{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3101986992","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon43393.2020.9254875","title":"A Low-Loss Low-Cost DC Circuit Breaker for Power System Protection","display_name":"A Low-Loss Low-Cost DC Circuit Breaker for Power System Protection","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-10-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3101986992","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon43393.2020.9254875","mag":"3101986992"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iecon43393.2020.9254875","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon43393.2020.9254875","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608618","display_name":"IECON 2020 The 46th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IECON 2020 The 46th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031651152","display_name":"Sheng Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2258-2633"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79510175","display_name":"Cardiff University","ror":"https://ror.org/03kk7td41","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sheng Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003102600","display_name":"Wenlong Ming","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1780-7292"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79510175","display_name":"Cardiff University","ror":"https://ror.org/03kk7td41","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenlong Ming","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081134471","display_name":"Carlos E. Ugalde\u2010Loo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6361-4454"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79510175","display_name":"Cardiff University","ror":"https://ror.org/03kk7td41","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carlos E. Ugalde-Loo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.2193646,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"32","issue":null,"first_page":"3427","last_page":"3432"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11102","display_name":"HVDC Systems and Fault Protection","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11102","display_name":"HVDC Systems and Fault Protection","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12598","display_name":"Cardiac Structural Anomalies and Repair","score":0.9830999970436096,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12737","display_name":"Electrical Fault Detection and Protection","score":0.9781000018119812,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/circuit-breaker","display_name":"Circuit breaker","score":0.878509521484375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault","display_name":"Fault (geology)","score":0.5371646881103516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.5262607336044312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.5203794240951538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.45686954259872437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","score":0.4215799570083618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-system","display_name":"Electric power system","score":0.41112011671066284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.35272330045700073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3412126302719116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering","display_name":"Automotive engineering","score":0.32829636335372925}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61352017","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211058","display_name":"Circuit breaker","level":2,"score":0.878509521484375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175551986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47089","display_name":"Fault (geology)","level":2,"score":0.5371646881103516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5262607336044312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.5203794240951538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.45686954259872437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777210771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927124","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","level":2,"score":0.4215799570083618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.41112011671066284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.35272330045700073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3412126302719116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.32829636335372925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165205528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83371","display_name":"Seismology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iecon43393.2020.9254875","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon43393.2020.9254875","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608618","display_name":"IECON 2020 The 46th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IECON 2020 The 46th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk:137336","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/137336/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401195","display_name":"ORCA Online Research @Cardiff (Cardiff University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79510175","host_organization_name":"Cardiff University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference or Workshop Item"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7799999713897705,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2012637362","https://openalex.org/W2023004920","https://openalex.org/W2091065431","https://openalex.org/W2148079515","https://openalex.org/W2262549358","https://openalex.org/W2271607980","https://openalex.org/W2325252487","https://openalex.org/W2343550325","https://openalex.org/W2565345681","https://openalex.org/W2571292791","https://openalex.org/W2604368614","https://openalex.org/W2610818676","https://openalex.org/W2614911400","https://openalex.org/W2673002214","https://openalex.org/W2790485821","https://openalex.org/W2799105820","https://openalex.org/W2802454146","https://openalex.org/W2911739554","https://openalex.org/W2917905096","https://openalex.org/W2967977912","https://openalex.org/W2981693008","https://openalex.org/W2989577459","https://openalex.org/W3014997170","https://openalex.org/W6692899082","https://openalex.org/W6704220810","https://openalex.org/W6760050304"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2186957643","https://openalex.org/W4313289174","https://openalex.org/W2169296235","https://openalex.org/W2383147444","https://openalex.org/W2772771794","https://openalex.org/W2370462073","https://openalex.org/W2351129194","https://openalex.org/W2369017828","https://openalex.org/W2359169242","https://openalex.org/W2910131125"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"DC":[0],"circuit":[1,69],"breakers":[2],"(DCCBs)":[3],"are":[4,27,43,121],"key":[5],"components":[6,106],"for":[7,133],"the":[8,58,99,119],"protection":[9,82],"of":[10,33,60,118],"dc":[11,136],"power":[12,49,74],"networks,":[13],"such":[14],"as":[15],"high":[16,48],"and":[17,21,45,79,115,130],"medium-voltage":[18],"direct-current":[19],"(HVDC":[20],"MVDC)":[22],"systems.":[23],"Mechanical":[24],"based":[25,39],"DCCBs":[26,38,78],"relatively":[28],"economic":[29],"but":[30],"their":[31,52],"speed":[32,53],"operation":[34],"is":[35,54,85,138],"slow.":[36],"Conversely,":[37],"on":[40],"semiconductor":[41,89],"switches":[42,90],"expensive":[44],"can":[46],"cause":[47],"losses,":[50],"although":[51],"fast.":[55],"To":[56],"combine":[57],"advantages":[59],"these":[61],"devices,":[62],"this":[63],"paper":[64],"presents":[65],"a":[66,80,135,141],"low-cost":[67],"integrated":[68],"breaker":[70],"(ICB)":[71],"with":[72,101],"comparable":[73],"losses":[75],"to":[76,91,98],"mechanical":[77,105],"fast":[81],"speed.":[83],"This":[84],"achieved":[86],"by":[87],"sharing":[88],"block":[92],"faults":[93],"at":[94],"any":[95],"line":[96],"connected":[97],"ICB,":[100],"current":[102],"flowing":[103],"through":[104,140],"only":[107],"during":[108],"no":[109],"fault":[110,137],"conditions.":[111],"The":[112,123],"topology":[113],"design":[114],"operating":[116],"sequence":[117],"ICB":[120,124],"presented.":[122],"has":[125],"been":[126],"modeled":[127],"in":[128],"PSCAD/EMTDC":[129],"its":[131],"effectiveness":[132],"isolating":[134],"demonstrated":[139],"simulation":[142],"study.":[143]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}