{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1995444569","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2011.6091362","title":"Upper limb joint angle tracking with inertial sensors","display_name":"Upper limb joint angle tracking with inertial sensors","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1995444569","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2011.6091362","mag":"1995444569","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22255616"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iembs.2011.6091362","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2011.6091362","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064940719","display_name":"Mahmoud El\u2010Gohary","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2678-8823"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126345244","display_name":"Portland State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00yn2fy02","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126345244"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"M. El-Gohary","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biomedical Signal Processing Laboartory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Portland State University, Portland, Oregon, USA. mahmoud@pdx.edu","Biomedical Signal Processing Laboartory in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Portland State University (PSU), Portland, Oregon"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biomedical Signal Processing Laboartory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Portland State University, Portland, Oregon, USA. mahmoud@pdx.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126345244"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biomedical Signal Processing Laboartory in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Portland State University (PSU), Portland, Oregon","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126345244"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109946819","display_name":"Lars Holmstrom","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210092691","display_name":"APDM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00jaqhx10","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092691"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L. Holmstrom","raw_affiliation_strings":["APDM, Inc., USA","Information Officer at APDM, Inc"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"APDM, Inc., USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092691"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Officer at APDM, Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092691"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026241181","display_name":"Jessie M. Huisinga","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4249-1421"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165690674","display_name":"Oregon Health & Science University","ror":"https://ror.org/009avj582","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165690674"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Huisinga","raw_affiliation_strings":["Balance Disorders Laboratory in the Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, USA","Balance Disorders Laboratory in the Department of Neurology at Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Balance Disorders Laboratory in the Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165690674"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Balance Disorders Laboratory in the Department of Neurology at Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165690674"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"E. King","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165690674","display_name":"Oregon Health & Science University","ror":"https://ror.org/009avj582","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165690674"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. King","raw_affiliation_strings":["Balance Disorders Laboratory in the Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, USA","Balance Disorders Laboratory in the Department of Neurology at Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Balance Disorders Laboratory in the Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165690674"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Balance Disorders Laboratory in the Department of Neurology at Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165690674"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049359099","display_name":"James McNames","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8091-3560"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126345244","display_name":"Portland State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00yn2fy02","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126345244"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121626","display_name":"Signal Processing (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/021gzyw51","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210121626"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. McNames","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biomedical Signal Processing Laboartory in the Department of Electrical and ComputerEngineering, Portland State University, Portland, OR, USA","Biomedical Signal Processing Laboartory in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Portland State University (PSU), Portland, Oregon"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biomedical Signal Processing Laboartory in the Department of Electrical and ComputerEngineering, Portland State University, Portland, OR, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126345244","https://openalex.org/I4210121626"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biomedical Signal Processing Laboartory in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Portland State University (PSU), Portland, Oregon","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126345244"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047802487","display_name":"Fay B. Horak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7704-5459"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165690674","display_name":"Oregon Health & Science University","ror":"https://ror.org/009avj582","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165690674"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"F. Horak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Balance Disorders Laboratory in the Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, USA","Balance Disorders Laboratory in the Department of Neurology at Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Balance Disorders Laboratory in the Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165690674"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Balance Disorders Laboratory in the Department of Neurology at Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165690674"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5064940719"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126345244"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":104.9461,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":54,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99793737,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"2011","issue":null,"first_page":"5629","last_page":"5632"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11325","display_name":"Inertial Sensor and Navigation","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11325","display_name":"Inertial Sensor and Navigation","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.9941999912261963,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gyroscope","display_name":"Gyroscope","score":0.8034809827804565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kalman-filter","display_name":"Kalman filter","score":0.7526575922966003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kinematics","display_name":"Kinematics","score":0.7264623641967773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/accelerometer","display_name":"Accelerometer","score":0.6112045049667358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extended-kalman-filter","display_name":"Extended Kalman filter","score":0.6090317368507385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5539059042930603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.5441937446594238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inertial-measurement-unit","display_name":"Inertial measurement unit","score":0.5188349485397339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orientation","display_name":"Orientation (vector space)","score":0.5138049721717834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wearable-computer","display_name":"Wearable computer","score":0.49014028906822205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/angular-velocity","display_name":"Angular velocity","score":0.47423288226127625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.4621700942516327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking-system","display_name":"Tracking