{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3013484026","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ieeeconf44664.2019.9048650","title":"General First-Order Framework for Passive Detection with Two Sensor Arrays","display_name":"General First-Order Framework for Passive Detection with Two Sensor Arrays","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3013484026","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ieeeconf44664.2019.9048650","mag":"3013484026"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ieeeconf44664.2019.9048650","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ieeeconf44664.2019.9048650","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 53rd Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems, and Computers","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080469112","display_name":"Louis L. Scharf","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1764-9335"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92446798","display_name":"Colorado State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03k1gpj17","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92446798"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Louis Scharf","raw_affiliation_strings":["Colorado State University,Fort Collins,CO,80521","Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Colorado State University,Fort Collins,CO,80521","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92446798"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92446798"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070644811","display_name":"L.T. McWhorter","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1320697193","display_name":"Canon (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/05gg0gh87","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1320697193"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L. Todd McWhorter","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brooks Canyon LLC,Masonville,CO,80541","Brooks Canyon LLC, Masonville, CO"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brooks Canyon LLC,Masonville,CO,80541","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1320697193"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brooks Canyon LLC, Masonville, CO","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082661844","display_name":"James A. Given","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3051-8532"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1288214837","display_name":"United States Naval Research Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/04d23a975","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1288214837","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I175003984","https://openalex.org/I3130687028"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James Given","raw_affiliation_strings":["Naval Research Lab,Washington,DC,20375-5320","Naval Research Lab, Washington, DC"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Naval Research Lab,Washington,DC,20375-5320","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1288214837"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Naval Research Lab, Washington, DC","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1288214837"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074997696","display_name":"Margaret Cheney","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8562-0716"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92446798","display_name":"Colorado State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03k1gpj17","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92446798"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Margaret Cheney","raw_affiliation_strings":["Colorado State University,Fort Collins,CO,80521","Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Colorado State University,Fort Collins,CO,80521","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92446798"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92446798"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5080469112"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92446798"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1854,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.59973625,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"94","last_page":"97"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12879","display_name":"Distributed Sensor Networks and Detection Algorithms","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12879","display_name":"Distributed Sensor Networks and Detection Algorithms","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10931","display_name":"Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Techniques","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10711","display_name":"Target Tracking and Data Fusion in Sensor Networks","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.6081268787384033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covariance","display_name":"Covariance","score":0.6060295104980469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.5901463627815247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.5417265892028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eigenvalues-and-eigenvectors","display_name":"Eigenvalues and eigenvectors","score":0.5300837755203247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.5093413591384888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-system","display_name":"Nonlinear system","score":0.5058826804161072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-to-noise-ratio","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","score":0.4568025767803192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4324912428855896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detection-theory","display_name":"Detection theory","score":0.42038464546203613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covariance-matrix","display_name":"Covariance matrix","score":0.41246891021728516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensor-array","display_name":"Sensor array","score":0.4105220139026642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.40441855788230896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3933763802051544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3658701181411743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.30865588784217834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.24000313878059387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.19906851649284363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1930811107158661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.1492588222026825}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.6081268787384033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178650346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201984","display_name":"Covariance","level":2,"score":0.6060295104980469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.5901463627815247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.5417265892028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158693339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190524","display_name":"Eigenvalues and eigenvectors","level":2,"score":0.5300837755203247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.5093413591384888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.5058826804161072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13944312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512748","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","level":2,"score":0.4568025767803192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4324912428855896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137270730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120811","display_name":"Detection theory","level":3,"score":0.42038464546203613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185142706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134404","display_name":"Covariance matrix","level":2,"score":0.41246891021728516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66251956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451086","display_name":"Sensor array","level":2,"score":0.4105220139026642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.40441855788230896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3933763802051544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3658701181411743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.30865588784217834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.24000313878059387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.19906851649284363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1930811107158661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1492588222026825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ieeeconf44664.2019.9048650","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ieeeconf44664.2019.9048650","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 53rd Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems, and Computers","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.5299999713897705}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2005744132","https://openalex.org/W2013480477","https://openalex.org/W2101478599","https://openalex.org/W2157482107","https://openalex.org/W2517432599","https://openalex.org/W2594204008","https://openalex.org/W2729451695"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2886934452","https://openalex.org/W1489099099","https://openalex.org/W2024369332","https://openalex.org/W2030486344","https://openalex.org/W2041440059","https://openalex.org/W2387156362","https://openalex.org/W2036807298","https://openalex.org/W2074073404","https://openalex.org/W4285814784","https://openalex.org/W2072903707"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper":[2],"we":[3],"establish":[4],"a":[5,26,59,70,86,115],"general":[6],"framework":[7,22],"for":[8,12,29],"deriving":[9],"two-channel":[10,87],"detectors":[11],"passively":[13],"detecting":[14],"sources":[15],"of":[16,40,69,85,96,126],"acoustic":[17],"or":[18,54],"electromagnetic":[19],"radiation.":[20],"The":[21,47],"is":[23,52,114],"based":[24],"on":[25],"first-order":[27,116],"model":[28,113],"multivariate":[30],"normal":[31],"measurements":[32,57,103],"at":[33,104],"two":[34,106],"spatially":[35],"separated":[36],"arrays,":[37,65],"each":[38],"consisting":[39],"L":[41],"sensors":[42],"that":[43],"record":[44],"M":[45],"snapshots.":[46],"question":[48],"to":[49,62,78],"be":[50],"answered":[51],"whether":[53],"not":[55],"these":[56],"contain":[58],"signal":[60],"common":[61],"both":[63],"sensor":[64],"indicating":[66],"the":[67,80,91,105,110,118,127],"existence":[68],"radiating":[71],"source.":[72],"Generalized":[73],"likelihood":[74],"ratios":[75],"(GLRs)":[76],"aim":[77],"maximize":[79],"output":[81],"signal-to-noise":[82],"ratio":[83],"(SNR)":[84],"receiver.":[88],"Quite":[89],"generally,":[90],"GLRs":[92],"are":[93,122],"maximum":[94],"eigenvalues":[95],"variance-normalized":[97],"covariance":[98],"matrices":[99],"constructed":[100],"from":[101],"spacetime":[102],"arrays.":[107],"So,":[108],"while":[109],"underlying":[111],"measurement":[112],"model,":[117],"resulting":[119],"GLR":[120],"statistics":[121],"decidedly":[123],"nonlinear":[124],"functions":[125],"measurements.":[128]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-28T08:17:26.163206","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
