{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1978864489","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2011.6090283","title":"Gas pre-warming for improving performances of heated humidifiers in neonatal ventilation","display_name":"Gas pre-warming for improving performances of heated humidifiers in neonatal ventilation","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1978864489","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2011.6090283","mag":"1978864489","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22254532"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iembs.2011.6090283","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2011.6090283","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026033118","display_name":"Emiliano Schena","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9696-1265"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155125353","display_name":"Universit\u00e0 Campus Bio-Medico","ror":"https://ror.org/04gqx4x78","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155125353"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. Schena","raw_affiliation_strings":["Unit of Measurements and Biomedical Instrumentation, Center for Integrated Research, Universit\u00e0 Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21-00128- Rome, Italy","Unit of Measurements and Biomedical Instrumentation, Center for Integrated Research Universit\u00e0 Campus Bio\u2010Medico di Roma Via \u00c1lvaro del Portillo 21 00128 Rome Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Unit of Measurements and Biomedical Instrumentation, Center for Integrated Research, Universit\u00e0 Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21-00128- Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155125353"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Unit of Measurements and Biomedical Instrumentation, Center for Integrated Research Universit\u00e0 Campus Bio\u2010Medico di Roma Via \u00c1lvaro del Portillo 21 00128 Rome Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155125353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079160530","display_name":"E. De Paolis","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155125353","display_name":"Universit\u00e0 Campus Bio-Medico","ror":"https://ror.org/04gqx4x78","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155125353"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. De Paolis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Unit of Measurements and Biomedical Instrumentation, Center of Integrated Research, Universit\u00e0 Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy","Unit of Measurements and Biomedical Instrumentation, Center for Integrated Research Universit\u00e0 Campus Bio\u2010Medico di Roma Via \u00c1lvaro del Portillo 21 00128 Rome Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Unit of Measurements and Biomedical Instrumentation, Center of Integrated Research, Universit\u00e0 Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155125353"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Unit of Measurements and Biomedical Instrumentation, Center for Integrated Research Universit\u00e0 Campus Bio\u2010Medico di Roma Via \u00c1lvaro del Portillo 21 00128 Rome Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155125353"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042560569","display_name":"Sergio Silvestri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5863-8336"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155125353","display_name":"Universit\u00e0 Campus Bio-Medico","ror":"https://ror.org/04gqx4x78","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155125353"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Silvestri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Unit of Measurements and Biomedical Instrumentation, Center of Integrated Research, Universit\u00e0 Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy","Unit of Measurements and Biomedical Instrumentation, Center for Integrated Research Universit\u00e0 Campus Bio\u2010Medico di Roma Via \u00c1lvaro del Portillo 21 00128 Rome Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Unit of Measurements and Biomedical Instrumentation, Center of Integrated Research, Universit\u00e0 Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155125353"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Unit of Measurements and Biomedical Instrumentation, Center for Integrated Research Universit\u00e0 Campus Bio\u2010Medico di Roma Via \u00c1lvaro del Portillo 21 00128 Rome Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155125353"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155125353"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":null,"first_page":"1205","last_page":"1208"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10322","display_name":"Respiratory Support and Mechanisms","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10322","display_name":"Respiratory Support and Mechanisms","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11651","display_name":"Inhalation and Respiratory Drug Delivery","score":0.9830999970436096,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11529","display_name":"Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Technologies","score":0.9815000295639038,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/humidifiers","display_name":"Humidifiers","score":0.9930346608161926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relative-humidity","display_name":"Relative humidity","score":0.6870571374893188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ventilation","display_name":"Ventilation (architecture)","score":0.6238409280776978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.5489476323127747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-warming-potential","display_name":"Global-warming potential","score":0.541089653968811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/condensation","display_name":"Condensation","score":0.4677427411079407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/volumetric-flow-rate","display_name":"Volumetric flow rate","score":0.45388466119766235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flow","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","score":0.43673980236053467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/humidity","display_name":"Humidity","score":0.43303951621055603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermodynamics","display_name":"Thermodynamics","score":0.4298042058944702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.4216683506965637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","score":0.41221725940704346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nuclear-engineering","display_name":"Nuclear engineering","score":0.4067993760108948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanics","display_name":"Mechanics","score":0.30433517694473267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.20452088117599487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-engineering","display_name":"Environmental