{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4310970132","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon49645.2022.9968557","title":"Fault Behavior of Inverter-based Resources: A Comparative Study for Grid-forming and Grid-following Control Paradigms","display_name":"Fault Behavior of Inverter-based Resources: A Comparative Study for Grid-forming and Grid-following Control Paradigms","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-10-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4310970132","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon49645.2022.9968557"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iecon49645.2022.9968557","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon49645.2022.9968557","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607717","display_name":"IECON 2022 \u2013 48th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IECON 2022 \u2013 48th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/bitstream/20.500.12942/705980/2/2022_10_19_IECON.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002775633","display_name":"Nathan Baeckeland","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9633-4619"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nathan Baeckeland","raw_affiliation_strings":["KU Leuven,Department of Electrical Engineering,Ghent,Belgium","Department of Electrical Engineering, KU Leuven, Ghent, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KU Leuven,Department of Electrical Engineering,Ghent,Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, KU Leuven, Ghent, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051448718","display_name":"D. Venkatramanan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6527-2101"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Venkatramanan","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Minnesota,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Minneapolis,MN,USA,55455","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Minnesota,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Minneapolis,MN,USA,55455","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047138190","display_name":"Michael Kleemann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5176-871X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Kleemann","raw_affiliation_strings":["KU Leuven,Department of Electrical Engineering,Ghent,Belgium","Department of Electrical Engineering, KU Leuven, Ghent, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KU Leuven,Department of Electrical Engineering,Ghent,Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, KU Leuven, Ghent, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081876985","display_name":"Sairaj V. Dhople","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1180-1415"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sairaj Dhople","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Minnesota,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Minneapolis,MN,USA,55455","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Minnesota,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Minneapolis,MN,USA,55455","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5002775633"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0617,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7445905,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11102","display_name":"HVDC Systems and Fault Protection","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13183","display_name":"Islanding Detection in Power Systems","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transient","display_name":"Transient (computer programming)","score":0.665391206741333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-current-limiter","display_name":"Fault current limiter","score":0.6493304371833801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6413139700889587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.6297745704650879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-impedance","display_name":"High impedance","score":0.5257024765014648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inverter","display_name":"Inverter","score":0.5063992738723755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-impedance","display_name":"Electrical impedance","score":0.49451205134391785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.49282076954841614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/total-harmonic-distortion","display_name":"Total harmonic distortion","score":0.4447821378707886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault","display_name":"Fault (geology)","score":0.4333270788192749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waveform","display_name":"Waveform","score":0.4309411644935608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-domain","display_name":"Time domain","score":0.43089020252227783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4253338873386383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/limiter","display_name":"Limiter","score":0.42162415385246277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.3684438467025757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.22282001376152039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.185368150472641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.14609891176223755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.10134273767471313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.09753528237342834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-system","display_name":"Electric power system","score":0.09024477005004883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.08622437715530396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.074400395154953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.06986778974533081}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780799671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17087362","display_name":"Transient (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.665391206741333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129187525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858078","display_name":"Fault current limiter","level":4,"score":0.6493304371833801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6413139700889587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.6297745704650879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174268685","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q769127","display_name":"High impedance","level":3,"score":0.5257024765014648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11190779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q664575","display_name":"Inverter","level":3,"score":0.5063992738723755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17829176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179043","display_name":"Electrical