{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4417142421","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ieeeconf67917.2025.11443710","title":"Elevation- and Tilt-Aware Shadow Fading Correlation Modeling for UAV Communications","display_name":"Elevation- and Tilt-Aware Shadow Fading Correlation Modeling for UAV Communications","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4417142421","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ieeeconf67917.2025.11443710"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ieeeconf67917.2025.11443710","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ieeeconf67917.2025.11443710","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 59th Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems, and Computers","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2512.05332","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028937742","display_name":"Mushfiqur Rahman","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mushfiqur Rahman","raw_affiliation_strings":["North Carolina State University,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Raleigh,NC,USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"North Carolina State University,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Raleigh,NC,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016722903","display_name":"\u0130smail G\u00fcven\u00e7","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1387-6242"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"\u0130smail G\u00fcven\u00e7","raw_affiliation_strings":["North Carolina State University,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Raleigh,NC,USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"North Carolina State University,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Raleigh,NC,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048272917","display_name":"Mihail L. Sichitiu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5186-842X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mihail Sichitiu","raw_affiliation_strings":["North Carolina State University,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Raleigh,NC,USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"North Carolina State University,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Raleigh,NC,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084592170","display_name":"J. A. Abrahamson","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800102766","display_name":"Idaho National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/00ty2a548","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325736334","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I2800102766","https://openalex.org/I2801818860"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jason A. Abrahamson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Idaho National Laboratory,Idaho Falls,ID,USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Idaho National Laboratory,Idaho Falls,ID,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800102766"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Bryton J. Petersen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800102766","display_name":"Idaho National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/00ty2a548","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325736334","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I2800102766","https://openalex.org/I2801818860"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bryton J. Petersen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Idaho National Laboratory,Idaho Falls,ID,USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Idaho National Laboratory,Idaho Falls,ID,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800102766"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104073870","display_name":"Amitabh Mishra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2022-2557"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800102766","display_name":"Idaho National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/00ty2a548","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325736334","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I2800102766","https://openalex.org/I2801818860"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amitabh Mishra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Idaho National Laboratory,Idaho Falls,ID,USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Idaho National Laboratory,Idaho Falls,ID,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800102766"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026520386","display_name":"Arupjyoti Bhuyan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8334-7875"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800102766","display_name":"Idaho National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/00ty2a548","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325736334","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I2800102766","https://openalex.org/I2801818860"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arupjyoti Bhuyan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Idaho National Laboratory,Idaho Falls,ID,USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Idaho National Laboratory,Idaho Falls,ID,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800102766"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.41853927,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"861","last_page":"867"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9940000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9940000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.6922000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-correlation","display_name":"Spatial correlation","score":0.6238999962806702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orientation","display_name":"Orientation (vector space)","score":0.6001999974250793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shadow","display_name":"Shadow (psychology)","score":0.5548999905586243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/correlation","display_name":"Correlation","score":0.5515999794006348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kriging","display_name":"Kriging","score":0.5333999991416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elevation","display_name":"Elevation (ballistics)","score":0.5284000039100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elevation-angle","display_name":"Elevation angle","score":0.5059999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.4410000145435333}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.6922000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150060386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7574054","display_name":"Spatial correlation","level":2,"score":0.6238999962806702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16345878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q107472979","display_name":"Orientation (vector