univ., Bangkok, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I198105771"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. Eng., Kasetsart Univ., Bangkok, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I198105771"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101588123","display_name":"Manoj K. Arora","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3175-5102"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70983195","display_name":"Syracuse University","ror":"https://ror.org/025r5qe02","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70983195"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M.K. Arora","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA","syracuse University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70983195"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"syracuse University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70983195"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003476937","display_name":"P.K. Varshney","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70983195","display_name":"Syracuse University","ror":"https://ror.org/025r5qe02","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70983195"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P.K. Varshney","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA","Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70983195"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6813,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76977664,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":null,"first_page":"3456","last_page":"3458"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12157","display_name":"Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.984000027179718,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.874109148979187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-random-field","display_name":"Markov random field","score":0.7721614241600037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-resolution","display_name":"Image resolution","score":0.7096834778785706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-cover","display_name":"Land cover","score":0.6765443086624146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.6425397992134094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5191375613212585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sub-pixel-resolution","display_name":"Sub-pixel resolution","score":0.48852789402008057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-chain","display_name":"Markov chain","score":0.4792101979255676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-distribution","display_name":"Spatial distribution","score":0.4625396728515625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4171425700187683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-field","display_name":"Random field","score":0.41439124941825867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.33673352003097534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.32186412811279297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.2617169916629791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.21701550483703613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.20718324184417725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-processing","display_name":"Image processing","score":0.18453967571258545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-use","display_name":"Land use","score":0.16048932075500488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.07320308685302734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-image-processing","display_name":"Digital image processing","score":0.07223096489906311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.055421680212020874}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.874109148979187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778045648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176827","display_name":"Markov random field","level":4,"score":0.7721614241600037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205372480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210521","display_name":"Image resolution","level":2,"score":0.7096834778785706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780648208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3001793","display_name":"Land cover","level":3,"score":0.6765443086624146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.6425397992134094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5191375613212585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152363868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7630627","display_name":"Sub-pixel resolution","level":5,"score":0.48852789402008057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98763669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov chain","level":2,"score":0.4792101979255676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777016058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7574061","display_name":"Spatial distribution","level":2,"score":0.4625396728515625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4171425700187683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130402806","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5361768","display_name":"Random field","level":2,"score":0.41439124941825867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.33673352003097534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.32186412811279297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2617169916629791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.21701550483703613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.20718324184417725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.18453967571258545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4792198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165944","display_name":"Land use","level":2,"score":0.16048932075500488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.07320308685302734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Digital image processing","level":4,"score":0.07223096489906311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.055421680212020874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147176958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77590","display_name":"Civil engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/igarss.2003.1294820","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2003.1294820","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IGARSS 2003. 2003 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. Proceedings (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37477)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life in Land","score":0.5799999833106995}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/027ka1x80"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309532","display_name":"Syracuse University","ror":"https://ror.org/025r5qe02"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321977","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee","ror":"https://ror.org/00582g326"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1991018729","https://openalex.org/W2002087357","https://openalex.org/W2048147566","https://openalex.org/W2102150301","https://openalex.org/W2119797204","https://openalex.org/W2137714725"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2170079321","https://openalex.org/W987019958","https://openalex.org/W4233015508","https://openalex.org/W2030382593","https://openalex.org/W1983122994","https://openalex.org/W2078379274","https://openalex.org/W2033503400","https://openalex.org/W2099971354","https://openalex.org/W2133071149","https://openalex.org/W2101965184"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Occurrence":[0],"of":[1,42,78],"mixed":[2,119],"pixels":[3],"in":[4,13],"remote":[5,114],"sensing":[6,115],"images":[7,67,116],"is":[8,105],"a":[9,55,60,89],"common":[10],"phenomenon":[11],"particularly":[12],"coarse":[14,65],"spatial":[15,40,76],"resolution":[16,62,66,84,93],"images.":[17],"In":[18,95],"these":[19],"cases,":[20],"sub-pixel":[21,33,90,109],"or":[22,91],"soft":[23],"classification":[24,34],"may":[25,51,86],"be":[26,52,87],"preferred":[27],"over":[28],"conventional":[29],"hard":[30],"classification.":[31],"However,":[32],"fails":[35],"to":[36,53,107],"account":[37],"for":[38],"the":[39,46,64,75,79],"distribution":[41,77],"class":[43],"proportions":[44],"within":[45],"pixel.":[47],"A":[48],"better":[49],"approach":[50,99],"generate":[54,108],"land":[56,110],"cover":[57,111],"map":[58,85],"at":[59],"finer":[61],"from":[63,113],"based":[68,100],"on":[69,101],"image":[70],"models":[71],"that":[72],"accurately":[73],"characterize":[74],"classes.":[80],"The":[81],"resulting":[82],"fine":[83],"called":[88],"super":[92],"map.":[94],"this":[96],"paper,":[97],"an":[98],"Markov":[102],"random":[103],"fields":[104],"introduced":[106],"maps":[112],"dominated":[117],"by":[118],"pixels.":[120]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
