{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3115173367","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ifuzzy50310.2020.9297814","title":"Adaptive Subspace Sampling for Class Imbalance Processing-Some clarifications, algorithm, and further investigation including applications to Brain Computer Interface","display_name":"Adaptive Subspace Sampling for Class Imbalance Processing-Some clarifications, algorithm, and further investigation including applications to Brain Computer Interface","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-11-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3115173367","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ifuzzy50310.2020.9297814","mag":"3115173367"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ifuzzy50310.2020.9297814","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ifuzzy50310.2020.9297814","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 International Conference on Fuzzy Theory and Its Applications (iFUZZY)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058936239","display_name":"Chin\u2010Teng Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8371-8197"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114017466","display_name":"University of Technology Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03f0f6041","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chin-Teng Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Artificial Intelligence and Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Artificial Intelligence and Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052378221","display_name":"Kuan\u2010Chih Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7100-8091"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148366613","display_name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00se2k293","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kuan-Chih Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer, Engineering and Brain Research Center, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer, Engineering and Brain Research Center, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103224090","display_name":"Nikhil R. Pal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6935-901X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6498739","display_name":"Indian Statistical Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00q2w1j53","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6498739"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nikhil R. Pal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronics and Communication Sciences Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Calcutta, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronics and Communication Sciences Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Calcutta, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6498739"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007077356","display_name":"Zehong Cao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3656-0328"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114017466","display_name":"University of Technology Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03f0f6041","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zehong Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Artificial Intelligence and Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Artificial Intelligence and Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100364307","display_name":"Yuting Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6184-2373"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114017466","display_name":"University of Technology Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03f0f6041","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu-Ting Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Artificial Intelligence and Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Artificial Intelligence and Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021459594","display_name":"Chieh-Ning Fang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114017466","display_name":"University of Technology Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03f0f6041","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chieh-Ning Fang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Artificial Intelligence and Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Artificial Intelligence and Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070656403","display_name":"Tsung-Yu Hsieh","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110357561","display_name":"University of the Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/048gmay44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110357561"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tsung-Yu Hsieh","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Sciences and Technology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Sciences and Technology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110357561","https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100826897","display_name":"Yang-Yin Lin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148366613","display_name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00se2k293","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang-Yin Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brain Research Center, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brain Research Center, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101728881","display_name":"Shang-Lin Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9662-2589"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148366613","display_name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00se2k293","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shang-Lin Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brain Research Center, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brain Research Center, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.17179839,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"1 8","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11652","display_name":"Imbalanced Data Classification Techniques","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11652","display_name":"Imbalanced Data Classification Techniques","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9884999990463257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12254","display_name":"Machine Learning in Bioinformatics","score":0.9577999711036682,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oversampling","display_name":"Oversampling","score":0.8241437077522278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subspace-topology","display_name":"Subspace topology","score":0.7709800004959106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7651346921920776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain\u2013computer-interface","display_name":"Brain\u2013computer interface","score":0.6905348300933838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-subspace","display_name":"Linear subspace","score":0.6844706535339355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-organizing-map","display_name":"Self-organizing map","score":0.593238115310669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.5652180910110474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5005836486816406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4879538416862488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.4856080412864685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/invariant","display_name":"Invariant (physics)","score":0.4799000024795532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interface","display_name":"Interface (matter)","score":0.44781988859176636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4420911967754364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/invariant-subspace","display_name":"Invariant subspace","score":0.42347410321235657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.35390955209732056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.35298264026641846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.34787195920944214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electroencephalography","display_name":"Electroencephalography","score":0.2353001832962036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.13141793012619019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.09564515948295593}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197323446","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q331222","display_name":"Oversampling","level":3,"score":0.8241437077522278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32834561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660730","display_name":"Subspace topology","level":2,"score":0.7709800004959106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7651346921920776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173201364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q897410","display_name":"Brain\u2013computer interface","level":3,"score":0.6905348300933838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12362212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q728435","display_name":"Linear subspace","level":2,"score":0.6844706535339355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111168008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1136838","display_name":"Self-organizing map","level":3,"score":0.593238115310669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.5652180910110474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5005836486816406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4879538416862488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4856080412864685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190470478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2370229","display_name":"Invariant (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4799000024795532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113843644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901882","display_name":"Interface (matter)","level":4,"score":0.44781988859176636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4420911967754364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777059694","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2706744","display_name":"Invariant subspace","level":3,"score":0.42347410321235657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.35390955209732056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.35298264026641846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.34787195920944214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522805319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179965","display_name":"Electroencephalography","level":2,"score":0.2353001832962036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.13141793012619019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.09564515948295593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37914503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156495","display_name":"Mathematical physics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157915830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2928001","display_name":"Bubble","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129307140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6795880","display_name":"Maximum bubble pressure method","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ifuzzy50310.2020.9297814","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ifuzzy50310.2020.9297814","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 International Conference on Fuzzy Theory and Its Applications (iFUZZY)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322108","display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/032e49973"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1563938718","https://openalex.org/W1606295478","https://openalex.org/W2002016471","https://openalex.org/W2003725153","https://openalex.org/W2015681982","https://openalex.org/W2021175324","https://openalex.org/W2042746038","https://openalex.org/W2087240369","https://openalex.org/W2104933073","https://openalex.org/W2118978333","https://openalex.org/W2119191234","https://openalex.org/W2122646361","https://openalex.org/W2128965734","https://openalex.org/W2132039819","https://openalex.org/W2132791018","https://openalex.org/W2147813562","https://openalex.org/W2148143831","https://openalex.org/W2166193663","https://openalex.org/W2182722412","https://openalex.org/W2462401346","https://openalex.org/W2531607313","https://openalex.org/W2613004791","https://openalex.org/W2745217817","https://openalex.org/W2772656773","https://openalex.org/W2806591294","https://openalex.org/W2890380934","https://openalex.org/W2891191143","https://openalex.org/W2892252802","https://openalex.org/W2978149003","https://openalex.org/W3120740533","https://openalex.org/W4297726864","https://openalex.org/W6675634716","https://openalex.org/W6738000196","https://openalex.org/W6751646164","https://openalex.org/W6754744916","https://openalex.org/W6788247690"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4235906205","https://openalex.org/W4301478900","https://openalex.org/W102084567","https://openalex.org/W4221145148","https://openalex.org/W2118409924","https://openalex.org/W2948021207","https://openalex.org/W2978618494","https://openalex.org/W4285219056","https://openalex.org/W1964071455","https://openalex.org/W67811872"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Kohonen's":[0,41],"Adaptive":[1],"Subspace":[2],"Self-Organizing":[3],"Map":[4],"(ASSOM)":[5],"learns":[6],"several":[7,68,97],"subspaces":[8],"of":[9,19,61,88,121],"the":[10,20,25,37,57,62,65,86,103,119,122],"data":[11,70,94],"where":[12],"each":[13],"subspace":[14],"represents":[15],"some":[16,49,92],"invariant":[17],"characteristics":[18],"data.":[21],"To":[22],"deal":[23],"with":[24,96,127],"imbalance":[26,128],"classification":[27,129],"problem,":[28],"earlier":[29,54],"we":[30,84,101],"have":[31],"proposed":[32],"a":[33,77,108],"method":[34,66,90,124],"for":[35,59],"oversampling":[36],"minority":[38],"class":[39],"using":[40,91,112],"ASSOM.":[42],"This":[43],"investigation":[44],"extends":[45],"that":[46],"study,":[47],"clarifies":[48],"issues":[50],"related":[51],"to":[52,76,106],"our":[53,89],"work,":[55],"provides":[56],"algorithm":[58],"generation":[60],"oversamples,":[63],"applies":[64],"on":[67],"benchmark":[69,93],"sets,":[71],"and":[72],"makes":[73],"an":[74],"application":[75,111],"Brain":[78],"Computer":[79],"Interface":[80],"(BCI)":[81],"problem.":[82,130],"First":[83],"compare":[85],"performance":[87],"sets":[95],"state-of-the-art":[98],"methods.":[99],"Finally,":[100],"apply":[102],"ASSOM-based":[104,123],"technique":[105],"analyze":[107],"BCI":[109],"based":[110],"electroencephalogram":[113],"(EEG)":[114],"datasets.":[115],"Our":[116],"results":[117],"demonstrate":[118],"effectiveness":[120],"in":[125],"dealing":[126]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}