space)","level":2,"score":0.6001999974250793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5784000158309937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117797892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q286363","display_name":"Shadow (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5548999905586243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117220453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5172842","display_name":"Correlation","level":2,"score":0.5515999794006348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81692654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q225926","display_name":"Kriging","level":2,"score":0.5333999991416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37054046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641888","display_name":"Elevation (ballistics)","level":2,"score":0.5284000039100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986230362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q203218","display_name":"Elevation angle","level":3,"score":0.5059999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.4410000145435333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.42089998722076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5297727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786970","display_name":"Autocorrelation","level":2,"score":0.4194999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.41769999265670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116544410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1478122","display_name":"Shadow mapping","level":2,"score":0.39590001106262207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139945424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940696","display_name":"Mean squared error","level":2,"score":0.3589000105857849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3582000136375427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13545353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4763363","display_name":"Angle of arrival","level":3,"score":0.3456999957561493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.3248000144958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154910267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1740982","display_name":"Non-line-of-sight propagation","level":3,"score":0.2992999851703644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2973000109195709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176808163","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17105794","display_name":"Signal strength","level":3,"score":0.29280000925064087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.29249998927116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.27140000462532043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.26910001039505005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.2680000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163018871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1302587","display_name":"Cross-correlation","level":2,"score":0.2630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95491727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q992968","display_name":"Mobile telephony","level":3,"score":0.25440001487731934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159620131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983","display_name":"Spatial analysis","level":2,"score":0.25220000743865967}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ieeeconf67917.2025.11443710","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ieeeconf67917.2025.11443710","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 59th Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems, and Computers","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2512.05332","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2512.05332","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2512.05332","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2512.05332","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2512.05332","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2512.05332","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2512.05332","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2512.05332","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4414820120","https://openalex.org/W3015839001","https://openalex.org/W3094539441","https://openalex.org/W2593800580","https://openalex.org/W4319338698","https://openalex.org/W4400447267","https://openalex.org/W4405975626","https://openalex.org/W3033334211","https://openalex.org/W2930720221","https://openalex.org/W4391305571","https://openalex.org/W1981042581","https://openalex.org/W4389787707","https://openalex.org/W2791093940","https://openalex.org/W3094328268","https://openalex.org/W2165594468"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Future":[0],"wireless":[1],"networks":[2],"demand":[3],"a":[4,51,86,114,122,129,136,141],"more":[5],"accurate":[6],"understanding":[7],"of":[8,95],"channel":[9],"behavior":[10,46],"to":[11,24,152,184],"enable":[12],"efficient":[13],"communication":[14],"with":[15,128],"reduced":[16],"interference.":[17],"Uncrewed":[18],"Aerial":[19],"Vehicles":[20],"(UAVs)":[21],"are":[22],"poised":[23],"play":[25],"an":[26,105,175],"integral":[27],"role":[28],"in":[29,47,74,121,180],"these":[30],"networks,":[31],"offering":[32],"versatile":[33],"applications":[34],"and":[35,61,67,98,103,107,140,154,193],"flexible":[36],"deployment":[37],"options.":[38],"However,":[39],"accurately":[40],"characterizing":[41],"the":[42,63,81,93,147,160,165,185],"shadow":[43],"fading":[44],"(SF)":[45],"UAV":[48,96,117,191],"communications":[49],"remains":[50],"challenge.":[52],"Traditional":[53],"SF":[54,102,148],"correlation":[55,110,149,162,187],"models":[56],"rely":[57],"on":[58,101],"spatial":[59,109],"distance":[60],"neglect":[62],"UAV\u2019s":[64],"3D":[65],"orientation":[66,192],"elevation":[68,99],"angle.":[69],"Yet":[70],"even":[71],"slight":[72],"variations":[73],"pitch":[75,97],"angle":[76],"(5\u201310\u00b0)":[77],"can":[78,145],"significantly":[79],"affect":[80],"signal":[82,171],"strength":[83,172],"observed":[84],"by":[85,150],"UAV.":[87],"In":[88,157],"this":[89],"study,":[90],"we":[91],"investigate":[92],"impact":[94],"geometry":[100],"propose":[104],"elevation-":[106],"tilt-aware":[108],"model.":[111],"We":[112],"use":[113],"real-world":[115],"fixed-altitude":[116],"measurement":[118],"dataset":[119],"collected":[120],"rural":[123],"environment":[124],"at":[125],"3.32":[126],"GHz":[127],"125":[130],"kHz":[131],"bandwidth.":[132],"Results":[133],"show":[134],"that":[135,189],"10\u00b0":[137],"tilt-angle":[138],"separation":[139,144],"20\u00b0":[142],"elevation-angle":[143],"reduce":[146],"up":[151],"15%":[153],"40%,":[155],"respectively.":[156],"addition,":[158],"integrating":[159],"proposed":[161],"model":[163,188],"into":[164],"ordinary":[166],"Kriging":[167],"(OK)":[168],"framework":[169],"for":[170],"prediction":[173],"yields":[174],"approximate":[176],"1.5":[177],"dB":[178],"improvement":[179],"median":[181],"RMSE":[182],"relative":[183],"traditional":[186],"ignores":[190],"elevation.":[194]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-12-09T00:00:00"}