{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4310971554","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon49645.2022.9968622","title":"Early Fault Diagnosis Approach for PEM Stack based on Phase Measurement of Single-Frequency Impedance","display_name":"Early Fault Diagnosis Approach for PEM Stack based on Phase Measurement of Single-Frequency Impedance","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-10-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4310971554","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon49645.2022.9968622"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iecon49645.2022.9968622","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon49645.2022.9968622","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607717","display_name":"IECON 2022 \u2013 48th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IECON 2022 \u2013 48th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013637291","display_name":"Zhenjie Liao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhenjie Liao","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,School of Automation Engineering,Chengdu,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,School of Automation Engineering,Chengdu,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100399847","display_name":"Kai Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0434-4762"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kai Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,School of Automation Engineering,Chengdu,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,School of Automation Engineering,Chengdu,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068718370","display_name":"Jishen Cao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1956-678X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jishen Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,School of Automation Engineering,Chengdu,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,School of Automation Engineering,Chengdu,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114128425","display_name":"Yan Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7502-0467"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yan Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,School of Automation Engineering,Chengdu,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,School of Automation Engineering,Chengdu,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085033079","display_name":"Cong Yin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5411-5407"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cong Yin","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,School of Automation Engineering,Chengdu,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,School of Automation Engineering,Chengdu,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054306522","display_name":"Hao Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3622-878X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,School of Automation Engineering,Chengdu,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,School of Automation Engineering,Chengdu,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5013637291"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3222,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.44607827,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10409","display_name":"Fuel Cells and Related Materials","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10409","display_name":"Fuel Cells and Related Materials","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11472","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry and Sensors","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1502","display_name":"Bioengineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10663","display_name":"Advanced Battery Technologies Research","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proton-exchange-membrane-fuel-cell","display_name":"Proton exchange membrane fuel cell","score":0.8535094857215881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stack","display_name":"Stack (abstract data type)","score":0.7568414211273193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-impedance","display_name":"Electrical impedance","score":0.7247146368026733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault","display_name":"Fault (geology)","score":0.5611889362335205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/durability","display_name":"Durability","score":0.4823690950870514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flooding","display_name":"Flooding (psychology)","score":0.451347291469574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering","display_name":"Automotive engineering","score":0.4404177963733673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.4268586039543152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/limit","display_name":"Limit (mathematics)","score":0.42336979508399963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3980250358581543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.3923361599445343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.35812681913375854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuel-cells","display_name":"Fuel cells","score":0.3311649560928345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.31795239448547363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.2596343755722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.09326118230819702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-material","display_name":"Composite material","score":0.07454058527946472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.07140418887138367}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132319479","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899619","display_name":"Proton exchange membrane fuel cell","level":3,"score":0.8535094857215881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9395851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177929","display_name":"Stack (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.7568414211273193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17829176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179043","display_name":"Electrical impedance","level":2,"score":0.7247146368026733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175551986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47089","display_name":"Fault (geology)","level":2,"score":0.5611889362335205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104304963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5316114","display_name":"Durability","level":2,"score":0.4823690950870514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186594467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1429176","display_name":"Flooding (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.451347291469574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.4404177963733673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.4268586039543152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151201525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177239","display_name":"Limit (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.42336979508399963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3980250358581543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.3923361599445343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.35812681913375854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987658370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180253","display_name":"Fuel cells","level":2,"score":0.3311649560928345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.31795239448547363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2596343755722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.09326118230819702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.07454058527946472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.07140418887138367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165205528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83371","display_name":"Seismology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iecon49645.2022.9968622","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon49645.2022.9968622","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607717","display_name":"IECON 2022 \u2013 48th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IECON 2022 \u2013 48th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","score":0.7900000214576721,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1506112073","https://openalex.org/W1608153130","https://openalex.org/W1653306758","https://openalex.org/W1980013400","https://openalex.org/W2033477755","https://openalex.org/W2040339512","https://openalex.org/W2078123740","https://openalex.org/W2119007261","https://openalex.org/W2162474146","https://openalex.org/W2945662290","https://openalex.org/W2946395150","https://openalex.org/W3011787367","https://openalex.org/W3027943074","https://openalex.org/W3163550966","https://openalex.org/W4285147121"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2380576232","https://openalex.org/W2369019401","https://openalex.org/W2093424824","https://openalex.org/W2013417677","https://openalex.org/W3217129854","https://openalex.org/W2083114629","https://openalex.org/W2016212619","https://openalex.org/W2368719846","https://openalex.org/W4386415288","https://openalex.org/W1971704801"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Proton":[0],"exchange":[1],"membrane":[2],"fuel":[3,131,174],"cells":[4],"(PEMFCs)":[5],"have":[6],"been":[7],"extensively":[8],"studied":[9,97],"and":[10,19,25,58,149,161,170],"commercialized":[11],"in":[12,65,93,98,108,122],"many":[13],"fields,":[14],"such":[15],"as":[16],"electric":[17],"vehicle":[18],"residential":[20],"applications,":[21],"but":[22],"some":[23],"operational":[24],"technical":[26],"challenges":[27,36],"limit":[28],"their":[29],"more":[30],"widespread":[31],"use.":[32],"One":[33],"of":[34,56,82,90,113,172],"the":[35,63,69,80,94,104,109,119,123,127,167,173],"is":[37,53,142,146],"that":[38,103],"PEMFCs":[39],"are":[40,115],"prone":[41],"to":[42,47,61,151,165],"drying":[43],"or":[44],"flooding":[45],"due":[46],"inappropriate":[48],"operating":[49],"conditions.":[50],"However,":[51],"there":[52],"a":[54,130],"lack":[55],"simple":[57],"effective":[59],"method":[60,135,145],"detect":[62],"faults":[64,159],"advance.":[66],"To":[67],"address":[68],"issue,":[70],"this":[71,99],"paper":[72],"presents":[73],"an":[74],"early":[75,158],"diagnosis":[76,134,160],"approach":[77],"by":[78],"measuring":[79],"phase":[81,106,140],"single-frequency":[83,138],"impedance.":[84],"Impedance":[85],"responses":[86],"under":[87],"different":[88],"conditions":[89],"water":[91,120,163],"content":[92,121],"stack":[95],"were":[96],"paper.":[100],"Experiments":[101],"show":[102],"impedance":[105,139],"angles":[107],"mid-frequency":[110],"range":[111],"(tens":[112],"Hz)":[114],"positively":[116],"correlated":[117],"with":[118],"stack.":[124],"By":[125],"analyzing":[126],"experimental":[128],"results,":[129],"cell":[132,175],"fault":[133],"based":[136],"on":[137],"angle":[141],"proposed.":[143],"This":[144],"simple,":[147],"effective,":[148],"easy":[150],"implement.":[152],"It":[153],"can":[154],"be":[155],"used":[156],"for":[157],"closed-loop":[162],"management":[164],"improve":[166],"performance,":[168],"durability,":[169],"reliability":[171],"system.":[176]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-01-13T01:12:25.745995","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
