{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1983949298","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2011.6090582","title":"Single-crystal cubic silicon carbide: An in vivo biocompatible semiconductor for brain machine interface devices","display_name":"Single-crystal cubic silicon carbide: An in vivo biocompatible semiconductor for brain machine interface devices","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1983949298","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2011.6090582","mag":"1983949298","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22254961"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iembs.2011.6090582","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2011.6090582","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070100061","display_name":"Christopher L. Frewin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2613432","display_name":"University of South Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/032db5x82","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2613432"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"C. L. Frewin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering and Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology department, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33613, USA. cfrewin1@health.usf.edu","Electrical Engineering and Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology departments, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33613 USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering and Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology department, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33613, USA. cfrewin1@health.usf.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2613432"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering and Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology departments, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33613 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2613432"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111503634","display_name":"Christopher Locke","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2613432","display_name":"University of South Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/032db5x82","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2613432"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. Locke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Department, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA","Electrical Engineering department, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33613 USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2613432"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering department, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33613 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2613432"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001980428","display_name":"Stephen E. Saddow","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7141-8146"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2613432","display_name":"University of South Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/032db5x82","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2613432"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. E. Saddow","raw_affiliation_strings":["Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology Departments, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA","Electrical Engineering and Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology departments, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33613 USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology Departments, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2613432"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering and Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology departments, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33613 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2613432"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113540475","display_name":"Edwin J. Weeber","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2613432","display_name":"University of South Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/032db5x82","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2613432"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. J. Weeber","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering and Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology Departments, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA","Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology departments, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33613 USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering and Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology Departments, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2613432"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology departments, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33613 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2613432"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5070100061"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2613432"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6652,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":34,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80826396,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"2011","issue":null,"first_page":"2957","last_page":"2960"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12891","display_name":"Medicinal Plants and Neuroprotection","score":0.9872999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2707","display_name":"Complementary and alternative medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9861999750137329,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.7698471546173096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biocompatibility","display_name":"Biocompatibility","score":0.7667760848999023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/silicon-carbide","display_name":"Silicon carbide","score":0.7254818677902222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/silicon","display_name":"Silicon","score":0.5563421249389648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomedical-engineering","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","score":0.5411007404327393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/in-vivo","display_name":"In vivo","score":0.4974344074726105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semiconductor","display_name":"Semiconductor","score":0.43565133213996887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.3734368085861206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanotechnology","display_name":"Nanotechnology","score":0.34383535385131836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-material","display_name":"Composite material","score":0.20080459117889404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.10148385167121887}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.7698471546173096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777230088","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864426","display_name":"Biocompatibility","level":2,"score":0.7667760848999023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780722187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q412356","display_name":"Silicon