{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3212142184","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon48115.2021.9589168","title":"Emulation of Complex Grid Scenarios by using Power Hardware In the Loop (PHIL) Techniques","display_name":"Emulation of Complex Grid Scenarios by using Power Hardware In the Loop (PHIL) Techniques","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3212142184","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon48115.2021.9589168","mag":"3212142184"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iecon48115.2021.9589168","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon48115.2021.9589168","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IECON 2021 \u2013 47th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057127131","display_name":"Javier Rold\u00e1n\u2010P\u00e9rez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9759-4006"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I105140100","display_name":"Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies","ror":"https://ror.org/027pk6j83","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I105140100"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Javier Roldan-Perez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Systems Unit, IMDEA Energy, Madrid, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Systems Unit, IMDEA Energy, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I105140100"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090083452","display_name":"Diana Patricia Mor\u00e1n-R\u00edo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2438-825X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I105140100","display_name":"Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies","ror":"https://ror.org/027pk6j83","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I105140100"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Diana P. Moran-Rio","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Systems Unit, IMDEA Energy, Madrid, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Systems Unit, IMDEA Energy, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I105140100"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036071325","display_name":"Dionysios Moutevelis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3388-117X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I105140100","display_name":"Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies","ror":"https://ror.org/027pk6j83","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I105140100"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dionysios Moutevelis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Systems Unit, IMDEA Energy, Madrid, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Systems Unit, IMDEA Energy, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I105140100"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047017197","display_name":"Pablo Rodr\u00edguez-Ortega","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9413-0919"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I105140100","display_name":"Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies","ror":"https://ror.org/027pk6j83","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I105140100"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pablo Rodriguez-Ortega","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Systems Unit, IMDEA Energy, Madrid, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Systems Unit, IMDEA Energy, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I105140100"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003888764","display_name":"Njegos Jankovic","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3358-069X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I105140100","display_name":"Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies","ror":"https://ror.org/027pk6j83","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I105140100"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Njegos Jankovic","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Systems Unit, IMDEA Energy, Madrid, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Systems Unit, IMDEA Energy, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I105140100"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019111171","display_name":"Mohammad Ebrahim Zarei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8617-1868"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I105140100","display_name":"Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies","ror":"https://ror.org/027pk6j83","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I105140100"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Ebrahim Zarei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Systems Unit, IMDEA Energy, Madrid, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Systems Unit, IMDEA Energy, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I105140100"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055836013","display_name":"Milan Prodanovi\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5500-9799"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I105140100","display_name":"Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies","ror":"https://ror.org/027pk6j83","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I105140100"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Milan Prodanovic","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Systems Unit, IMDEA Energy, Madrid, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Systems Unit, IMDEA Energy, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I105140100"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5057127131"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I105140100"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.824,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73039706,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12810","display_name":"Real-time simulation and control systems","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14444","display_name":"Power Systems and Renewable Energy","score":0.9908999800682068,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2102","display_name":"Energy Engineering and Power Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emulation","display_name":"Emulation","score":0.9332897663116455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hardware-in-the-loop-simulation","display_name":"Hardware-in-the-loop simulation","score":0.6907966136932373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/converters","display_name":"Converters","score":0.6649568676948547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.5999022722244263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5834469795227051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.45114725828170776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-system","display_name":"Electric power system","score":0.4475909173488617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.4346925914287567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.4289478659629822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.4108947813510895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.34219300746917725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3183593153953552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.10109373927116394}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149810388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5374873","display_name":"Emulation","level":2,"score":0.9332897663116455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70587628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1142371","display_name":"Hardware-in-the-loop simulation","level":2,"score":0.6907966136932373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778422915","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10302051","display_name":"Converters","level":3,"score":0.6649568676948547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.5999022722244263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5834469795227051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.45114725828170776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.4475909173488617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.4346925914287567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4289478659629822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.4108947813510895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.34219300746917725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3183593153953552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.10109373927116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iecon48115.2021.9589168","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon48115.2021.9589168","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IECON 2021 \u2013 47th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.7599999904632568,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1555319078","https://openalex.org/W1763243278","https://openalex.org/W1983667108","https://openalex.org/W1995879073","https://openalex.org/W2139361710","https://openalex.org/W2151903076","https://openalex.org/W2171199392","https://openalex.org/W2321266920","https://openalex.org/W2344284392","https://openalex.org/W2484412178","https://openalex.org/W2809956837","https://openalex.org/W2908213566","https://openalex.org/W2914990784","https://openalex.org/W2924906513","https://openalex.org/W2996323006","https://openalex.org/W3154122279","https://openalex.org/W4242089704","https://openalex.org/W4251493252","https://openalex.org/W6752887213"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W1930195030","https://openalex.org/W1543698845","https://openalex.org/W2620800004","https://openalex.org/W2337014604","https://openalex.org/W2094874085","https://openalex.org/W4376606360","https://openalex.org/W3209904385","https://openalex.org/W2361368568","https://openalex.org/W2797340941"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,51,98],"recent":[1],"years,":[2],"power":[3,63,65,126],"electronic":[4],"converters":[5],"have":[6,72],"been":[7,73],"increasingly":[8,74],"used":[9,118],"for":[10],"integration":[11],"of":[12,61,78,89,103,125,166],"different":[13],"generation":[14],"technologies":[15],"to":[16,21,34,42,53,119],"electricity":[17],"networks.":[18],"However,":[19,76],"due":[20],"their":[22,143],"fast":[23],"control":[24,135],"loops":[25],"and":[26,85,93,96,133,142,172],"non-ideal":[27],"grid":[28,45,80,105],"conditions,":[29],"these":[30],"devices":[31,58,127],"are":[32,140,153,186],"prone":[33],"interact":[35],"with":[36,47,146],"each":[37],"other.":[38],"This":[39],"can":[40,116,175],"lead":[41],"an":[43],"unstable":[44],"operation":[46],"possible":[48],"catastrophic":[49],"results.":[50],"order":[52],"study":[54],"such":[55],"interactions":[56],"between":[57],"before":[59],"commissioning":[60],"new":[62],"plants,":[64],"hardware":[66,95],"in":[67,107,157,179],"the":[68,90,101,123,130,158,163,180,184],"loop":[69],"(PHIL)":[70],"techniques":[71],"used.":[75],"emulation":[77,102],"complex":[79,104,138],"scenarios":[81,106,139,185],"is":[82,111],"not":[83,121,155],"straightforward":[84],"requires":[86],"in-depth":[87],"knowledge":[88],"emulated":[91,178],"grids":[92],"dedicated":[94],"software.":[97],"this":[99],"paper,":[100],"a":[108],"PHIL":[109,181],"platform":[110],"presented.":[112],"The":[113],"proposed":[114],"methodology":[115],"be":[117,176],"emulate":[120],"only":[122],"dynamics":[124,165],"but":[128],"also":[129],"primary,":[131],"secondary":[132],"tertiary":[134],"levels.":[136],"Four":[137],"described":[141],"implementation":[144],"discussed,":[145],"special":[147],"emphasis":[148],"on":[149],"practical":[150],"details":[151],"that":[152,162],"commonly":[154],"explained":[156],"literature.":[159],"Results":[160],"show":[161],"low-frequency":[164],"diesel":[167],"generators,":[168],"microgrids,":[169],"electrical":[170],"systems":[171],"local-power":[173],"networks":[174],"effectively":[177],"platform.":[182],"All":[183],"validated":[187],"experimentally.":[188]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
