{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3098056519","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon43393.2020.9254774","title":"Aggressive Leakage Current Reduction for Embedded MRAM Using Block-Level Power Gating","display_name":"Aggressive Leakage Current Reduction for Embedded MRAM Using Block-Level Power Gating","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-10-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3098056519","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon43393.2020.9254774","mag":"3098056519"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iecon43393.2020.9254774","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon43393.2020.9254774","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608618","display_name":"IECON 2020 The 46th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IECON 2020 The 46th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101615706","display_name":"Anh Tuan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8320-6818"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115228651","display_name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/036wvzt09","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090209","display_name":"Institute of Microelectronics","ror":"https://ror.org/009rw8n36","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I4210090209","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anh Tuan Do","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Microelectronics, A*STAR, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Microelectronics, A*STAR, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090209","https://openalex.org/I115228651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085588788","display_name":"Xuanyao Fong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5939-7389"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuanyao Fong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100325808","display_name":"Fei Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2870-3010"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115228651","display_name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/036wvzt09","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090209","display_name":"Institute of Microelectronics","ror":"https://ror.org/009rw8n36","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I4210090209","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fei Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Microelectronics, A*STAR, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Microelectronics, A*STAR, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090209","https://openalex.org/I115228651"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.20830909,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"2249","last_page":"2254"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12808","display_name":"Ferroelectric and Negative Capacitance Devices","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12808","display_name":"Ferroelectric and Negative Capacitance Devices","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10472","display_name":"Semiconductor materials and devices","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-gating","display_name":"Power gating","score":0.8798176646232605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leakage-power","display_name":"Leakage power","score":0.7286314368247986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/idle","display_name":"Idle","score":0.7281710505485535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6097670197486877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetoresistive-random-access-memory","display_name":"Magnetoresistive random-access memory","score":0.6053493618965149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transistor","display_name":"Transistor","score":0.5947526097297668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sleep-mode","display_name":"Sleep mode","score":0.5904623866081238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leakage","display_name":"Leakage (economics)","score":0.5320867896080017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.4987006187438965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","score":0.439919114112854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.4395579695701599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.4277515113353729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reduction","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","score":0.412462443113327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4032728374004364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.3658495545387268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2310839593410492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.22703862190246582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-access-memory","display_name":"Random access memory","score":0.19743934273719788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-consumption","display_name":"Power consumption","score":0.12926900386810303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.08504080772399902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.08425769209861755}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780700455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7236515","display_name":"Power gating","level":4,"score":0.8798176646232605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987719587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1811428","display_name":"Leakage power","level":4,"score":0.7286314368247986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16320812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1812200","display_name":"Idle","level":2,"score":0.7281710505485535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6097670197486877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46891859","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1061546","display_name":"Magnetoresistive random-access memory","level":3,"score":0.6053493618965149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172385210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5339","display_name":"Transistor","level":3,"score":0.5947526097297668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57149124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q587346","display_name":"Sleep mode","level":4,"score":0.5904623866081238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777042071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6509304","display_name":"Leakage (economics)","level":2,"score":0.5320867896080017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4987006187438965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777210771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927124","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","level":2,"score":0.439919114112854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.4395579695701599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.4277515113353729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.412462443113327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4032728374004364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.3658495545387268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2310839593410492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.22703862190246582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994168587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5295","display_name":"Random access memory","level":2,"score":0.19743934273719788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984118289","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29954","display_name":"Power consumption","level":3,"score":0.12926900386810303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.08504080772399902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08425769209861755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iecon43393.2020.9254774","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon43393.2020.9254774","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608618","display_name":"IECON 2020 The 46th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IECON 2020 The 46th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarbank.nus.edu.sg:10635/245796","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/handle/10635/245796","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407052290","display_name":"National University of Singapore","issn_l":null,"issn":[],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Elements","raw_type":"Conference Paper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8399999737739563}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1504464452","https://openalex.org/W1964504828","https://openalex.org/W1973718899","https://openalex.org/W1985841039","https://openalex.org/W2010216838","https://openalex.org/W2041333130","https://openalex.org/W2052239558","https://openalex.org/W2059221985","https://openalex.org/W2069795715","https://openalex.org/W2086077121","https://openalex.org/W2102209351","https://openalex.org/W2159904000","https://openalex.org/W2201475267","https://openalex.org/W2290824897","https://openalex.org/W2306457024","https://openalex.org/W2328430807","https://openalex.org/W2342983891","https://openalex.org/W2433252002","https://openalex.org/W6684149499","https://openalex.org/W6717790587"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W766768338","https://openalex.org/W3092821848","https://openalex.org/W2127209776","https://openalex.org/W3201504882","https://openalex.org/W2015140512","https://openalex.org/W2066397066","https://openalex.org/W2125647168","https://openalex.org/W2123025065","https://openalex.org/W2408255489","https://openalex.org/W3089456341"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,53],"paper":[1],"exploits":[2],"circuit":[3],"techniques":[4],"to":[5,29],"realize":[6],"a":[7,17,23,39,74],"power-gated":[8],"MRAM":[9,19,43,68],"with":[10],"the":[11,41,50,55,64,67,94],"instant-on":[12],"characteristic.":[13],"Each":[14],"block":[15],"in":[16,46,71,82,93],"large-capacity":[18],"is":[20,44,80,100,118],"gated":[21],"by":[22],"separate":[24],"power":[25,112,129],"transistor,":[26],"allowing":[27],"it":[28,79],"be":[30,70],"fully":[31],"turned":[32],"on":[33],"after":[34],"only":[35],"1.3":[36],"ns.":[37],"As":[38],"result,":[40],"whole":[42],"always":[45],"sleep":[47,83,86],"mode,":[48],"except":[49],"selected":[51],"block.":[52],"eliminates":[54],"need":[56],"for":[57,73],"access":[58],"pattern":[59],"prediction":[60],"as":[61,63],"well":[62],"requirement":[65],"that":[66,91],"must":[69],"idle":[72],"significant":[75],"of":[76,97],"time":[77],"before":[78],"put":[81],"or":[84],"deep":[85],"mode.":[87],"Our":[88,114],"simulation":[89],"shows":[90],"even":[92],"worst-case-scenario,":[95],"86%":[96],"leakage":[98,108],"current":[99],"saved.":[101],"In":[102],"typical":[103],"cases,":[104],"there":[105],"are":[106],"96.5%":[107],"and":[109,121,131],"69%":[110],"total":[111],"reduction.":[113],"proposed":[115],"scheme's":[116],"implementation":[117],"straight":[119],"forward":[120],"incurs":[122],"less":[123],"than":[124],"0.5%":[125],"area":[126],"overhead,":[127],"including":[128],"transistors":[130],"control":[132],"circuits.":[133]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-02T09:51:11.867554","created_date":"2020-11-23T00:00:00"}
