{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1989631732","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2011.6090879","title":"An identification and prediction methods for feature-subsets of CpG islands methylation based on human peripheral blood leukocytes of chromosome 21q","display_name":"An identification and prediction methods for feature-subsets of CpG islands methylation based on human peripheral blood leukocytes of chromosome 21q","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1989631732","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2011.6090879","mag":"1989631732","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22255028"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iembs.2011.6090879","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2011.6090879","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077322474","display_name":"Ijaz Ali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2163-8874"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66943878","display_name":"De Montfort University","ror":"https://ror.org/0312pnr83","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66943878"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"I. Ali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bio-Health Informatics Research Group within the Centre for Computational Intelligence, De Montfort University, Leicester LE1 9BH, The United Kingdom. iali@dmu.ac.uk","Centre for Computational Intelligence, De Montfort University, Leicester, LE1 9BH, The United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bio-Health Informatics Research Group within the Centre for Computational Intelligence, De Montfort University, Leicester LE1 9BH, The United Kingdom. iali@dmu.ac.uk","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66943878"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Computational Intelligence, De Montfort University, Leicester, LE1 9BH, The United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66943878"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083263816","display_name":"Hussein S. A. Mohamoud","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66943878","display_name":"De Montfort University","ror":"https://ror.org/0312pnr83","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66943878"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1310053265","display_name":"St George's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/0001ke483","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1310053265","https://openalex.org/I2801196673"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. S. A. Mohamoud","raw_affiliation_strings":["St Georges Hospital, South West Thames Regional Genetics Service, London, UK","Centre for Computational Intelligence, De Montfort University, Leicester, LE1 9BH, The United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"St Georges Hospital, South West Thames Regional Genetics Service, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1310053265"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Computational Intelligence, De Montfort University, Leicester, LE1 9BH, The United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66943878"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5077322474"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66943878"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.07260832,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"3233","last_page":"3236"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10269","display_name":"Epigenetics and DNA Methylation","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10269","display_name":"Epigenetics and DNA Methylation","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12254","display_name":"Machine Learning in Bioinformatics","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11482","display_name":"RNA modifications and cancer","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cpg-site","display_name":"CpG site","score":0.8852515816688538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dna-methylation","display_name":"DNA methylation","score":0.6305949687957764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-biology","display_name":"Computational biology","score":0.5520855188369751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/methylation","display_name":"Methylation","score":0.5141618251800537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peripheral-blood","display_name":"Peripheral blood","score":0.49088436365127563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.4638305902481079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chromosome","display_name":"Chromosome","score":0.4514998495578766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.4439615309238434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-genome","display_name":"Human genome","score":0.43957066535949707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epigenetics","display_name":"Epigenetics","score":0.43820473551750183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetics","display_name":"Genetics","score":0.3705231845378876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bioinformatics","display_name":"Bioinformatics","score":0.36633026599884033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3656708002090454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3643849790096283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.36117023229599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dna","display_name":"DNA","score":0.34506067633628845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genome","display_name":"Genome","score":0.2550809979438782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gene","display_name":"Gene","score":0.21106377243995667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gene-expression","display_name":"Gene expression","score":0.09288430213928223}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140173407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1138358","display_name":"CpG site","level":5,"score":0.8852515816688538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190727270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q874745","display_name":"DNA methylation","level":4,"score":0.6305949687957764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70721500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177005","display_name":"Computational biology","level":1,"score":0.5520855188369751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33288867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q518328","display_name":"Methylation","level":3,"score":0.5141618251800537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017910909","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q618363","display_name":"Peripheral blood","level":2,"score":0.49088436365127563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.4638305902481079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30481170","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37748","display_name":"Chromosome","level":3,"score":0.4514998495578766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.4439615309238434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197077220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q720988","display_name":"Human