{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2995711167","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon.2019.8927117","title":"Cost-performance framework for the assessment of Modular Multilevel Converter in HVDC transmission applications","display_name":"Cost-performance framework for the assessment of Modular Multilevel Converter in HVDC transmission applications","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2995711167","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon.2019.8927117","mag":"2995711167"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iecon.2019.8927117","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon.2019.8927117","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IECON 2019 - 45th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044711149","display_name":"Nathan Evans","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162694","display_name":"Supergrid Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05wsx4f18","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162694"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nathan Evans","raw_affiliation_strings":["SuperGrid Institute SAS, Villeurbanne, France","SuperGrid Institute SAS (23 rue Cyprian CS 50289\r\n69628 Villeurbanne Cedex - France)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SuperGrid Institute SAS, Villeurbanne, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162694"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"SuperGrid Institute SAS (23 rue Cyprian CS 50289\r\n69628 Villeurbanne Cedex - France)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162694"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071005959","display_name":"Piotr Dworakowski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6893-0103"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162694","display_name":"Supergrid Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05wsx4f18","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162694"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Piotr Dworakowski","raw_affiliation_strings":["SuperGrid Institute SAS, Villeurbanne, France","SuperGrid Institute SAS (23 rue Cyprian CS 50289\r\n69628 Villeurbanne Cedex - France)"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6893-0103","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SuperGrid Institute SAS, Villeurbanne, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162694"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"SuperGrid Institute SAS (23 rue Cyprian CS 50289\r\n69628 Villeurbanne Cedex - France)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162694"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074704756","display_name":"Mohammed Al-Kharaz","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162694","display_name":"Supergrid Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05wsx4f18","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162694"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammed Al-Kharaz","raw_affiliation_strings":["SuperGrid Institute SAS, Villeurbanne, France","SuperGrid Institute SAS (23 rue Cyprian CS 50289\r\n69628 Villeurbanne Cedex - France)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SuperGrid Institute SAS, Villeurbanne, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162694"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"SuperGrid Institute SAS (23 rue Cyprian CS 50289\r\n69628 Villeurbanne Cedex - France)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162694"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034764672","display_name":"Sneha Hegde","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3429-3409"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162694","display_name":"Supergrid Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05wsx4f18","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162694"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sneha Hegde","raw_affiliation_strings":["SuperGrid Institute SAS, Villeurbanne, France","SuperGrid Institute SAS (23 rue Cyprian CS 50289\r\n69628 Villeurbanne Cedex - France)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SuperGrid Institute SAS, Villeurbanne, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162694"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"SuperGrid Institute SAS (23 rue Cyprian CS 50289\r\n69628 Villeurbanne Cedex - France)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162694"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008904704","display_name":"Elie Perez","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162694","display_name":"Supergrid Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05wsx4f18","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162694"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elie Perez","raw_affiliation_strings":["SuperGrid Institute SAS, Villeurbanne, France","SuperGrid Institute SAS (23 rue Cyprian CS 50289\r\n69628 Villeurbanne Cedex - France)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SuperGrid Institute SAS, Villeurbanne, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162694"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"SuperGrid Institute SAS (23 rue Cyprian CS 50289\r\n69628 Villeurbanne Cedex - France)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162694"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030783921","display_name":"Florent Morel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3098-7806"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162694","display_name":"Supergrid Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05wsx4f18","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162694"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Florent Morel","raw_affiliation_strings":["SuperGrid Institute SAS, Villeurbanne, France","SuperGrid Institute SAS (23 rue Cyprian CS 50289\r\n69628 Villeurbanne Cedex - France)"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3098-7806","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SuperGrid Institute SAS, Villeurbanne, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162694"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"SuperGrid Institute SAS (23 rue Cyprian CS 50289\r\n69628 Villeurbanne Cedex - France)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162694"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162694"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"4793","last_page":"4798"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11102","display_name":"HVDC Systems and Fault Protection","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11102","display_name":"HVDC