{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2030097168","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2011.6091826","title":"Computational study of subdural and epidural cortical stimulation of the motor cortex","display_name":"Computational study of subdural and epidural cortical stimulation of the motor cortex","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2030097168","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2011.6091826","mag":"2030097168","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22256006"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iembs.2011.6091826","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2011.6091826","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100334101","display_name":"Donghyeon Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0047-0259"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39534123","display_name":"Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/024kbgz78","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39534123"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Donghyeon Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communications, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, South Korea","School of Information and Communications; Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology; Gwangju South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communications, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39534123"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communications; Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology; Gwangju South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39534123"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017706356","display_name":"Sung Chan Jun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5357-4436"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39534123","display_name":"Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/024kbgz78","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39534123"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sung Chan Jun","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communications, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, South Korea","School of Information and Communications; Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology; Gwangju South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communications, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39534123"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communications; Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology; Gwangju South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39534123"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043149961","display_name":"Hyoung-Ihl Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7604-1595"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39534123","display_name":"Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/024kbgz78","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39534123"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hyoung-Ihl Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate Program of Medical Science Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Program of Medical Science Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39534123"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39534123"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"2011","issue":null,"first_page":"7226","last_page":"7229"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10614","display_name":"Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10614","display_name":"Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12476","display_name":"Intraoperative Neuromonitoring and Anesthetic Effects","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transcranial-direct-current-stimulation","display_name":"Transcranial direct-current stimulation","score":0.7603077292442322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stimulation","display_name":"Stimulation","score":0.7530431747436523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motor-cortex","display_name":"Motor cortex","score":0.6081230044364929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.4881604313850403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cortex","display_name":"Cortex (anatomy)","score":0.467195987701416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-brain-stimulation","display_name":"Electrical brain stimulation","score":0.46539461612701416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transcranial-magnetic-stimulation","display_name":"Transcranial magnetic stimulation","score":0.4554538130760193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomedical-engineering","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","score":0.44942566752433777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain-stimulation","display_name":"Brain stimulation","score":0.43270331621170044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.30800506472587585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.26681262254714966}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777803708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q603398","display_name":"Transcranial direct-current stimulation","level":3,"score":0.7603077292442322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24998067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4114622","display_name":"Stimulation","level":2,"score":0.7530431747436523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778373776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18696","display_name":"Motor cortex","level":3,"score":0.6081230044364929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.4881604313850403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777348757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2346577","display_name":"Cortex (anatomy)","level":2,"score":0.467195987701416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177825189","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5357702","display_name":"Electrical brain stimulation","level":3,"score":0.46539461612701416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778581513","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q263962","display_name":"Transcranial magnetic stimulation","level":3,"score":0.4554538130760193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136229726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327092","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","level":1,"score":0.44942566752433777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985799443","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4955838","display_name":"Brain stimulation","level":3,"score":0.43270331621170044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.30800506472587585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.26681262254714966}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002540","descriptor_name":"Cerebral Cortex","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002540","descriptor_name":"Cerebral Cortex","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002540","descriptor_name":"Cerebral Cortex","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004566","descriptor_name":"Electrodes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004566","descriptor_name":"Electrodes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004566","descriptor_name":"Electrodes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004594","descriptor_name":"Electrophysiology","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004594","descriptor_name":"Electrophysiology","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004594","descriptor_name":"Electrophysiology","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009044","descriptor_name":"Motor Cortex","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009044","descriptor_name":"Motor Cortex","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009044","descriptor_name":"Motor Cortex","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012640","descriptor_name":"Seizures","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012640","descriptor_name":"Seizures","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012640","descriptor_name":"Seizures","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012640","descriptor_name":"Seizures","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012640","descriptor_name":"Seizures","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012640","descriptor_name":"Seizures","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015233","descriptor_name":"Models, Statistical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015233","descriptor_name":"Models, Statistical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015233","descriptor_name":"Models, Statistical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020342","descriptor_name":"Finite Element Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020342","descriptor_name":"Finite Element Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020342","descriptor_name":"Finite Element Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iembs.2011.6091826","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2011.6091826","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:22256006","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22256006","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.47999998927116394,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2006915082","https://openalex.org/W2065831868","https://openalex.org/W2100733931","https://openalex.org/W2119281888"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2050065278","https://openalex.org/W3132173197","https://openalex.org/W3182158014","https://openalex.org/W2944770398","https://openalex.org/W3138473209","https://openalex.org/W2730349974","https://openalex.org/W2134687970","https://openalex.org/W2168636536","https://openalex.org/W3141909172","https://openalex.org/W1588186017"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cortical":[0],"stimulation":[1,23,29,49,54,68,91,96],"(CS)":[2],"has":[3],"gained":[4],"wide":[5],"attention":[6],"for":[7],"its":[8],"use":[9],"in":[10,14,73,146,211],"augmenting":[11],"neurological":[12],"recovery":[13],"various":[15],"conditions.":[16],"Noninvasive":[17],"cortical":[18,48,67,90,95,118,213],"stimulations":[19,119,177],"using":[20,51,120],"transcranial":[21,26],"magnetic":[22],"(TMS)":[24],"and":[25,63,69,93],"direct":[27],"current":[28,38,113,162,192],"(tDCS)":[30],"are":[31],"less":[32],"invasive":[33],"when":[34,175],"delivering":[35],"the":[36,40,112,132,150,153,179,191,199,208],"electrical":[37],"to":[39,110,207],"patient's":[41,80],"brain,":[42],"but":[43],"have":[44],"several":[45],"limitations.":[46],"Direct":[47],"(DCS)":[50],"an":[52],"implantable":[53],"system":[55],"consisting":[56],"of":[57,84,88,152,173,190],"epidurally":[58,123],"or":[59,122,156,195,204],"subdurally":[60,121],"placed":[61,124],"electrodes":[62],"pulse":[64],"generators,":[65],"provides":[66],"concurrent":[70],"rehabilitative":[71],"training":[72],"a":[74,79,104,138],"stable":[75],"fashion":[76],"without":[77],"limiting":[78],"activities.":[81],"The":[82,126,144,160],"effectiveness":[83],"these":[85],"two":[86],"types":[87],"DCS--epidural":[89],"(ECS)":[92],"subdural":[94],"(SCS)--has":[97],"not":[98],"been":[99],"compared.":[100],"In":[101],"this":[102],"work,":[103],"computer":[105],"simulation":[106,127],"study":[107,128],"was":[108,166],"conducted":[109],"predict":[111],"density":[114],"distributions":[115],"(CDD)":[116],"through":[117],"electrodes.":[125],"is":[129,158],"based":[130],"on":[131,149],"human":[133],"motor":[134],"cortex":[135],"model":[136,142],"with":[137,178],"three-dimensional":[139],"finite":[140],"element":[141],"(FEM).":[143],"change":[145],"CDD":[147],"depending":[148],"shape":[151],"electrode":[154,201,210],"(disc":[155],"ring)":[157],"discussed.":[159],"output":[161],"induced":[163],"by":[164],"SCS":[165,185],"about":[167],"four":[168],"times":[169],"larger":[170],"than":[171],"that":[172],"ECS":[174],"voltage":[176],"same":[180],"magnitude":[181],"were":[182],"regulated.":[183],"Thus,":[184],"showed":[186],"substantially":[187],"better":[188],"penetration":[189],"into":[193],"gray":[194],"white":[196],"matter.":[197],"Further,":[198],"ring":[200],"performed":[202],"comparably":[203],"slightly":[205],"inferior":[206],"disc":[209],"both":[212],"stimulations.":[214]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}