{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1979632238","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2011.6090496","title":"Ensemble classification for robust discrimination of multi-channel, multi-class tongue-movement ear pressure signals","display_name":"Ensemble classification for robust discrimination of multi-channel, multi-class tongue-movement ear pressure signals","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1979632238","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2011.6090496","mag":"1979632238","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22254661"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iembs.2011.6090496","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2011.6090496","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045934367","display_name":"Michael Mace","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9599-448X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","display_name":"Imperial College London","ror":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Mace","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK. m.mace11@imperial.ac.uk","Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK. m.mace11@imperial.ac.uk","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015614284","display_name":"Khondaker Abdullah-Al-Mamun","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. Abdullah-Al-Mamun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Sound and Vibration Research (ISVR), University of Southampton, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Sound and Vibration Research (ISVR), University of Southampton, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025802135","display_name":"Shouyan Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9776-8539"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shouyan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Sound and Vibration Research (ISVR), University of Southampton, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Sound and Vibration Research (ISVR), University of Southampton, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101588240","display_name":"Lalit Gupta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1013-3221"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L. Gupta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Southern Illinois University, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Southern Illinois University, IL, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043916064","display_name":"Ravi Vaidyanathan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9625-4544"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35364215","display_name":"Naval Postgraduate School","ror":"https://ror.org/033yfkj90","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I3130687028","https://openalex.org/I35364215"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","display_name":"Imperial College London","ror":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}],"countries":["GB","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Vaidyanathan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK","US Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"US Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35364215"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8341,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68168462,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"2011","issue":null,"first_page":"1733","last_page":"1736"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11447","display_name":"Blind Source Separation Techniques","score":0.9941999912261963,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11667","display_name":"Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies","score":0.9735999703407288,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6815500259399414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ensemble-learning","display_name":"Ensemble learning","score":0.6692307591438293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voting","display_name":"Voting","score":0.6028842926025391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ambiguity","display_name":"Ambiguity","score":0.5525528788566589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5410576462745667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/majority-rule","display_name":"Majority rule","score":0.5038504004478455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4995131492614746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.46770617365837097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ensemble-forecasting","display_name":"Ensemble forecasting","score":0.4150247871875763}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6815500259399414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45942800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245652","display_name":"Ensemble learning","level":2,"score":0.6692307591438293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520049643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189760","display_name":"Voting","level":3,"score":0.6028842926025391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780522230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1140419","display_name":"Ambiguity","level":2,"score":0.5525528788566589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5410576462745667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153668964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27636","display_name":"Majority rule","level":2,"score":0.5038504004478455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4995131492614746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.46770617365837097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119898033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3433888","display_name":"Ensemble forecasting","level":2,"score":0.4150247871875763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004423","descriptor_name":"Ear","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004423","descriptor_name":"Ear","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004423","descriptor_name":"Ear","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008365","descriptor_name":"Manometry","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008365","descriptor_name":"Manometry","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008365","descriptor_name":"Manometry","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009068","descriptor_name":"Movement","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009068","descriptor_name":"Movement","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009068","descriptor_name":"Movement","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010363","descriptor_name":"Pattern Recognition, Automated","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010363","descriptor_name":"Pattern Recognition, Automated","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010363","descriptor_name":"Pattern Recognition, Automated","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011312","descriptor_name":"Pressure","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011312","descriptor_name":"Pressure","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011312","descriptor_name":"Pressure","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014059","descriptor_name":"Tongue","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014059","descriptor_name":"Tongue","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014059","descriptor_name":"Tongue","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iembs.2011.6090496","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2011.6090496","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:22254661","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22254661","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5099999904632568,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities"},{"score":0.44999998807907104,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G245103225","display_name":"A Tongue Movement Command and Control System Based on Aural Flow Monitoring","funder_award_id":"EP/F01869X/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4512864557","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/F01869X/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W87564900","https://openalex.org/W2016850041","https://openalex.org/W2056541440","https://openalex.org/W2115105887","https://openalex.org/W2123135913","https://openalex.org/W2162475500","https://openalex.org/W2167917621","https://openalex.org/W4237827029"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2794896638","https://openalex.org/W2891633941","https://openalex.org/W3121841074","https://openalex.org/W3202800081","https://openalex.org/W2055572829","https://openalex.org/W3036613766","https://openalex.org/W3101614107","https://openalex.org/W1909207154","https://openalex.org/W4390971112","https://openalex.org/W2979309038"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper":[2],"we":[3],"introduce":[4],"a":[5,111],"robust":[6],"classification":[7,48,90],"framework":[8],"for":[9],"tongue-movement":[10],"ear":[11],"pressure":[12],"signals":[13],"based":[14,115],"around":[15],"an":[16,36],"ensemble":[17,21,62,120,129],"voting":[18,86],"methodology.":[19],"The":[20,88],"members":[22,63],"are":[23],"comprised":[24],"of":[25,28,44,113],"different":[26,51],"combinations":[27],"sensor":[29,39],"inputs":[30],"i.e.":[31],"two":[32],"in-ear":[33],"microphones":[34],"and":[35,47,121],"acoustic":[37],"gel":[38],"positioned":[40],"under":[41],"the":[42,45,67,71,84,101,119,124,128],"chin":[43],"individual":[46,68],"using":[49,59,83],"three":[50],"base":[52],"models.":[53],"It":[54],"is":[55,92,108],"shown":[56],"that":[57],"by":[58],"all":[60],"nine":[61],"when":[64,82,98],"compared":[65],"to":[66,80,96],"(base)":[69],"models,":[70],"average":[72],"misclassification":[73],"rate":[74,91],"can":[75],"be":[76],"reduced":[77],"from":[78,94],"23%":[79],"2.8%":[81],"majority":[85],"strategy.":[87],"correct":[89],"improved":[93],"76%":[95],"92.4%":[97],"utilizing":[99],"either":[100],"borda":[102],"count":[103],"or":[104],"condorcet":[105],"methods.":[106],"This":[107],"achieved":[109],"through":[110],"combination":[112],"rejection":[114],"on":[116],"ambiguity":[117],"in":[118,123],"diversity":[122],"misclassified":[125],"instances":[126],"across":[127],"members.":[130]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
