{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408282053","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon55916.2024.10905325","title":"BellCrop \u2013 A Bell Pepper Leaf Dataset for Disease Classification and Yield Enhancement using Machine Learning","display_name":"BellCrop \u2013 A Bell Pepper Leaf Dataset for Disease Classification and Yield Enhancement using Machine Learning","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-11-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408282053","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon55916.2024.10905325"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iecon55916.2024.10905325","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon55916.2024.10905325","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IECON 2024 - 50th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104284694","display_name":"Pandula Pallewatta","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90678064","display_name":"University of Colombo","ror":"https://ror.org/02phn5242","country_code":"LK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90678064"]}],"countries":["LK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pandula Pallewatta","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Colombo School of Computing"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Colombo School of Computing","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90678064"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022133705","display_name":"Thilina Halloluwa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0132-6355"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90678064","display_name":"University of Colombo","ror":"https://ror.org/02phn5242","country_code":"LK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90678064"]}],"countries":["LK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thilina Halloluwa","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Colombo School of Computing"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Colombo School of Computing","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90678064"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071519931","display_name":"Kasun Karunanayaka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3933-9832"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90678064","display_name":"University of Colombo","ror":"https://ror.org/02phn5242","country_code":"LK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90678064"]}],"countries":["LK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kasun Karunanayaka","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Colombo School of Computing"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Colombo School of Computing","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90678064"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003653183","display_name":"Gihan Seneviratne","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90678064","display_name":"University of Colombo","ror":"https://ror.org/02phn5242","country_code":"LK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90678064"]}],"countries":["LK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gihan Seneviratne","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Colombo School of Computing"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Colombo School of Computing","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90678064"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023185677","display_name":"Samantha Mathara Arachchi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90678064","display_name":"University of Colombo","ror":"https://ror.org/02phn5242","country_code":"LK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90678064"]}],"countries":["LK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samantha Mathara Arachchi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Colombo School of Computing"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Colombo School of Computing","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90678064"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5628,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86589337,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"7"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10616","display_name":"Smart Agriculture and AI","score":0.9258999824523926,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10616","display_name":"Smart Agriculture and AI","score":0.9258999824523926,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12795","display_name":"Banana Cultivation and Research","score":0.9041000008583069,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5619776844978333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pepper","display_name":"Pepper","score":0.5595365762710571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/yield","display_name":"Yield (engineering)","score":0.5336352586746216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.521953284740448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4758864641189575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4168258607387543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.3308667540550232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.10690838098526001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.075903981924057}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5619776844978333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776242653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22907699","display_name":"Pepper","level":2,"score":0.5595365762710571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134121241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899301","display_name":"Yield (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5336352586746216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.521953284740448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4758864641189575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4168258607387543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.3308667540550232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.10690838098526001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.075903981924057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iecon55916.2024.10905325","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon55916.2024.10905325","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IECON 2024 - 50th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326055","display_name":"University of Colombo","ror":"https://ror.org/02phn5242"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1959279583","https://openalex.org/W2014408679","https://openalex.org/W2069086211","https://openalex.org/W2084426892","https://openalex.org/W2120882009","https://openalex.org/W2122325761","https://openalex.org/W2139642649","https://openalex.org/W2523779200","https://openalex.org/W2547006103","https://openalex.org/W2786538427","https://openalex.org/W2920827296","https://openalex.org/W2976282159","https://openalex.org/W3015945589","https://openalex.org/W3037055897","https://openalex.org/W3081001824","https://openalex.org/W3163885127","https://openalex.org/W3168133182","https://openalex.org/W3175065557","https://openalex.org/W3189087321","https://openalex.org/W3203464207","https://openalex.org/W3204243169","https://openalex.org/W3208735709","https://openalex.org/W3210071025","https://openalex.org/W4213139599","https://openalex.org/W4223921159","https://openalex.org/W4283018685","https://openalex.org/W4283274474","https://openalex.org/W4285490279","https://openalex.org/W4288754117","https://openalex.org/W4296423656","https://openalex.org/W4306877220","https://openalex.org/W4362583464","https://openalex.org/W4366374380","https://openalex.org/W4367598041","https://openalex.org/W4387539845","https://openalex.org/W4394995535"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2348255987","https://openalex.org/W216299563","https://openalex.org/W2383317600","https://openalex.org/W2374854175","https://openalex.org/W4247002034","https://openalex.org/W2389892717","https://openalex.org/W860838688","https://openalex.org/W2182072318","https://openalex.org/W1491707358","https://openalex.org/W2979612595"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"majority":[1],"of":[2,32,36,78,102,109,117,127,136,166,186],"crop":[3,156],"vision":[4],"datasets":[5],"include":[6],"domain-specific":[7],"annotations":[8],"for":[9,146,150],"use":[10,165],"in":[11,16,57,64,131,139,189],"advanced":[12,167],"deep":[13,128],"learning":[14,129],"applications":[15],"both":[17],"offline":[18],"and":[19,47,90,120,154,173],"online":[20],"agricultural":[21,190],"settings.":[22,191],"In":[23],"this":[24],"study,":[25],"we":[26],"present":[27],"BellCrop,":[28],"a":[29,73,76],"novel":[30],"dataset":[31],"4,860":[33],"high-resolution":[34],"images":[35,61],"bell":[37,140],"pepper":[38],"leaves":[39],"divided":[40],"into":[41,163],"three":[42],"categories:":[43],"Healthy,":[44],"Powdery":[45],"mildew-infected,":[46],"Magnesium-deficient":[48],"leaves.":[49],"Unlike":[50],"previous":[51],"datasets,":[52],"which":[53],"were":[54,62,70,92],"primarily":[55],"collected":[56],"controlled":[58],"environments,":[59],"these":[60,96],"captured":[63],"greenhouses":[65],"under":[66],"natural":[67],"conditions.":[68],"Images":[69],"taken":[71],"with":[72,75],"camera":[74],"resolution":[77],"3468":[79],"\u00d7":[80],"4624":[81],"pixels.":[82],"Deep":[83],"learning-based":[84],"classifiers":[85],"such":[86],"as":[87,170],"VGG19,":[88],"Xception,":[89],"ResNet50":[91],"used":[93],"to":[94],"detect":[95],"diseases":[97,138],"during":[98],"the":[99,106,110,112,125,133,160,164,184],"early":[100,134],"stages":[101],"plant":[103],"growth.":[104],"Despite":[105],"challenging":[107],"nature":[108],"dataset,":[111],"results":[113],"show":[114],"detection":[115,135],"accuracies":[116],"87%,":[118],"81%,":[119],"80%.":[121],"BellCrop":[122],"study":[123,161],"demonstrates":[124],"potential":[126],"models":[130,168],"automating":[132],"leaf":[137],"peppers.":[141],"It":[142],"has":[143],"significant":[144],"implications":[145],"precision":[147],"agriculture,":[148],"allowing":[149],"more":[151,178],"timely":[152],"interventions":[153],"improved":[155],"management":[157],"efficiency.":[158],"Additionally,":[159],"looks":[162],"known":[169],"Transformers.":[171],"EfficientNet-B7":[172],"Vision":[174],"Transformers":[175],"(DeiT)":[176],"achieved":[177],"than":[179],"90%":[180],"accuracy":[181],"rates,":[182],"improving":[183],"reliability":[185],"disease":[187],"classification":[188]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