engineering","score":0.1753678321838379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.12177371978759766}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909409151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1073283","display_name":"Humidifiers","level":2,"score":0.9930346608161926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158960510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180600","display_name":"Relative humidity","level":2,"score":0.6870571374893188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200457457","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q584049","display_name":"Ventilation (architecture)","level":2,"score":0.6238409280776978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5489476323127747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119288801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901028","display_name":"Global-warming potential","level":3,"score":0.541089653968811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200093464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166583","display_name":"Condensation","level":2,"score":0.4677427411079407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172120300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134348","display_name":"Volumetric flow rate","level":2,"score":0.45388466119766235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38349280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434290","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.43673980236053467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151420433","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180600","display_name":"Humidity","level":2,"score":0.43303951621055603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.4298042058944702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.4216683506965637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.41221725940704346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116915560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83504","display_name":"Nuclear engineering","level":1,"score":0.4067993760108948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.30433517694473267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.20452088117599487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87717796","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146326","display_name":"Environmental engineering","level":1,"score":0.1753678321838379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.12177371978759766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47737302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167336","display_name":"Greenhouse gas","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005740","descriptor_name":"Gases","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005740","descriptor_name":"Gases","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005740","descriptor_name":"Gases","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006361","descriptor_name":"Heating","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006361","descriptor_name":"Heating","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006361","descriptor_name":"Heating","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007231","descriptor_name":"Infant, Newborn","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007231","descriptor_name":"Infant, Newborn","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007231","descriptor_name":"Infant, Newborn","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009330","descriptor_name":"Nebulizers and Vaporizers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009330","descriptor_name":"Nebulizers and Vaporizers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009330","descriptor_name":"Nebulizers and Vaporizers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012121","descriptor_name":"Respiration, Artificial","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012121","descriptor_name":"Respiration, Artificial","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012121","descriptor_name":"Respiration, Artificial","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019544","descriptor_name":"Equipment Failure Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019544","descriptor_name":"Equipment Failure Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019544","descriptor_name":"Equipment Failure Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iembs.2011.6090283","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2011.6090283","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:22254532","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22254532","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W621010661","https://openalex.org/W1866256410","https://openalex.org/W1911986539","https://openalex.org/W1973032953","https://openalex.org/W1986954260","https://openalex.org/W2032251197","https://openalex.org/W2046957922","https://openalex.org/W2079734323","https://openalex.org/W2090537825","https://openalex.org/W2134861102","https://openalex.org/W2172977821","https://openalex.org/W6639999178"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2019525501","https://openalex.org/W2013511864","https://openalex.org/W2366365583","https://openalex.org/W1586733611","https://openalex.org/W1642018725","https://openalex.org/W2181379992","https://openalex.org/W4390758803","https://openalex.org/W2298909941","https://openalex.org/W2380249611","https://openalex.org/W2548335991"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Adequate":[0],"temperature":[1],"and":[2,89,123,160],"humidification":[3,51],"of":[4,25,46,73,103,137,162],"gas":[5,43,47],"delivered":[6],"must":[7],"be":[8],"performed":[9],"during":[10],"long":[11],"term":[12],"neonatal":[13,104],"ventilation":[14,105],"to":[15,42,76,120,130,143,152],"avoid":[16,153],"potential":[17],"adverse":[18],"health":[19],"effects.":[20],"Literature":[21],"shows":[22],"that":[23],"performances":[24],"heated":[26,80],"humidifiers":[27],"are,":[28],"at":[29,156,165],"least":[30],"in":[31,57,96,133],"some":[32],"cases,":[33],"quite":[34],"poor.":[35],"In":[36],"this":[37],"study,":[38],"a":[39,60,65,71],"novel":[40],"approach":[41],"conditioning,":[44],"consisting":[45],"warming":[48],"upstream":[49],"the":[50,79,97,134,144],"chamber,":[52],"is":[53],"presented.":[54],"Gas":[55],"pre-warming,":[56],"combination":[58],"with":[59],"control":[61],"strategy":[62],"based":[63],"on":[64],"mathematical":[66],"model":[67,85],"taking":[68],"into":[69],"account":[70],"number":[72],"parameters,":[74],"allows":[75,151],"significantly":[77],"improve":[78],"humidifier":[81],"performances.":[82],"The":[83,148],"theoretical":[84],"has":[86],"been":[87,93],"validated":[88],"experimental":[90],"trials":[91],"have":[92],"carried":[94],"out":[95],"whole":[98,135],"volumetric":[99],"flow-rate":[100],"(Q)":[101],"range":[102,136],"(lower":[106],"than":[107],"10":[108],"L":[109],"\u00b7":[110],"min(-1)).":[111],"Experimental":[112],"results":[113],"(temperature":[114],"values":[115,126,140],"ranging":[116],"from":[117,127],"36":[118],"\u00b0C":[119,122],"38":[121],"relative":[124,163],"humidity":[125,164],"90":[128],"%":[129,132],"98":[131],"Q)":[138],"show":[139],"very":[141],"close":[142],"ideal":[145],"thermo-hygrometric":[146],"conditions.":[147],"proposed":[149],"solution":[150],"vapor":[154],"condensation":[155],"low":[157],"flow":[158,167],"rates":[159],"decrease":[161],"high":[166],"rates.":[168]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}