{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1999684212","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon.2013.6700479","title":"Uncertainty in the flexibility of aggregations of demand response resources","display_name":"Uncertainty in the flexibility of aggregations of demand response resources","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1999684212","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon.2013.6700479","mag":"1999684212"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iecon.2013.6700479","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon.2013.6700479","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IECON 2013 - 39th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015257057","display_name":"Johanna L. Mathieu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8834-5350"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","display_name":"ETH Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/05a28rw58","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Johanna L. Mathieu","raw_affiliation_strings":["ETH Z\u00fcrich, Power Systems Laboratory, Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland","Power Syst. Lab., ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ETH Z\u00fcrich, Power Systems Laboratory, Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Power Syst. Lab., ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089834362","display_name":"Marina Gonz\u00e1lez Vay\u00e1","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","display_name":"ETH Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/05a28rw58","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marina Gonzalez Vaya","raw_affiliation_strings":["ETH Z\u00fcrich, Power Systems Laboratory, Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland","Power Syst. Lab., ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ETH Z\u00fcrich, Power Systems Laboratory, Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Power Syst. Lab., ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089346574","display_name":"G\u00f6ran Andersson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7715-7087"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","display_name":"ETH Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/05a28rw58","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Goran Andersson","raw_affiliation_strings":["ETH Z\u00fcrich, Power Systems Laboratory, Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland","Power Syst. Lab., ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ETH Z\u00fcrich, Power Systems Laboratory, Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Power Syst. Lab., ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5015257057"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.77,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":72,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96310931,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"8052","last_page":"8057"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10768","display_name":"Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10424","display_name":"Electric Power System Optimization","score":0.9843000173568726,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexibility","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","score":0.9033015370368958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6977040767669678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variety","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","score":0.6266254186630249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.5629880428314209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demand-response","display_name":"Demand response","score":0.5546247363090515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.505078136920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-system","display_name":"Electric power system","score":0.44682446122169495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.344344824552536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-research","display_name":"Operations research","score":0.34102463722229004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industrial-engineering","display_name":"Industrial engineering","score":0.3231412172317505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.2540305256843567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electricity","display_name":"Electricity","score":0.16310080885887146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.14327898621559143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1398126482963562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.11930787563323975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.0814947783946991}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.9033015370368958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6977040767669678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.6266254186630249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.5629880428314209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779438525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5255048","display_name":"Demand response","level":3,"score":0.5546247363090515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.505078136920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.44682446122169495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.344344824552536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.34102463722229004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13736549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4489420","display_name":"Industrial engineering","level":1,"score":0.3231412172317505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.2540305256843567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206658404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12725","display_name":"Electricity","level":2,"score":0.16310080885887146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.14327898621559143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1398126482963562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.11930787563323975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0814947783946991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iecon.2013.6700479","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon.2013.6700479","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IECON 2013 - 39th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1787290749","https://openalex.org/W1897955010","https://openalex.org/W1973830370","https://openalex.org/W1999227197","https://openalex.org/W1999913837","https://openalex.org/W2003965484","https://openalex.org/W2009022268","https://openalex.org/W2019093537","https://openalex.org/W2061926759","https://openalex.org/W2063996928","https://openalex.org/W2104371886","https://openalex.org/W2126635202","https://openalex.org/W2143170985","https://openalex.org/W2153520025","https://openalex.org/W2174209625","https://openalex.org/W2184468295","https://openalex.org/W2764917955","https://openalex.org/W3123458342","https://openalex.org/W4250913065","https://openalex.org/W6638009852","https://openalex.org/W6641863349","https://openalex.org/W6686279822"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2555175041","https://openalex.org/W2032085210","https://openalex.org/W2389561653","https://openalex.org/W2052188148","https://openalex.org/W4239205706","https://openalex.org/W4239297229","https://openalex.org/W3166575991","https://openalex.org/W4205710825","https://openalex.org/W4210490979","https://openalex.org/W3009668591"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Aggregations":[0],"of":[1,9,37,53,61,91,111,118,130,146],"demand":[2],"response":[3],"resources":[4],"can":[5,97],"provide":[6],"a":[7,51],"variety":[8],"services":[10],"to":[11,81,152],"the":[12,58,87,112,128,131],"power":[13],"grid.":[14],"To":[15],"utilize":[16],"them":[17],"effectively,":[18],"for":[19,69,75,101],"both":[20],"planning":[21,150],"problems":[22,151],"and":[23,43,56,73,89],"real-time":[24],"control,":[25],"we":[26,49,137],"must":[27],"estimate":[28],"their":[29],"flexibility.":[30],"However,":[31],"flexibility":[32,55],"estimates":[33],"are":[34,125],"uncertain":[35,54],"because":[36],"issues":[38],"such":[39,121],"as":[40,122],"model":[41,52],"error":[42],"forecasting":[44],"error.":[45],"In":[46],"this":[47],"paper,":[48],"present":[50],"describe":[57],"many":[59],"causes":[60,88],"uncertainty.":[62,92],"We":[63,93],"conduct":[64],"two":[65],"case":[66],"studies,":[67],"one":[68,74,142],"electric":[70],"vehicle":[71],"aggregations":[72],"air":[76],"conditioner":[77],"aggregations,":[78,104],"in":[79,149],"order":[80],"show":[82],"specific":[83],"examples":[84],"that":[85,95],"illustrate":[86],"magnitude":[90],"find":[94],"uncertainty":[96,147],"be":[98],"very":[99],"large":[100],"small":[102],"load":[103],"when":[105,116],"models":[106],"do":[107],"not":[108],"capture":[109],"enough":[110],"underlying":[113],"dynamics,":[114],"or":[115],"forecasts":[117],"other":[119],"quantities,":[120],"ambient":[123],"conditions,":[124],"bad.":[126],"Although":[127],"focus":[129],"paper":[132],"is":[133],"on":[134],"understanding":[135],"uncertainty,":[136],"also":[138],"briefly":[139],"discuss":[140],"how":[141],"might":[143],"use":[144],"knowledge":[145],"distributions":[148],"derive":[153],"closer-to-optimal":[154],"results.":[155]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T14:29:43.386196","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}