genome","level":4,"score":0.43957066535949707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41091548","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26939","display_name":"Epigenetics","level":3,"score":0.43820473551750183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.3705231845378876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60644358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128570","display_name":"Bioinformatics","level":1,"score":0.36633026599884033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3656708002090454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3643849790096283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.36117023229599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C552990157","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7430","display_name":"DNA","level":2,"score":0.34506067633628845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141231307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7020","display_name":"Genome","level":3,"score":0.2550809979438782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.21106377243995667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150194340","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26972","display_name":"Gene expression","level":3,"score":0.09288430213928223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002891","descriptor_name":"Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002891","descriptor_name":"Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002891","descriptor_name":"Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007962","descriptor_name":"Leukocytes","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007962","descriptor_name":"Leukocytes","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007962","descriptor_name":"Leukocytes","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018899","descriptor_name":"CpG Islands","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018899","descriptor_name":"CpG Islands","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018899","descriptor_name":"CpG Islands","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019175","descriptor_name":"DNA Methylation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019175","descriptor_name":"DNA Methylation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019175","descriptor_name":"DNA Methylation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iembs.2011.6090879","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2011.6090879","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:22255028","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22255028","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:dora.dmu.ac.uk:2086/5926","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2086/5926","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400394","display_name":"DMU Open Research Archive (De Montfort University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I66943878","host_organization_name":"De Montfort University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66943878"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life below water","score":0.8199999928474426,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W144367272","https://openalex.org/W1965722916","https://openalex.org/W1975364471","https://openalex.org/W1984953549","https://openalex.org/W1999510229","https://openalex.org/W2008236933","https://openalex.org/W2027408624","https://openalex.org/W2027923325","https://openalex.org/W2033102369","https://openalex.org/W2075922733","https://openalex.org/W2101095322","https://openalex.org/W2105428093","https://openalex.org/W2107432340","https://openalex.org/W2116079122","https://openalex.org/W2119387367","https://openalex.org/W2121417064","https://openalex.org/W2121471393","https://openalex.org/W2127949964","https://openalex.org/W2134877714","https://openalex.org/W2143126311","https://openalex.org/W2161399316","https://openalex.org/W2170604299","https://openalex.org/W6605906688"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2902329290","https://openalex.org/W2169344098","https://openalex.org/W2139872319","https://openalex.org/W2052355316","https://openalex.org/W2046964473","https://openalex.org/W2107880877","https://openalex.org/W2151182744","https://openalex.org/W2921336251","https://openalex.org/W2944524138","https://openalex.org/W2024490794"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,202],"pace":[1],"of":[2,7,9,13,16,22,33,47,65,70,99,121,124,133,160,170,228,289,300],"technology":[3],"has":[4,51],"allowed":[5],"classification":[6],"feature-subset":[8],"methylated":[10,100,147,213],"and":[11,31,54,58,62,82,89,101,136,148,174,231,241,304],"unmethylated":[12,102,149,221],"CpG":[14,23,49,76,103,126,214,222],"islands":[15,24,50,77,104,127,215,223],"DNA":[17,35],"sequence":[18],"properties.":[19],"As":[20],"methylation":[21,36],"is":[25,37,78,151,182,196,252,275,298],"involved":[26],"in":[27,56,85,165,279,308],"various":[28,40],"biological":[29,60],"phenomena":[30,61],"function":[32],"the":[34,48,71,75,94,116,125,146,158,179,186,200,212,220,235,244,254,259,263,270,277,280,287,290,301],"correlated":[38],"to":[39,113,157,167],"human":[41,106,129],"diseases":[42],"such":[43,66],"as":[44,295],"cancer,":[45],"analysis":[46,69,256],"become":[52],"important":[53,303],"useful":[55],"characterizing":[57],"modelling":[59],"understanding":[63],"mechanism":[64],"diseases.":[67],"However,":[68],"data":[72,119,163],"associated":[73,96],"with":[74,97,269],"a":[79,118,225],"quite":[80],"new":[81],"challenging":[83],"subject":[84],"bioinformatics,":[86],"systems":[87],"biology":[88],"epigenetics.":[90],"In":[91,111,191],"this":[92,161],"paper,":[93],"problems":[95],"prediction":[98],"on":[105],"chromosome":[107],"21q":[108,135],"are":[109,247],"addressed.":[110],"order":[112,166],"carry":[114],"out":[115],"prediction,":[117],"set":[120],"132":[122],"samples":[123],"from":[128,219],"peripheral":[130],"blood":[131],"leukocytes":[132],"chromosomes":[134],"4":[137],"different":[138,207],"feature":[139,245,272],"sub-sets":[140,246],"totalling":[141],"44":[142],"attributes":[143,306],"that":[144,211,253,258],"characterise":[145],"groups":[150],"extracted":[152],"for":[153,199],"each":[154],"sample.":[155],"Due":[156],"nature":[159],"unbalanced":[162],"set,":[164],"avoid":[168],"disadvantages":[169],"traditional":[171,281],"leave-one-out":[172],"(LOO)":[173],"m-fold":[175,187],"cross":[176,188,292],"validation":[177,189,293],"methods,":[178],"LOO":[180,237],"method":[181],"modified":[183,236],"by":[184,224],"incorporating":[185],"approach.":[190],"addition,":[192],"K-nearest":[193],"neighbour":[194],"classifier":[195],"then":[197],"adapted":[198],"prediction.":[201],"results":[203],"gained":[204],"through":[205],"440":[206],"comprehensive":[208],"analyses":[209],"shows":[210],"can":[216],"be":[217],"distinguished":[218],"predictive":[226,265],"accuracy":[227,266],"between":[229],"75%":[230],"80%.":[232],"More":[233],"importantly,":[234],"identifies":[238],"more":[239],"clearly":[240],"reliably":[242],"when":[243,267],"combined.":[248],"Another":[249],"interesting":[250],"observation":[251],"modified-LOO-based":[255],"reveals":[257],"CpGI-specific":[260,296],"feature-set":[261,297],"achieve":[262],"highest":[264],"combined":[268],"other":[271,309],"sets,":[273],"which":[274],"not":[276],"case":[278],"LOO.":[282],"This":[283],"also":[284],"further":[285],"supports":[286],"robustness":[288],"modified-LOO":[291],"approach":[294],"one":[299],"most":[302],"effective":[305],"shown":[307],"studies.":[310]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}