{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3213509382","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon48115.2021.9589124","title":"Evolutionary Algorithm for Incremental Scheduling in Systems of Systems with Real-Time Requirements","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithm for Incremental Scheduling in Systems of Systems with Real-Time Requirements","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3213509382","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon48115.2021.9589124","mag":"3213509382"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iecon48115.2021.9589124","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon48115.2021.9589124","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IECON 2021 \u2013 47th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007067851","display_name":"Setareh Majidi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I206895457","display_name":"University of Siegen","ror":"https://ror.org/02azyry73","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I206895457"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Setareh Majidi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Siegen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Siegen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I206895457"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007015294","display_name":"Roman Obermaisser","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4483-1503"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I206895457","display_name":"University of Siegen","ror":"https://ror.org/02azyry73","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I206895457"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roman Obermaisser","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Siegen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Siegen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I206895457"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I206895457"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12000","display_name":"Systems Engineering Methodologies and Applications","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12000","display_name":"Systems Engineering Methodologies and Applications","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11741","display_name":"Flexible and Reconfigurable Manufacturing Systems","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10933","display_name":"Real-Time Systems Scheduling","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8200673460960388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.7242505550384521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dependability","display_name":"Dependability","score":0.698701798915863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheduling","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","score":0.5976136326789856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/schedule","display_name":"Schedule","score":0.512169599533081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blocking","display_name":"Blocking (statistics)","score":0.43104735016822815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-priority-scheduling","display_name":"Dynamic priority scheduling","score":0.42986220121383667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.14500334858894348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.1312703788280487}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8200673460960388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.7242505550384521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77019957","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2689057","display_name":"Dependability","level":2,"score":0.698701798915863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.5976136326789856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68387754","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7271585","display_name":"Schedule","level":2,"score":0.512169599533081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144745244","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927286","display_name":"Blocking (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.43104735016822815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107568181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5319000","display_name":"Dynamic priority scheduling","level":3,"score":0.42986220121383667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.14500334858894348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.1312703788280487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iecon48115.2021.9589124","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon48115.2021.9589124","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IECON 2021 \u2013 47th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W199813451","https://openalex.org/W568912466","https://openalex.org/W569142667","https://openalex.org/W623417917","https://openalex.org/W1496873529","https://openalex.org/W2058107586","https://openalex.org/W2089520845","https://openalex.org/W2105628511","https://openalex.org/W2126298235","https://openalex.org/W2197668781","https://openalex.org/W2473203200","https://openalex.org/W2502283341","https://openalex.org/W2527886332","https://openalex.org/W2566421533","https://openalex.org/W2747885271","https://openalex.org/W2768086256","https://openalex.org/W2772610583","https://openalex.org/W2899152924","https://openalex.org/W2947095733","https://openalex.org/W4247013179","https://openalex.org/W6608110022","https://openalex.org/W6619603687","https://openalex.org/W6675709371","https://openalex.org/W6743499010","https://openalex.org/W6763335935"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4252527915","https://openalex.org/W2409287660","https://openalex.org/W2233357156","https://openalex.org/W1976489385","https://openalex.org/W4256317220","https://openalex.org/W1506225852","https://openalex.org/W2141414364","https://openalex.org/W2376514150","https://openalex.org/W1523265213","https://openalex.org/W2363668972"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Time-triggered":[0],"Systems-of-Systems":[1],"(SoS)":[2],"promise":[3],"to":[4,64,101,109,187,196,216],"satisfy":[5,188],"the":[6,24,29,41,51,65,71,81,110,117,130,148,158,179,198,211],"real-time":[7,103],"and":[8,20,36,43,49,76,115,133,185],"dependability":[9],"requirements":[10,42],"of":[11,45,67,73,151,161,182,200,232],"safety-relevant":[12],"applications":[13,104,142],"such":[14],"as":[15],"medical":[16],"systems,":[17,70],"smart":[18],"manufacturing":[19],"defense":[21],"systems.":[22],"However,":[23],"time-triggered":[25,111],"scheduling":[26,204],"algorithms":[27],"in":[28,54,60,83,178],"state-of-the-art":[30],"were":[31],"developed":[32],"for":[33,119,163,229],"monolithic":[34,61],"systems":[35,62],"they":[37],"do":[38],"not":[39],"support":[40],"constraints":[44],"SoS.":[46,112],"Scheduling":[47],"tasks":[48],"optimizing":[50],"resource":[52,171,190],"allocation":[53,172],"SoS":[55,122,141],"is":[56],"more":[57,176],"complex":[58],"than":[59],"due":[63],"autonomy":[66],"its":[68,127],"constituting":[69],"lack":[72],"central":[74],"control,":[75],"no":[77],"global":[78],"information":[79],"about":[80],"resources":[82,135,162,184],"different":[84,140],"constituent":[85],"systems.In":[86],"this":[87],"article,":[88],"we":[89,154,167],"propose":[90],"a":[91,97,169,226,230],"two-level":[92],"interactive":[93],"heuristic":[94],"approach":[95],"using":[96],"Genetic":[98],"Algorithm":[99],"(GA)":[100],"schedule":[102,118,228],"incrementally":[105],"by":[106],"adding":[107],"them":[108],"We":[113,192],"compute":[114],"deploy":[116],"each":[120],"new":[121,170,202],"application":[123],"at":[124],"runtime":[125],"after":[126],"arrival.":[128],"Therefore,":[129,166],"limited":[131],"communication":[132],"computational":[134],"must":[136],"be":[137],"shared":[138,152,183],"between":[139],"released":[143],"over":[144],"time.":[145],"By":[146],"reducing":[147],"blocking":[149,180,221],"time":[150,222],"resources,":[153],"can":[155,224],"cope":[156],"with":[157],"possible":[159],"shortage":[160],"future":[164,189],"applications.":[165,233],"develop":[168],"algorithm":[173],"which":[174],"creates":[175],"balance":[177],"times":[181],"helps":[186],"requests.":[191],"generate":[193],"example":[194],"scenarios":[195],"examine":[197],"schedulability":[199],"our":[201],"incremental":[203,218],"algorithm.":[205],"The":[206],"experimental":[207],"results":[208],"show":[209],"that":[210],"proposed":[212],"optimization":[213],"scheme":[214],"compared":[215],"an":[217],"scheduler":[219],"without":[220],"considerations":[223],"find":[225],"better":[227],"sequence":[231]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}