{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408281950","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon55916.2024.10905550","title":"Statistical Performance and Stability Evaluation of Metaheuristic-Based PID Tuning for Flyback Converters","display_name":"Statistical Performance and Stability Evaluation of Metaheuristic-Based PID Tuning for Flyback Converters","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-11-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408281950","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon55916.2024.10905550"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iecon55916.2024.10905550","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon55916.2024.10905550","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IECON 2024 - 50th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5116570150","display_name":"Hafiz Hamza Asghar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I207789805","display_name":"Lahore University of Management Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05b5x4a35","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I207789805"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hafiz Hamza Asghar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lahore University of Management Sciences,Electrical Engineering Department,Lahore,Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lahore University of Management Sciences,Electrical Engineering Department,Lahore,Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I207789805"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084624726","display_name":"Muhammad Ahmad Iqbal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0510-842X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I207789805","display_name":"Lahore University of Management Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05b5x4a35","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I207789805"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Ahmad Iqbal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lahore University of Management Sciences,Electrical Engineering Department,Lahore,Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lahore University of Management Sciences,Electrical Engineering Department,Lahore,Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I207789805"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054055646","display_name":"Ijaz Haider Naqvi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8382-9217"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I207789805","display_name":"Lahore University of Management Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05b5x4a35","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I207789805"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ijaz Haider Naqvi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lahore University of Management Sciences,Electrical Engineering Department,Lahore,Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lahore University of Management Sciences,Electrical Engineering Department,Lahore,Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I207789805"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5116570150"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I207789805"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.35913133,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11081","display_name":"Advanced Control Systems Design","score":0.988099992275238,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11081","display_name":"Advanced Control Systems Design","score":0.988099992275238,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12810","display_name":"Real-time simulation and control systems","score":0.9876000285148621,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13644","display_name":"Control Systems in Engineering","score":0.9804999828338623,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/converters","display_name":"Converters","score":0.8177837133407593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pid-controller","display_name":"PID controller","score":0.816112756729126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metaheuristic","display_name":"Metaheuristic","score":0.6788344383239746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stability","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","score":0.6155372858047485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.5688677430152893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5377926826477051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flyback-transformer","display_name":"Flyback transformer","score":0.535845160484314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.29654425382614136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1668126881122589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.16603633761405945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.12801656126976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.12195312976837158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.10467222332954407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.09352573752403259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.08846136927604675}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778422915","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10302051","display_name":"Converters","level":3,"score":0.8177837133407593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47116090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q716829","display_name":"PID controller","level":3,"score":0.816112756729126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109718341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1385229","display_name":"Metaheuristic","level":2,"score":0.6788344383239746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112972136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7595718","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","level":2,"score":0.6155372858047485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.5688677430152893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5377926826477051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17321440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184909","display_name":"Flyback transformer","level":4,"score":0.535845160484314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.29654425382614136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1668126881122589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.16603633761405945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.12801656126976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.12195312976837158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.10467222332954407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.09352573752403259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.08846136927604675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C536315585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7698332","display_name":"Temperature control","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iecon55916.2024.10905550","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon55916.2024.10905550","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IECON 2024 - 50th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.75,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1589194756","https://openalex.org/W1653951384","https://openalex.org/W1916439528","https://openalex.org/W2075382963","https://openalex.org/W2953135517","https://openalex.org/W2990756991","https://openalex.org/W3009947049","https://openalex.org/W3036075185","https://openalex.org/W4200450921","https://openalex.org/W4253572765","https://openalex.org/W4297790130","https://openalex.org/W4313534889","https://openalex.org/W4313546804","https://openalex.org/W4321499069","https://openalex.org/W4382753463","https://openalex.org/W4386899202","https://openalex.org/W4391455688","https://openalex.org/W4393207092"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2002388147","https://openalex.org/W3098928304","https://openalex.org/W631083485","https://openalex.org/W2394883510","https://openalex.org/W2150958483","https://openalex.org/W1994658960","https://openalex.org/W2984098364","https://openalex.org/W2021014915","https://openalex.org/W2784171413","https://openalex.org/W1485682831"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,84,202],"Flyback":[1],"Converter":[2],"(FBC)":[3],"is":[4,16,33,105,115,184],"widely":[5],"utilized":[6],"in":[7,125,131,150,225],"low-power":[8],"applications.":[9],"A":[10],"Proportional":[11],"Integral":[12],"Derivative":[13],"(PID)":[14],"controller":[15,31,152,197],"typically":[17],"employed":[18],"to":[19,36,57,109,141,174,186],"ensure":[20],"output":[21],"voltage":[22,214],"regulation":[23],"and":[24,72,103,164,208,215],"stability.":[25],"However,":[26],"determining":[27],"the":[28,37,41,66,112,121,143,157,171,188,216,222],"optimal":[29,101],"PID":[30,59,176,228],"gains":[32,60,177,198],"challenging":[34],"due":[35],"bilinear":[38],"nature":[39,64],"of":[40,87,120,145,190,219],"FBC":[42,206,227],"model,":[43],"which":[44],"classifies":[45],"it":[46],"as":[47,61,92],"a":[48,99,211],"non-convex":[49],"optimization":[50],"problem.":[51],"Metaheuristic":[52],"algorithms":[53,167],"are":[54,168],"often":[55],"applied":[56],"optimize":[58,175],"their":[62,126,132],"gradient-independent":[63],"eliminates":[65],"need":[67],"for":[68,170,178,210],"complex":[69],"analytical":[70],"formulations":[71],"trial-and-error":[73],"methods.":[74],"They":[75],"can":[76],"provide":[77,98],"an":[78],"excellent":[79,205],"workable":[80],"approximate":[81],"global":[82,85,116],"solution.":[83],"optimality":[86],"metaheuristics":[88],"cannot":[89],"be":[90],"guaranteed":[91],"they":[93],"may":[94,96],"or":[95,117],"not":[97,118],"globally":[100],"solution,":[102],"there":[104],"no":[106],"deterministic":[107],"way":[108],"determine":[110],"whether":[111],"final":[113],"solution":[114],"because":[119],"inherent":[122,129],"randomness":[123,130],"involved":[124],"structure.":[127],"This":[128],"algorithmic":[133],"structure":[134],"necessitates":[135],"standard":[136,192],"Statistical":[137],"Performance":[138],"Evaluation":[139],"(SPE)":[140],"establish":[142],"superiority":[144,218],"one":[146],"algorithm":[147,224],"over":[148,221],"another":[149],"finding":[151,226],"gains.":[153,229],"In":[154],"this":[155],"paper,":[156],"Improved":[158],"Accelerated":[159],"Particle":[160],"Swarm":[161],"Optimization":[162],"(IAPSO)":[163],"Dragonfly":[165],"(DF)":[166],"implemented":[169],"first":[172],"time":[173],"FBC.":[179],"An":[180],"independent":[181],"samples":[182],"t-test":[183],"conducted":[185],"underscore":[187],"importance":[189],"performing":[191],"statistical":[193,217],"tests":[194],"while":[195],"optimizing":[196],"with":[199],"metaheuristic":[200],"algorithms.":[201],"results":[203],"demonstrate":[204],"response":[207],"stability":[209],"given":[212],"reference":[213],"IAPSO":[220],"DF":[223]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-12-28T23:10:05.387466","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}