carbide","level":2,"score":0.7254818677902222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544956773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q670","display_name":"Silicon","level":2,"score":0.5563421249389648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136229726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327092","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","level":1,"score":0.5411007404327393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207001950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141124","display_name":"In vivo","level":2,"score":0.4974344074726105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108225325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11456","display_name":"Semiconductor","level":2,"score":0.43565133213996887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.3734368085861206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.34383535385131836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.20080459117889404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.10148385167121887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150903083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7108","display_name":"Biotechnology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001672","descriptor_name":"Biocompatible Materials","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001672","descriptor_name":"Biocompatible Materials","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001672","descriptor_name":"Biocompatible Materials","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008328","descriptor_name":"Man-Machine Systems","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008328","descriptor_name":"Man-Machine Systems","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008328","descriptor_name":"Man-Machine Systems","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008856","descriptor_name":"Microscopy, Fluorescence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008856","descriptor_name":"Microscopy, Fluorescence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008856","descriptor_name":"Microscopy, Fluorescence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012666","descriptor_name":"Semiconductors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012666","descriptor_name":"Semiconductors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012666","descriptor_name":"Semiconductors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017554","descriptor_name":"Carbon Compounds, Inorganic","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017554","descriptor_name":"Carbon Compounds, Inorganic","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017554","descriptor_name":"Carbon Compounds, Inorganic","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017655","descriptor_name":"Silicon Compounds","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017655","descriptor_name":"Silicon Compounds","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017655","descriptor_name":"Silicon Compounds","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iembs.2011.6090582","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2011.6090582","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:22254961","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22254961","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W230831505","https://openalex.org/W1552908307","https://openalex.org/W1580020359","https://openalex.org/W1965578175","https://openalex.org/W1972966292","https://openalex.org/W1981137979","https://openalex.org/W1985286658","https://openalex.org/W1992142582","https://openalex.org/W2000351729","https://openalex.org/W2001477745","https://openalex.org/W2012772051","https://openalex.org/W2017040905","https://openalex.org/W2018371812","https://openalex.org/W2026414253","https://openalex.org/W2031487405","https://openalex.org/W2037316494","https://openalex.org/W2038406324","https://openalex.org/W2044357770","https://openalex.org/W2046915310","https://openalex.org/W2047755600","https://openalex.org/W2053012273","https://openalex.org/W2064756095","https://openalex.org/W2093204054","https://openalex.org/W2101656718","https://openalex.org/W2107635023","https://openalex.org/W2109862641","https://openalex.org/W2112038700","https://openalex.org/W2112181062","https://openalex.org/W2116350927","https://openalex.org/W2121570266","https://openalex.org/W2126203685","https://openalex.org/W2139293774","https://openalex.org/W2142255743","https://openalex.org/W2143287453","https://openalex.org/W2152735594","https://openalex.org/W2324370802","https://openalex.org/W2346095963","https://openalex.org/W2471501367","https://openalex.org/W4300820935","https://openalex.org/W6634701739","https://openalex.org/W6704945859"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1567094779","https://openalex.org/W2002815007","https://openalex.org/W1545496076","https://openalex.org/W1828979328","https://openalex.org/W1995127628","https://openalex.org/W1997259912","https://openalex.org/W2821731587","https://openalex.org/W2141309207","https://openalex.org/W2142708129","https://openalex.org/W2013754985"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Single":[0],"crystal":[1],"silicon":[2,34,116],"carbide":[3,35],"(SiC)":[4],"is":[5],"a":[6,84,131],"wide":[7],"band-gap":[8],"semiconductor":[9],"which":[10,64],"has":[11,22,28,37],"shown":[12],"both":[13],"bio-":[14],"and":[15,68,80,121,140,148],"hemo-compatibility":[16],"[1-5].":[17],"Although":[18],"single":[19],"crystalline":[20],"SiC":[21],"appealing":[23],"bio-sensing":[24],"potential,":[25],"the":[26,59,92,102,111],"material":[27,85,125],"not":[29],"been":[30],"extensively":[31],"characterized.":[32],"Cubic":[33],"(3C-SiC)":[36],"superior":[38],"in":[39,97,101],"vitro":[40],"biocompatibility":[41,100],"compared":[42,109,152],"to":[43,128,153],"its":[44],"hexagonal":[45],"counterparts":[46],"[3,":[47],"5].":[48],"Brain":[49],"machine":[50],"interface":[51],"(BMI)":[52],"systems":[53],"using":[54],"implantable":[55,73],"neuronal":[56],"prosthetics":[57],"offer":[58],"possibility":[60],"of":[61,104,115],"bi-directional":[62],"signaling,":[63],"allow":[65],"sensory":[66],"feedback":[67],"closed":[69],"loop":[70],"control.":[71],"Existing":[72],"neural":[74],"interfaces":[75],"have":[76],"limited":[77,146],"long-term":[78],"reliability,":[79],"3C-SiC":[81,99,107,143],"may":[82,87],"be":[83],"that":[86,89],"improve":[88],"reliability.":[90],"In":[91],"present":[93],"study,":[94],"we":[95],"investigated":[96],"vivo":[98],"CNS":[103],"C56BL/6":[105],"mice.":[106],"was":[108,126],"against":[110],"known":[112],"immunoreactive":[113],"response":[114],"(Si)":[117],"at":[118],"5,":[119],"10,":[120],"35":[122],"days.":[123],"The":[124,142],"examined":[127],"detect":[129],"CD45,":[130],"protein":[132],"tyrosine":[133],"phosphatase":[134],"(PTP)":[135],"expressed":[136],"by":[137],"activated":[138],"microglia":[139,151],"macrophages.":[141],"surface":[144],"revealed":[145],"immunoresponse":[147],"significantly":[149],"reduced":[150],"Si":[154],"substrate.":[155]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