impedance","level":2,"score":0.49451205134391785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.49282076954841614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42156128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162641","display_name":"Total harmonic distortion","level":3,"score":0.4447821378707886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175551986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47089","display_name":"Fault (geology)","level":2,"score":0.4333270788192749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197424946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165717","display_name":"Waveform","level":3,"score":0.4309411644935608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103824480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185889","display_name":"Time domain","level":2,"score":0.43089020252227783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4253338873386383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45011657","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1613840","display_name":"Limiter","level":2,"score":0.42162415385246277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.3684438467025757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.22282001376152039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.185368150472641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.14609891176223755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.10134273767471313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09753528237342834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.09024477005004883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.08622437715530396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.074400395154953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.06986778974533081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165205528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83371","display_name":"Seismology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iecon49645.2022.9968557","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon49645.2022.9968557","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607717","display_name":"IECON 2022 \u2013 48th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IECON 2022 \u2013 48th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:lirias2repo.kuleuven.be:20.500.12942/705980","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/bitstream/20.500.12942/705980/2/2022_10_19_IECON.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401954","display_name":"Lirias (KU Leuven)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","host_organization_name":"KU Leuven","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"48th annual conference of the IEEE industrial electronics society (IECON), Brussels, Belgium, 17-20 October 2022","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:lirias2repo.kuleuven.be:20.500.12942/705980","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/bitstream/20.500.12942/705980/2/2022_10_19_IECON.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401954","display_name":"Lirias (KU Leuven)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","host_organization_name":"KU Leuven","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"48th annual conference of the IEEE industrial electronics society (IECON), Brussels, Belgium, 17-20 October 2022","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/01bj3aw27"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306621","display_name":"Belgian American Educational Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/014rsed66"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337712","display_name":"Solar Energy Technologies Office","ror":"https://ror.org/033jmdj81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337919","display_name":"Office of Energy Efficiency","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1834350974","https://openalex.org/W1930480533","https://openalex.org/W2137044549","https://openalex.org/W2205729486","https://openalex.org/W2766418970","https://openalex.org/W2973340386","https://openalex.org/W2997433473","https://openalex.org/W3005256021","https://openalex.org/W3028546528","https://openalex.org/W3034366277","https://openalex.org/W3035727330","https://openalex.org/W3108610636","https://openalex.org/W3162704965","https://openalex.org/W3165186890","https://openalex.org/W3213819346","https://openalex.org/W4200077653","https://openalex.org/W4200125936","https://openalex.org/W4210800803","https://openalex.org/W4221152008","https://openalex.org/W6795295600","https://openalex.org/W6809638181"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3205461242","https://openalex.org/W2156592284","https://openalex.org/W2081461087","https://openalex.org/W2126473043","https://openalex.org/W2160511799","https://openalex.org/W2619699170","https://openalex.org/W2091960629","https://openalex.org/W1971361974","https://openalex.org/W2724875455","https://openalex.org/W2951631724"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,32],"compare":[4],"the":[5,82,85,102],"performance":[6,76,83,94],"of":[7,28,36,84,105,114],"grid-forming":[8],"(GFM)":[9],"and":[10,38,49,58,73,100],"grid-following":[11],"(GFL)":[12],"inverters":[13,91],"during":[14],"unbalanced":[15],"grid":[16],"faults.":[17],"By":[18],"performing":[19],"an":[20,29],"exhaustive":[21],"time-domain":[22],"electromagnetic":[23],"transient":[24,37,45,72],"(EMT)":[25],"simulation":[26],"study":[27],"allinverter":[30],"network,":[31],"compute":[33],"a":[34],"variety":[35],"steadystate":[39],"fault":[40,75,112],"signatures":[41],"including":[42],"peak":[43],"current,":[44],"time,":[46],"sequence":[47],"voltages,":[48],"harmonic":[50],"distortion":[51],"with":[52],"computational":[53],"methods":[54],"spanning":[55],"wavelet,":[56],"Fourier,":[57],"Forstescue":[59],"transforms.":[60],"Simulation":[61],"results":[62],"quantitatively":[63],"establish":[64],"that:":[65],"i)":[66],"GFM":[67,90,115],"control":[68],"architectures":[69],"offer":[70],"superior":[71],"steady-state":[74],"compared":[77,95],"to":[78,96],"GFL":[79],"architectures,":[80],"ii)":[81],"virtual-impedance":[86],"current":[87],"limiter":[88],"in":[89],"offers":[92],"better":[93],"current-reference":[97],"saturation":[98],"limiter,":[99],"iii)":[101],"specific":[103],"choice":[104],"primary-control":[106],"method":[107],"has":[108],"minimal":[109],"impact":[110],"on":[111],"behavior":[113],"inverters.":[116]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2022-12-21T00:00:00"}
