{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2000363394","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2011.6090381","title":"Capturing the state transitions of seizure-like events using Hidden Markov models","display_name":"Capturing the state transitions of seizure-like events using Hidden Markov models","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2000363394","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2011.6090381","mag":"2000363394","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22254742"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iembs.2011.6090381","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2011.6090381","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047070152","display_name":"Mirna Guirgis","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Guirgis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3G9, Canada. mirna.guirgis@utoronto.ca","Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering (IBBME), University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3G9, Canada. mirna.guirgis@utoronto.ca","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering (IBBME), University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043474559","display_name":"Demitre Serletis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8037-9705"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799337515","display_name":"Toronto Western Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/03qv8yq19","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325899441","https://openalex.org/I2799337515"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Serletis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physiology (Department of Physiol.), University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada","Division of Neurosurgery, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physiology (Department of Physiol.), University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Neurosurgery, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799337515"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044113968","display_name":"Peter L. Carlen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3339-8102"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1325899441","display_name":"University Health Network","ror":"https://ror.org/042xt5161","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325899441"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. L. Carlen","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBBME, Department of Physiol, Toronto Western Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBBME, Department of Physiol, Toronto Western Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1325899441"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000047757","display_name":"Berj L. Bardakjian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9969-4775"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B. L. Bardakjian","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBBME, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBBME, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.08983683,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"116","issue":null,"first_page":"2061","last_page":"2064"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":0.9904000163078308,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12946","display_name":"Fractal and DNA sequence analysis","score":0.9760000109672546,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6271750926971436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hidden-markov-model","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","score":0.5687211155891418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-chain","display_name":"Markov chain","score":0.4772507846355438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-process","display_name":"Markov process","score":0.4429626166820526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state","display_name":"State (computer science)","score":0.4398162066936493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-model","display_name":"Markov model","score":0.4314349293708801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.33486998081207275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.25955283641815186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.183821439743042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.11817294359207153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.08478015661239624}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6271750926971436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23224414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176769","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","level":2,"score":0.5687211155891418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98763669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov chain","level":2,"score":0.4772507846355438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159886148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov process","level":2,"score":0.4429626166820526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.4398162066936493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163836022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6771326","display_name":"Markov model","level":3,"score":0.4314349293708801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.33486998081207275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.25955283641815186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.183821439743042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.11817294359207153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.08478015661239624}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000200","descriptor_name":"Action Potentials","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000200","descriptor_name":"Action Potentials","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000200","descriptor_name":"Action Potentials","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001683","descriptor_name":"Biological Clocks","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001683","descriptor_name":"Biological Clocks","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001683","descriptor_name":"Biological Clocks","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002478","descriptor_name":"Cells, Cultured","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002478","descriptor_name":"Cells, Cultured","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002478","descriptor_name":"Cells, Cultured","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008390","descriptor_name":"Markov Chains","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008390","descriptor_name":"Markov Chains","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008390","descriptor_name":"Markov Chains","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008810","descriptor_name":"Mice, Inbred C57BL","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008810","descriptor_name":"Mice, Inbred C57BL","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008810","descriptor_name":"Mice, Inbred C57BL","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008959","descriptor_name":"Models, Neurological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008959","descriptor_name":"Models, Neurological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008959","descriptor_name":"Models, Neurological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012640","descriptor_name":"Seizures","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012640","descriptor_name":"Seizures","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012640","descriptor_name":"Seizures","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015233","descriptor_name":"Models, Statistical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015233","descriptor_name":"Models, Statistical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015233","descriptor_name":"Models, Statistical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017966","descriptor_name":"Pyramidal Cells","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017966","descriptor_name":"Pyramidal Cells","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017966","descriptor_name":"Pyramidal Cells","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051379","descriptor_name":"Mice","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051379","descriptor_name":"Mice","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051379","descriptor_name":"Mice","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iembs.2011.6090381","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2011.6090381","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:22254742","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22254742","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.6600000262260437}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1553064545","https://openalex.org/W1575810980","https://openalex.org/W1603194053","https://openalex.org/W1969957364","https://openalex.org/W1976482191","https://openalex.org/W1983494151","https://openalex.org/W2016170482","https://openalex.org/W2019774050","https://openalex.org/W2029438322","https://openalex.org/W2070097681","https://openalex.org/W2088222765","https://openalex.org/W2103991643","https://openalex.org/W2114004602","https://openalex.org/W2125838338","https://openalex.org/W2127954854","https://openalex.org/W2140682966","https://openalex.org/W2157586156","https://openalex.org/W2728974037"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1510894296","https://openalex.org/W2134386692","https://openalex.org/W2379651310","https://openalex.org/W2113019827","https://openalex.org/W1541249122","https://openalex.org/W2084326697","https://openalex.org/W2194396582","https://openalex.org/W2027903142","https://openalex.org/W2082284720","https://openalex.org/W2116722627"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"purpose":[1],"of":[2,10,16,64,91,99,164],"this":[3,37,172],"study":[4],"was":[5,54,118,140,168],"to":[6,25,56,86,120,132,142,152],"investigate":[7],"the":[8,14,62,88,92,100,104,115,137,165],"number":[9],"states":[11,147],"present":[12],"in":[13],"progression":[15],"a":[17,43,65,161],"seizure-like":[18],"event":[19],"(SLE).":[20],"Of":[21],"particular":[22],"interest":[23],"is":[24,42],"determine":[26],"if":[27],"there":[28,41],"are":[29],"more":[30],"than":[31],"two":[32,144],"clearly":[33],"defined":[34],"states,":[35],"as":[36],"would":[38],"suggest":[39],"that":[40,148],"distinct":[44,145],"state":[45,89,166],"preceding":[46],"an":[47,157,173],"SLE.":[48],"Whole-intact":[49],"hippocampus":[50],"from":[51,76],"C57/BL":[52],"mice":[53],"used":[55,85],"model":[57,87,117,139],"epileptiform":[58],"activity":[59],"induced":[60],"by":[61,95,155],"perfusion":[63],"low":[66],"Mg(2+)/high":[67],"K(+)":[68],"solution":[69],"while":[70],"extracellular":[71],"field":[72],"potentials":[73],"were":[74,84,112],"recorded":[75,93],"CA3":[77],"pyramidal":[78],"neurons.":[79],"Hidden":[80],"Markov":[81],"models":[82],"(HMM)":[83],"transitions":[90,167],"SLEs":[94],"incorporating":[96],"various":[97],"features":[98],"Hilbert":[101],"transform":[102],"into":[103],"training":[105],"algorithm;":[106],"specifically,":[107],"2-":[108],"and":[109,124],"3-state":[110,138],"HMMs":[111],"explored.":[113],"Although":[114],"2-state":[116],"able":[119,141],"distinguish":[121],"between":[122],"SLE":[123],"nonSLE":[125,146],"behavior,":[126],"it":[127],"provided":[128],"no":[129],"improvements":[130],"compared":[131],"visual":[133,149],"inspection":[134,150],"alone.":[135],"However,":[136],"capture":[143],"failed":[151],"discriminate.":[153],"Moreover,":[154],"developing":[156],"HMM":[158],"based":[159],"system":[160],"priori":[162],"knowledge":[163],"not":[169],"required":[170],"making":[171],"ideal":[174],"platform":[175],"for":[176],"seizure":[177],"prediction":[178],"algorithms.":[179]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}