Systems and Fault Protection","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12804","display_name":"Thermal Analysis in Power Transmission","score":0.9588000178337097,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14502","display_name":"High-Voltage Power Transmission Systems","score":0.9514999985694885,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modular-design","display_name":"Modular design","score":0.8236373662948608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hvdc-converter-station","display_name":"HVDC converter station","score":0.6937350034713745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-voltage-direct-current","display_name":"High-voltage direct current","score":0.6858327388763428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.5539063811302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.547373354434967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/offshore-wind-power","display_name":"Offshore wind power","score":0.5421250462532043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5092195272445679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.4740580916404724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission-system","display_name":"Transmission system","score":0.45199090242385864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4323238730430603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.42034444212913513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.3769012689590454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wind-power","display_name":"Wind power","score":0.30827218294143677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/direct-current","display_name":"Direct current","score":0.19007840752601624}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101468663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620158","display_name":"Modular design","level":2,"score":0.8236373662948608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7904685","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2356943","display_name":"HVDC converter station","level":3,"score":0.6937350034713745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781163877","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q370607","display_name":"High-voltage direct current","level":4,"score":0.6858327388763428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.5539063811302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.547373354434967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8735168","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61637704","display_name":"Offshore wind power","level":3,"score":0.5421250462532043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5092195272445679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.4740580916404724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113608303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1056835","display_name":"Transmission system","level":3,"score":0.45199090242385864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4323238730430603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.42034444212913513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3769012689590454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78600449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43302","display_name":"Wind power","level":2,"score":0.30827218294143677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776620479","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159241","display_name":"Direct current","level":3,"score":0.19007840752601624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iecon.2019.8927117","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon.2019.8927117","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IECON 2019 - 45th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-02432355v1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-02432355","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IECON 2019 - 45th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, Oct 2019, Lisbon, Portugal. pp.4793-4798, ⟨10.1109/IECON.2019.8927117⟩","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8500000238418579,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1874585428","https://openalex.org/W1915388693","https://openalex.org/W1928866925","https://openalex.org/W1986975822","https://openalex.org/W1989332648","https://openalex.org/W2038518210","https://openalex.org/W2074228115","https://openalex.org/W2077452379","https://openalex.org/W2084174263","https://openalex.org/W2095866418","https://openalex.org/W2109367892","https://openalex.org/W2128342230","https://openalex.org/W2317423517","https://openalex.org/W2345004826","https://openalex.org/W2466993395","https://openalex.org/W2510355929","https://openalex.org/W2530571183","https://openalex.org/W2547097000","https://openalex.org/W2551242464","https://openalex.org/W2605117707","https://openalex.org/W2807890669","https://openalex.org/W2901090678","https://openalex.org/W2905732896","https://openalex.org/W2995862987","https://openalex.org/W4252934855","https://openalex.org/W6674499799","https://openalex.org/W6676173135","https://openalex.org/W6679067946"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4251447409","https://openalex.org/W1998367034","https://openalex.org/W2612827389","https://openalex.org/W1560193083","https://openalex.org/W2043962919","https://openalex.org/W3210902886","https://openalex.org/W2129392617","https://openalex.org/W2377988082","https://openalex.org/W2348488429","https://openalex.org/W2946130104"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1],"proposes":[2],"a":[3],"methodology":[4,58],"of":[5,47,56,62],"Cost-Performance":[6],"Assessment":[7],"(CPA)":[8],"enabling":[9],"the":[10,16,26,42,54,60,73,82],"efficient":[11],"cost":[12,84],"evaluation":[13,61],"required":[14],"for":[15,25,65],"Cost-Benefit":[17],"Analysis":[18],"(CBA).":[19],"The":[20,68],"proposed":[21],"method":[22],"is":[23,51],"applied":[24],"Modular":[27],"Multilevel":[28],"Converter":[29],"(MMC)":[30],"in":[31,59,81],"offshore":[32],"wind":[33],"high":[34],"voltage":[35,49,76],"direct":[36],"current":[37],"(HVDC)":[38],"transmission.":[39,67],"Thanks":[40],"to":[41,79],"developed":[43],"model,":[44],"an":[45],"analysis":[46,69],"submodule":[48,74],"rating":[50],"performed":[52],"demonstrating":[53],"interest":[55],"this":[57],"new":[63],"technologies":[64],"HVDC":[66],"shows":[70],"that":[71],"increasing":[72],"(SM)":[75],"could":[77],"lead":[78],"savings":[80],"MMC":[83],"and":[85],"weight.":[86]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-25T09:21:30.201066","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}