system","score":0.4346621334552765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motion-capture","display_name":"Motion capture","score":0.4157566428184509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.39855459332466125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3683446943759918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.238759845495224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motion","display_name":"Motion (physics)","score":0.1868019998073578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.159827321767807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.14250901341438293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerospace-engineering","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","score":0.06844863295555115}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158488048","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483400","display_name":"Gyroscope","level":2,"score":0.8034809827804565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157286648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846780","display_name":"Kalman filter","level":2,"score":0.7526575922966003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39920418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11476","display_name":"Kinematics","level":2,"score":0.7264623641967773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89805583","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192940","display_name":"Accelerometer","level":2,"score":0.6112045049667358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206833254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421817","display_name":"Extended Kalman filter","level":3,"score":0.6090317368507385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5539059042930603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.5441937446594238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79061980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q941680","display_name":"Inertial measurement unit","level":2,"score":0.5188349485397339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16345878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q107472979","display_name":"Orientation (vector space)","level":2,"score":0.5138049721717834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150594956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1334829","display_name":"Wearable computer","level":2,"score":0.49014028906822205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5594486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161635","display_name":"Angular velocity","level":2,"score":0.47423288226127625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.4621700942516327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154586513","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4420972","display_name":"Tracking system","level":3,"score":0.4346621334552765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48007421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q676252","display_name":"Motion capture","level":3,"score":0.4157566428184509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.39855459332466125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3683446943759918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.238759845495224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104114177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79782","display_name":"Motion (physics)","level":2,"score":0.1868019998073578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.159827321767807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.14250901341438293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.06844863295555115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74650414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397","display_name":"Classical mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000054","descriptor_name":"Acceleration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000054","descriptor_name":"Acceleration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000054","descriptor_name":"Acceleration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001132","descriptor_name":"Arm","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001132","descriptor_name":"Arm","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001132","descriptor_name":"Arm","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007596","descriptor_name":"Joints","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007596","descriptor_name":"Joints","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007596","descriptor_name":"Joints","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008954","descriptor_name":"Models, Biological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008954","descriptor_name":"Models, Biological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008954","descriptor_name":"Models, Biological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016059","descriptor_name":"Range of Motion, Articular","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016059","descriptor_name":"Range of Motion, Articular","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016059","descriptor_name":"Range of Motion, Articular","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D053587","descriptor_name":"Arthrometry, Articular","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D053587","descriptor_name":"Arthrometry, Articular","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D053587","descriptor_name":"Arthrometry, Articular","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D053587","descriptor_name":"Arthrometry, Articular","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D053587","descriptor_name":"Arthrometry, Articular","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D053587","descriptor_name":"Arthrometry, Articular","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iembs.2011.6091362","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2011.6091362","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:22255616","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22255616","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1555601014","https://openalex.org/W2040378481","https://openalex.org/W2062691475","https://openalex.org/W2078936766","https://openalex.org/W2123487311","https://openalex.org/W2140184526","https://openalex.org/W2143161866","https://openalex.org/W2152531733","https://openalex.org/W2163203473","https://openalex.org/W2170203964","https://openalex.org/W2246023205","https://openalex.org/W2480859604","https://openalex.org/W6681349201"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1973973903","https://openalex.org/W3195533899","https://openalex.org/W3208523813","https://openalex.org/W4287084017","https://openalex.org/W3179745820","https://openalex.org/W2537790823","https://openalex.org/W2594666386","https://openalex.org/W2545638156","https://openalex.org/W2359095091","https://openalex.org/W2000754062"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Wearable":[0],"inertial":[1],"systems":[2,80],"have":[3],"recently":[4],"been":[5,39],"used":[6],"to":[7,27,57,108,128],"track":[8,129],"human":[9,20,114,131],"movement":[10,21],"in":[11,52],"and":[12,33,116,143],"outside":[13],"of":[14,19,30,99,113],"the":[15,43,53,78,82,103,111,135,151],"laboratory.":[16],"Continuous":[17],"monitoring":[18],"can":[22,124],"provide":[23],"valuable":[24],"information":[25],"relevant":[26],"individual's":[28],"level":[29],"physical":[31],"activity":[32],"functional":[34],"ability.":[35],"Traditionally,":[36],"orientation":[37],"has":[38],"calculated":[40],"by":[41],"integrating":[42],"angular":[44],"velocity":[45,55],"from":[46,72],"gyroscopes.":[47],"However,":[48],"a":[49],"small":[50],"drift":[51],"measured":[54],"leads":[56],"large":[58],"integration":[59],"errors":[60],"that":[61,68],"grow":[62],"with":[63,102,137],"time.":[64],"To":[65],"compensate":[66],"for":[67,97],"drift,":[69],"complementary":[70],"data":[71],"accelerometers":[73],"are":[74],"normally":[75],"fused":[76],"into":[77],"tracking":[79,141],"using":[81,118],"Kalman":[83,86,105],"or":[84],"extended":[85],"filter":[87,106],"(EKF).":[88],"In":[89],"this":[90],"study,":[91],"we":[92],"combine":[93],"kinematic":[94],"models":[95],"designed":[96],"control":[98],"robotic":[100],"arms":[101],"unscented":[104],"(UKF)":[107],"continuously":[109],"estimate":[110],"angles":[112],"shoulder":[115],"elbow":[117],"two":[119,152],"wearable":[120],"sensors.":[121],"This":[122],"methodology":[123],"easily":[125],"be":[126],"generalized":[127],"other":[130],"joints.":[132],"We":[133],"validate":[134],"method":[136],"an":[138],"optical":[139],"motion":[140],"system":[142],"demonstrate":[144],"correlation":[145],"consistently":[146],"greater":[147],"than":[148],"0.9":[149],"between":[150],"systems.":[153]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-16T08:26:57.006410","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}